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Susa Shrine

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Susa Shrine
須佐神社
Religion
AffiliationShinto
DeitySusanoo-no-Mikoto

Kushinadahime

Ashinazuchi and Tenazuchi
FestivalApril 18
Location
Location730 Susa, Sada-cho, Izumo City, Shimane Prefecture
MunicipalityIzumo, Shimane
Geographic coordinates35 degrees 14 minutes 04.8 seconds north latitude 132 degrees 44 minutes 13.0 seconds east longitude
Architecture
TypeTaisha-zukuri
Date established776[1]
Website
https://www.susa-jinja.jp/
Glossary of Shinto

Susa Shrine (須佐神社, Susa Jinja) is a Shinto shrine in Izumo, Shimane, Japan. It is the 18th Shinto shrine in the Enza-no-kai Organization[2] list of shrines and temples considered important to the historical region of Izumo, which includes other major shrines in Shimane and Tottori Prefectures including Izumo-taisha, Kumano-taisha, and Ōgamiyama Jinja.

The main deity is Susanoo-no-Mikoto, and his wife, Inada-hime, and Inada-hime's parents, Ashimazuchi-no-mikoto and Temazuchi-no-mikoto, are also enshrined.[a][3]

The shrine is listed in the Izumo Fudoki as one of five shrines in Iishi District that were registered with the Department of Divinities. This shrine is identified as the place in what was formerly the township of Susa where Susanoo chose to enshrine his spirit.[4] The shrine was also known as Jūsansho Daimyōjin (十三所大明神) and Susa no Ōmiya (須佐大宮 'Great Shrine of Susa') during the medieval and early modern periods.[5][6] The shrine's priestly lineage, the Susa (or Inada) clan (須佐氏 / 稲田氏), were considered to be the descendants of Susanoo via his son Yashimashino-no-Mikoto (八島篠命, the Kojiki's Yashimajinumi-no-Kami)[7][8] or Ōkuninushi.[6] Besides Susanoo, his consort Kushinadahime and her parents Ashinazuchi and Tenazuchi are also enshrined here as auxiliary deities.[8][9]

History

The shrine was founded in 776[1]

The priests of the shrine are said to be descendants of Ōkuninushi.[10]

It is mentioned in the Engishiki.[11]

Description

Susa-jinja is built in the taisha-zukuri style and, in addition to the honden, hosts a number of smaller shrines. Susa-jinja also claims to have "Seven Wonders"[3] littered across its grounds including a 1300-year-old sacred tree,[11] a cherry tree that casts no shadow, and a saltwater well.

Ancestry of priests

Ōyamatsumi[12][13][14] Susanoo[15][16][17]: 277 
Kamuo Ichihime[13][14][18][19]
Konohanachiru-hime[20][17]: 277 Ashinazuchi[21][22]Tenazuchi[22]Toshigami[19][18]Ukanomitama[13][14]
(Inari)[23]
Oyamakui[24]
Kushinadahime[22][25][17]: 277 
Yashimajinumi[20][17]: 277 
Kagutsuchi[26]
Kuraokami[27]
Hikawahime [ja][28][17]: 278 Fuha-no-Mojikunusunu [ja][17]: 278 
Fukabuchi-no-Mizuyarehana [ja][17]: 278 Ame-no-Tsudoechine [ja][17]: 278 Funozuno [ja][17]: 278 
Sashikuni Okami [ja][17]: 278 Omizunu[17]: 278 Futemimi [ja][17]: 278 
Sashikuni Wakahime [ja][17]: 278 Ame-no-Fuyukinu[29][30][17]: 278 Takamimusubi[31][32]
Futodama[31][32]
Nunakawahime[33] Ōkuninushi[34][17]: 278 
(Ōnamuchi)[35]		Kamotaketsunumi no Mikoto[36]
Kotoshironushi[37][38] Tamakushi-hime[36] Takeminakata[39][40] Susa Clan[41]

JAPANESE
EMPERORS
711–585 BC

Jimmu[42]
660–585 BC(1) 		Himetataraisuzu-hime[42]Kamo no Okimi[37][43]Mirahime [ja]
632–549 BC

Suizei[44][45][46]
581–549 BC(2)		 Isuzuyori-hime[43][47] Hikoyai[44][45][46] Kamuyaimimi[44][45][46]
d.577 BC		Miwa clan and Kamo clan Nunasokonakatsu-hime[48][37]
Imperial House of JapanŌ clan[49][50] and Aso clan[51]
  • Pink is female.
  • Blue is male.
  • Grey means other or unknown.
  • Clans, families, people groups are in green.

Notes

  1. ^ It is said that the three deities were enshrined at the shrine site on the opposite side of the Susa River (currently on the grounds of Yukari-kan) until the Tenbun period.

References

  1. ^ a b "須佐神社｜出雲観光ガイド【出雲観光協会公式ホームページ】". 出雲観光ガイド【出雲観光協会公式ホームページ】 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-06-27.
  2. ^ "出雲国神仏霊場". 出雲地方の由緒ある20の神社・仏閣を巡る. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
  3. ^ a b "Susa Jinja - Information|Dedicated Kami (deities or Japanese gods)". english.susa-jinja.jp. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
  4. ^ "History". Susa Shrine Official Website. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  5. ^ "第十八番 須佐神社". 出雲國神仏霊場を巡る旅 (Izumo-no-kuni shinbutsu reijo o meguru tabi). 社寺縁座の会 (Shaji Enza no Kai). Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  6. ^ a b "須佐(稲田)氏 (Susa (Inada)-shi)". 家紋World – World of KAMON. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  7. ^ 飯石郡誌 (Iishi-gun shi) (in Japanese). 飯石郡役所 (Iishi-gun yakusho). 1918. p. 247.
  8. ^ a b 大日本神社志 (Dai-Nippon jinja shi). 大日本敬神会本部 (Dai-Nippon Keishinkai Honbu). 1933. p. 342.
  9. ^ "Dedicated Kami (deities or Japanese gods)". Suga Shrine Official Website. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  10. ^ Tanigawa Ken'ichi [de] 『日本の神々 神社と聖地 7 山陰』（新装復刊） 2000年 白水社 ISBN 978-4-560-02507-9
  11. ^ a b "須佐神社|ヤマタノオロチ伝説とゆかりの地|出雲神話とゆかりの地|縁結びパワースポットと出雲神話|島根浪漫旅". www.izumo-shinwa.com. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
  12. ^ Kaoru, Nakayama (7 May 2005). "Ōyamatsumi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  13. ^ a b c Chamberlain (1882). Section XIX.—The Palace of Suga.
  14. ^ a b c Chamberlain (1882). Section XX.—The August Ancestors of the Deity-Master-of-the-Great-Land.
  15. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (10 May 2005). "Susanoo". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  16. ^ "Susanoo | Description & Mythology". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Herbert, J. (2010). Shinto: At the Fountainhead of Japan. Routledge Library Editions: Japan. Taylor & Francis. p. 402. ISBN 978-1-136-90376-2. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  18. ^ a b 大年神 [Ōtoshi-no-kami] (in Japanese). Kotobank. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  19. ^ a b 大年神 [Ōtoshi-no-kami] (in Japanese). Kokugakuin University. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  20. ^ a b Mori, Mizue. "Yashimajinumi". Kokugakuin University Encyclopedia of Shinto.
  21. ^ Frédéric, L.; Louis-Frédéric; Roth, K. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press reference library. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  22. ^ a b c "My Shinto: Personal Descriptions of Japanese Religion and Culture". www2.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2023-10-16.
  23. ^ “‘My Own Inari’: Personalization of the Deity in Inari Worship.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23, no. 1/2 (1996): 87-88
  24. ^ "Ōtoshi | 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム". 2022-08-17. Archived from the original on 2022-08-17. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
  25. ^ "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Kushinadahime". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp.
  26. ^ "Kagutsuchi". World History Encyclopedia.
  27. ^ Ashkenazi, M. (2003). Handbook of Japanese Mythology. Handbooks of world mythology. ABC-CLIO. p. 213. ISBN 978-1-57607-467-1. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  28. ^ Chamberlain, B.H. (2012). Kojiki: Records of Ancient Matters. Tuttle Classics. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0511-9. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  29. ^ Philippi, Donald L. (2015). Kojiki. Princeton University Press. p. 92.
  30. ^ Chamberlain (1882). Section XX.—The August Ancestors of the Deity-Master-Of-The-Great Land.
  31. ^ a b Ponsonby-Fane, R. A. B. (2014-06-03). Studies In Shinto & Shrines. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-89294-3.
  32. ^ a b "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Futodama". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  33. ^ Philippi, Donald L. (2015). Kojiki. Princeton University Press. pp. 104–112.
  34. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya; Tatsuya, Yumiyama (20 October 2005). "Ōkuninushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  35. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (21 April 2005). "Ōnamuchi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  36. ^ a b The Emperor's Clans: The Way of the Descendants, Aogaki Publishing, 2018.
  37. ^ a b c Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. Columbia University Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780231049405.
  38. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (28 April 2005). "Kotoshironushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  39. ^ Sendai Kuji Hongi, Book 4 (先代舊事本紀 巻第四), in Keizai Zasshisha, ed. (1898). Kokushi-taikei, vol. 7 (国史大系 第7巻). Keizai Zasshisha. pp. 243–244.
  40. ^ Chamberlain (1882). Section XXIV.—The Wooing of the Deity-of-Eight-Thousand-Spears.
  41. ^ Tanigawa Ken'ichi [de] 『日本の神々 神社と聖地 7 山陰』（新装復刊） 2000年 白水社 ISBN 978-4-560-02507-9
  42. ^ a b Kazuhiko, Nishioka (26 April 2005). "Isukeyorihime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  43. ^ a b 『神話の中のヒメたち　もうひとつの古事記』p94-97「初代皇后は「神の御子」」
  44. ^ a b c 日本人名大辞典+Plus, デジタル版. "日子八井命とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  45. ^ a b c ANDASSOVA, Maral (2019). "Emperor Jinmu in the Kojiki". Japan Review (32): 5–16. ISSN 0915-0986. JSTOR 26652947.
  46. ^ a b c "Visit Kusakabeyoshimi Shrine on your trip to Takamori-machi or Japan". trips.klarna.com. Retrieved 2023-03-04.
  47. ^ 『図説　歴代天皇紀』p42-43「綏靖天皇」
  48. ^ Anston, p. 143 (Vol. 1)
  49. ^ Grapard, Allan G. (2023-04-28). The Protocol of the Gods: A Study of the Kasuga Cult in Japanese History. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91036-2.
  50. ^ Tenri Journal of Religion. Tenri University Press. 1968.
  51. ^ Takano, Tomoaki; Uchimura, Hiroaki (2006). History and Festivals of the Aso Shrine. Aso Shrine, Ichinomiya, Aso City.: Aso Shrine.
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