Add compat methods for new Bundle and Intent APIs

We have introduced new, safer, APIs for Parcel, Bundle and Intent in T
that we want to encourage developers to use. However the APIs have a bug
(b/232589966) which could hinder adoption. As such, we are adding
previously planned Compat methods that developers can use in all Andorid
versios, that will not use the T Apis until U where the bug is addressed.

There are subtle differences in the implementations of the platform
APIs, and so the behaviour of the compat methods:

1. Get Parcelable
public static <T> T getParcelable(@NonNull Bundle in, @Nullable String
key, @NonNull Class<T> clazz)

public static <T> T getParcelableExtra(@NonNull Intent in, @Nullable
String name, @NonNull Class<T> clazz)

These methods match the method signature and behaviour of the post-T,
type-safe APIs - return the value if it exists and is of the `clazz`
type, otherwise return null.

2. Get Collection
public static  <T> ArrayList<T> getParcelableArrayList(@NonNull Bundle
in, @Nullable String key, @NonNull Class<? extends T> clazz)

public static <T> SparseArray<T> getSparseParcelableArray(@NonNull
Bundle in, @Nullable String key, @NonNull Class<? extends T> clazz)

public static <T> ArrayList<T> getParcelableArrayListExtra(@NonNull
Intent in, @Nullable String name, @NonNull Class<? extends T>clazz)

On these methods, the method signature matches the post-T APIs, but type
checking is only done on U+ devices, on first deserialisation. Checking
outside of this scenario requires a linear traversal of the array on each
call, and so is not done for performance  (see b/222087511). Initial
benchmarking shows a 400x difference for large arrays.

3. Get Array

public static Parcelable[] getParcelableArray(@NonNull Bundle in,
@Nullable String key,  @NonNull Class<?> clazz)

public static Parcelable[] getParcelableArrayExtra(@NonNull Intent in,
@Nullable String name, @NonNull Class<?> clazz)

Due to Java generics erasure at runtime, the post-T method signature can
not be safely used on pre-U devices, as the pre-T platform APIs return a
Parcelable[] rather than T[], which can not be implicitely cast to a
subtype even if all items conform. The cost of manually casting is large
(see above). Therefore, we always return Parcelable[] on all device
versions, and we only type-check on U+ devices.

The ParcelCompat methods have been updated to match this behaviour. For
readArray, this is a source breaking API change. But
the current method signature would fail on any current devices if
assigned to anything other than an Object[]  - succeeding
at compile time, but failing with a ClassCastException at runtime.

For readParcelableArray, it has been deprecated and replaced with
readParcelableArrayTyped, as updating the type signature would be a ABI
breaking change for libraries.

Bug: 242048899
Test: atest ParcelCompat BundleCompat IntentCompat on T and U devices
Test: Check binary compatibility manually with a test library.
Relnote: "Adds compatibility methods for new APIs introduced in Android
  13 for Parcels, Bundles, and Intents.
  Note: Some ParcelCompat method signatures have been updated, and may
  require a source change on upgrade to confirm to the new signature."

Change-Id: I57e94c6efcc674173d201205fb175cef495bcf82

• core/core/api/current.ignore[Added - diff]
• core/core/api/current.txt[diff]
• core/core/api/public_plus_experimental_current.txt[diff]
• core/core/api/restricted_current.ignore[Added - diff]
• core/core/api/restricted_current.txt[diff]
• core/core/src/androidTest/java/androidx/core/content/IntentCompatTest.java[diff]
• core/core/src/androidTest/java/androidx/core/os/BundleCompatTest.java[Added - diff]
• core/core/src/androidTest/java/androidx/core/os/ParcelCompatTest.java[diff]
• core/core/src/main/java/androidx/core/content/IntentCompat.java[diff]
• core/core/src/main/java/androidx/core/os/BundleCompat.java[Added - diff]
• core/core/src/main/java/androidx/core/os/ParcelCompat.java[diff]