Fix base::RandGenerator bug (it had non-uniform random distribution). Add test that would have caught bug. Also add a test to verify that our random generators are at least somewhat random.
BUG=84221
TEST=base_unittests --gtest_filter=RandUtilTest.*
Review URL: http://codereview.chromium.org/7080005
git-svn-id: svn://svn.chromium.org/chrome/trunk/src@87244 0039d316-1c4b-4281-b951-d872f2087c98
diff --git a/base/rand_util_unittest.cc b/base/rand_util_unittest.cc
index d7fa37af..b81e2ef 100644
--- a/base/rand_util_unittest.cc
+++ b/base/rand_util_unittest.cc
@@ -61,3 +61,63 @@
EXPECT_LE(std::numeric_limits<ptrdiff_t>::max(),
std::numeric_limits<int64>::max());
}
+
+TEST(RandUtilTest, RandGeneratorIsUniform) {
+ // Verify that RandGenerator has a uniform distribution. This is a
+ // regression test that consistently failed when RandGenerator was
+ // implemented this way:
+ //
+ // return base::RandUint64() % max;
+ //
+ // A degenerate case for such an implementation is e.g. a top of
+ // range that is 2/3rds of the way to MAX_UINT64, in which case the
+ // bottom half of the range would be twice as likely to occur as the
+ // top half. A bit of calculus care of jar@ shows that the largest
+ // measurable delta is when the top of the range is 3/4ths of the
+ // way, so that's what we use in the test.
+ const uint64 kTopOfRange = (std::numeric_limits<uint64>::max() / 4ULL) * 3ULL;
+ const uint64 kExpectedAverage = kTopOfRange / 2ULL;
+ const uint64 kAllowedVariance = kExpectedAverage / 50ULL; // +/- 2%
+ const int kMinAttempts = 1000;
+ const int kMaxAttempts = 1000000;
+
+ double cumulative_average = 0.0;
+ int count = 0;
+ while (count < kMaxAttempts) {
+ uint64 value = base::RandGenerator(kTopOfRange);
+ cumulative_average = (count * cumulative_average + value) / (count + 1);
+
+ // Don't quit too quickly for things to start converging, or we may have
+ // a false positive.
+ if (count > kMinAttempts &&
+ kExpectedAverage - kAllowedVariance < cumulative_average &&
+ cumulative_average < kExpectedAverage + kAllowedVariance) {
+ break;
+ }
+
+ ++count;
+ }
+
+ ASSERT_LT(count, kMaxAttempts) << "Expected average was " <<
+ kExpectedAverage << ", average ended at " << cumulative_average;
+}
+
+TEST(RandUtilTest, RandUint64ProducesBothValuesOfAllBits) {
+ // This tests to see that our underlying random generator is good
+ // enough, for some value of good enough.
+ uint64 kAllZeros = 0ULL;
+ uint64 kAllOnes = ~kAllZeros;
+ uint64 found_ones = kAllZeros;
+ uint64 found_zeros = kAllOnes;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+ uint64 value = base::RandUint64();
+ found_ones |= value;
+ found_zeros &= value;
+
+ if (found_zeros == kAllZeros && found_ones == kAllOnes)
+ return;
+ }
+
+ FAIL() << "Didn't achieve all bit values in maximum number of tries.";
+}