彼: difference between revisions

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{{character info/new}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==
==Translingual==
{{stroke order|type=animate}}
{{stroke order|type=canimate}}
{{stroke order|type=janimate}}
<div style="float:right;">{{stroke order|type=janimate}}</div>


===Han character===
===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=60|rad=彳|as=05|sn=8|four=24247|canj=HODHE|ids=⿰彳皮}}
{{Han char|rn=60|rad=彳|as=05|sn=8|four=24247|canj=HODHE|ids=⿰彳皮}}


====References====
====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[𠶎]], [[𢜢]], [[𢯏]], [[𣷭]], [[𣔓]], [[𥓳]], [[𩏃]], [[𡮌]], [[𫖽]], [[𦋕]], [[𩜔]], [[𠥌]], [[𠪍]], [[𣤳]], [[𥨑]], [[𩕂]]}}
* {{Han ref|kx=0365.250|dkj=10066|dj=0685.180|hdz=20817.100|uh=5F7C|ud=24444|bh=A9BC|bd=43452}}


===Further reading===
----
{{Han ref|kx=0365.250|dkj=10066|dj=0685.180|hdz=20817.100|uh=5F7C}}


==Chinese==
==Chinese==
Line 19: Line 20:


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
{{zh-forms}}
{{zh-forms|alt=佊}}
Related to {{och-l|夫|that}} ({{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}}).
Related to {{och-l|夫|gloss=that}} ({{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}}).

{{etystub|zh}}


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
{{zh-pron
|m=bǐ
|m=bǐ
|c=bei2
|c=bei2,pei2
|h=pfs=pí
|h=pfs=pí
|md=bī
|md=bī
|mn=pí
|mn=pí
|w=2pi,2pe
|w=sh:5pi,5pe
|w_note=2pi - vernacular; 2pe - literary
|w_note=2pi - vernacular; 2pe - literary
|mc=y
|mc=y
Line 39: Line 38:


====Definitions====
====Definitions====
{{zh-hanzi}}
{{head|zh|hanzi}}


# [[that]]; [[those]]
# {{lb|zh|literary}} [[that]]; [[those]]
# {{lb|zh|literary}} [[he]]; [[she]]; [[it]]
# [[other]]
#* {{zh-x|夫 撫劍 疾視 曰，『彼 惡{wū} 敢 當 我 哉』！此 匹夫之勇，敵 一人 者 也。|If a man brandishes his sword, looks fiercely, and says, "How dare '''he''' withstand me?" - this is the valour of a common man, who can be the opponent only of a single individual.|ref=Mengzi}}
#* {{zh-x|彼 用 無 為{wéi} 有，故 謂 矯，若 有 而 謂 有，夫 豈 為 矯 哉！|'''He''' made use of what did not exist as if it had existed, and therefore it was called pretension. If he declared to be existent what really existed, how would this be pretension?|ref=Mozi}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{s|that}}
{{zh-dial|那}}
* {{s|he}}
{{zh-dial|他}}

=====Antonyms=====
* {{as|that}} {{zh-l|此}}

=====Descendants=====
{{CJKV||ひ|피|bỉ}}


====Compounds====
====Compounds====
{{zh-der|彼此|顧此失彼|彼竭我盈|彼眾我寡|厚此薄彼|彼得大帝|厚彼薄此|彼長我消|彼蒼|彼唱此和|不分彼此|何彼襛矣|彼岸|彼倡此和|瞻彼洛矣|挹彼注茲|挹彼注此|此唱彼和|知彼知己|知己知彼|此起彼伏|此發彼應|此問彼難|此起彼落|此仆彼起|聖彼得堡|誓彼襟靈}}
{{col3|zh|彼此|顧此失彼|彼竭我盈|彼眾我寡|厚此薄彼|彼得大帝|厚彼薄此|彼長我消|彼蒼|彼唱此和|不分彼此|何彼襛矣|彼岸|彼倡此和|瞻彼洛矣|挹彼注茲|挹彼注此|此唱彼和|知彼知己|知己知彼|此起彼伏|此發彼應|此問彼難|此起彼落|此仆彼起|聖彼得堡|誓彼襟靈|彼得}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
Related to {{zh-l|許|hí, hír|that}}; see there for more.
Related to {{zh-l|許|hí, hír|that}}; see there for more.


Pronunciation 2 is a fusion word of {{zh-l|許|hí, hír|that}} + {{zh-l|一|it|one}}; compare {{cog|cmn|-}} {{zh-l|那|nèi}}, from {{zh-l|那|that}} + {{zh-l|一|one}} ({{zh-ref|Mei and Yang, 1995}}).
Pronunciation 2 is a fusion word of {{zh-l|許|hí, hír|that}} + {{zh-l|一|it|one}}; compare {{cog-lite|cmn|-}} {{zh-l|那|nèi}}, from {{zh-l|那|that}} + {{zh-l|一|one}} ({{zh-ref|Mei and Yang, 1995}}).


====Pronunciation 1====
====Pronunciation 1====
Line 60: Line 73:


=====Definitions=====
=====Definitions=====
{{zh-hanzi}}
{{head|zh|hanzi}}


# {{lb|zh|Zhangzhou|Taiwan Min Nan}} [[that]] {{gloss|demonstrative pronoun}}
# {{lb|zh|Zhangzhou Hokkien|&|Taiwanese Hokkien}} [[that]] {{gloss-lite|demonstrative pronoun}}
#: {{zh-x|這 是 阮 老母，彼{he} 是 阮 老爸。|This is my mother, and '''that''' is my father.|TW}}
#: {{zh-x|這 是 阮 老母，彼{he} 是 阮 老爸。|This is my mother, and '''that''' is my father.|TW}}

======Synonyms======
{{zh-dial|那個}}


====Pronunciation 2====
====Pronunciation 2====
Line 73: Line 89:


=====Definitions=====
=====Definitions=====
{{zh-hanzi}}
{{head|zh|hanzi}}


# {{lb|zh|Min Nan}} [[that]] {{gloss|demonstrative determiner}}
# {{lb|zh|Southern Min}} [[that]] {{gloss-lite|demonstrative determiner}}
#: {{zh-x|彼 本 冊|'''that''' book|TW}}
#: {{zh-x|彼 本 冊|'''that''' book|TW}}


===Further reading===
----
* {{thcwd|3891}}

{{cat|cmn|Advanced Mandarin}}


==Japanese==
==Japanese==


====Kanji====
===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=彳05}}
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=彳05}}


=====Readings=====
====Readings====
{{ja-readings
{{ja-readings
|goon=ひ
|goon=ひ
Line 93: Line 112:
}}
}}


=====Compounds=====
====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|彼処|あそこ|that place over there, that organization over there}}
* {{ja-r|彼方|あちら, かなた|that way, that over there; far away}}
* {{ja-r/args|彼処|あそこ|that place over there, that organization over there}}
* {{ja-r|彼女|かのじょ|she, girlfriend}}
* {{ja-r/args|彼方|あちら, かなた|that way, that over there; far away}}
* {{ja-r|彼我|ひが|friend and foe}}
* {{ja-r/args|彼女|かのじょ|she, girlfriend}}
* {{ja-r|彼岸|ひがん}}
* {{ja-r/args|彼我|ひが|friend and foe}}
* {{ja-r/args|彼%岸|ひ%がん}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}
{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|か}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|か}}

From {{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=か}}.
From {{inh|ja|ojp|sort=か|-}}.


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|yomi=k|か|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}
{{ja-pron|か|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}


====Pronoun====
====Pronoun====
Line 115: Line 137:


=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
{{der-top3}}
* {{ja-r|彼|かの}}, {{ja-r|彼の|かの|his; that}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|彼|かの}}, {{ja-r/args|彼の|かの|his; that}}
* {{ja-r|彼|かれ|he}}
* {{ja-r/args|彼|かれ|he}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}
{{der-bottom}}

=====See also=====
{{Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|かれ}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|かれ|alt=儂:rare}}

From {{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=かれ}}. Compound of {{suffix|lang=ja|sort=かれ|彼|tr1=ka|t1=that, yon|れ|tr2=re|pos2=nominalizing suffix for demonstratives}}. Found in the ''[[w:Man'yōshū|Man'yōshū]]'' compiled around 759.
From {{inh|ja|ojp|sort=かれ|-}}. Compound of {{suffix|ja|sort=かれ|彼|tr1=ka|t1=that, yon|れ|tr2=re|pos2=nominalizing suffix for demonstratives}}. Found in the ''[[w:Man'yōshū|Man'yōshū]]'' compiled around 759.

The sense development seems to have proceeded from "that thing over there" to "that person over there [of indeterminate gender]". The specifically [[male]] sense of "[[he]]" only arose later during the late {{w|Edo period}} and early {{w|Meiji period}}, influenced by translations of texts from European languages.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref>


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|yomi=k|かれ|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}
{{ja-pron|かれ|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}


====Pronoun====
====Pronoun====
Line 131: Line 161:


# [[distal]] [[demonstrative]], something far off [[removed]] from both speaker and listener: [[that]], [[yon]]
# [[distal]] [[demonstrative]], something far off [[removed]] from both speaker and listener: [[that]], [[yon]]
#* {{RQ:Man'yōshū|18|4045}}
#* {{RQ:Man'yōshū|18|4045|passage=於伎敝欲里 美知久流之保能 伊也麻之尓 安我毛布支見我 弥不根可母'''加礼'''}}
#*: {{lang|ja|於伎敝欲里 美知久流之保能 伊也麻之尓 安我毛布支見我 弥不根可母'''加礼'''}}
# third person pronoun: [[he]], [[she]]
# third person pronoun: [[he]], [[she]]
## particularly, male personal third person pronoun: [[he]]
## particularly, male personal third person pronoun: [[he]]
##: {{cot|ja|彼女|tr1=kanojo|t1=she}}
## by extension from ''he'': [[boyfriend]]
## by extension from ''he'': [[boyfriend]]
##: {{syn|ja|彼氏|tr1=kareshi}}

##: {{cot|ja|彼女|tr1=kanojo|t1=girlfriend}}
=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|boyfriend}} {{ja-r|彼氏|かれし}}


=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
{{der-top3}}
* {{ja-r|彼氏|かれし|boyfriend}}
* {{ja-r|彼氏|かれし|boyfriend}}
{{der-bottom}}
{{der-bottom}}

=====See also=====
{{Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives}}


===Etymology 3===
===Etymology 3===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|か|o1=の}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|か|o1=の}}
{{ja-see|かの}}
Compound of {{compound|lang=ja|sort=かの|彼|tr1=ka|t1=that, yon|の|tr2=no|pos2=possessive particle}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|yomi=k|かの|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}

====Alternative forms====
* {{l|ja|彼の}} {{qualifier|much more common}}

====Pronoun====
{{ja-pos|pronoun|かの}}

# [[distal]] [[demonstrative]], something far off [[removed]] from both speaker and listener: [[that]], [[yon]]
# third person pronoun: [[he]], [[she]], [[it]]

=====Usage notes=====
The term ''kano'' has been mostly replaced by {{ja-r|あの}} in modern Japanese. ''Kano'' is still in use, but is viewed as more [[formal]] and [[archaic]].<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
* {{ja-r|彼女|かのじょ|she; girlfriend}}
{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 4===
===Etymology 4===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|あ}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|あ}}
{{ja-see|あ}}
{{IPAchar|/ka/}} → {{IPAchar|/a/}}

Shift in pronunciation from ''ka'' above. Appears from the [[w:Heian period|Heian period]].<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|yomi=k|あ}}

====Pronoun====
{{ja-pos|pronoun|あ}}

# [[distal]] [[demonstrative]], something far off [[removed]] from both speaker and listener: [[that]], [[yon]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
* {{ja-r|彼の|あの|that [one] {{qualifier|as a modifier}}}}
* {{ja-r|彼|あれ|that [one] {{qualifier|as a noun}}}}
{{der-bottom}}

====See also====
* {{ja-l|此}}, {{ja-l|是}}, {{ja-l|之}} (''ko'', ''kore'')
* {{ja-l|其}} (''so'', ''sore'')


===Etymology 5===
===Etymology 5===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|あれ}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|あれ}}
{{ja-see|あれ}}
Compound of {{suffix|lang=ja|sort=あれ|彼|tr1=a|t1=that, yon|れ|tr2=re|pos2=nominalizing suffix for demonstratives}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|yomi=k|あれ|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR}}

====Pronoun====
{{ja-pos|pronoun|あれ}}

# [[distal]] [[demonstrative]], something far off [[removed]] from both speaker and listener: [[that]], [[yon]]
# third person pronoun: [[he]], [[she]], [[it]]
# second person pronoun: [[you]]
# a euphemism for sex: [[it]]

=====See also=====
* {{ja-l|此}}, {{ja-l|是}}, {{ja-l|之}} (''ko'', ''kore'')
* {{ja-l|其}} (''so'', ''sore'')

=====Usage notes=====
More often spelled in hiragana, as {{ja-l|あれ}}.


===References===
===References===
<references/>
<references/>

[[Category:Japanese basic words|かれ]]

----


==Korean==
==Korean==

===Etymology===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=피|-}} {{ltc-l|彼}}. {{hanja-hunmong|피〯|phi|雜語#하24A}}


===Hanja===
===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja|hangeul=피|eumhun=저, 그, 저쪽}}
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|저|피}}


# {{hanja form of|피|[[that]]; [[those]]}}
# {{defn|lang=ko|sort=彳05}}


====Compounds====
----
{{der-top3|Compounds}}{{ko-l/multi|data=
* {{ko-l/args|피변|彼邊}}
* {{ko-l/args|피아|彼我}}
* {{ko-l/args|피안|彼岸}}
* {{ko-l/args|피인|彼人}}
* {{ko-l/args|피일|彼日}}
* {{ko-l/args|피척|彼隻}}
* {{ko-l/args|지피|持彼}}
* {{ko-l/args|곡재피|曲在彼}}
* {{ko-l/args|어차피|於此彼}}
* {{ko-l/args|이차피|以此彼}}
* {{ko-l/args|어차어피|於此於彼}}
}}{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|3247}}


==Vietnamese==
==Vietnamese==


===Han character===
===Han character===
{{vi-hantu|[[bỉ]], [[bể]], [[bở]]|rs=彳05}}
{{vi-readings|reading=[[bỉ]], [[bể]], [[bở]]|rs=彳05}}


# {{defn|lang=vi|sort=彳05}}
# {{rfdef|vi|sort=彳05}}

====Compounds====
* {{vi-l-lite|彼嗇斯豐|bỉ sắc tư phong}}

Latest revision as of 20:27, 3 June 2024

彼 U+5F7C, &#24444;
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F7C
← 彻
[U+5F7B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 彽 →
[U+5F7D]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
(Chinese)
Stroke order
(Japan)

Han character

[edit]

彼 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹人木竹水 (HODHE), four-corner 24247, composition ⿰彳皮)

Derived characters

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 365, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10066
  • Dae Jaweon: page 685, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 817, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5F7C

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
陂 *pral, *prals
詖 *pral, *prals
彼 *pralʔ
柀 *pralʔ
佊 *pralʔ, *prals
貱 *prals
跛 *prals, *paːlʔ
披 *pʰral, *pʰralʔ
鈹 *pʰral
帔 *pʰral, *pʰrals
鮍 *pʰral
耚 *pʰral
狓 *pʰral
翍 *pʰral
旇 *pʰral, *brals
秛 *pʰral, *pʰrals
紴 *pʰralʔ, *paːl
皮 *bral
疲 *bral
被 *bralʔ, *brals
髲 *brals
鞁 *brals
骳 *mbralʔ
波 *paːl
碆 *paːl, *baːl
菠 *paːl
簸 *paːlʔ, *paːls
駊 *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ
頗 *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡 *pʰaːl
玻 *pʰaːl
破 *pʰaːls
婆 *baːl
蔢 *baːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pralʔ) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

Etymology 1

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 彼
alternative forms 佊

Related to 夫 (OC *pa, *ba, “that”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note:
  • 2pi - vernacular;
  • 2pe - literary.
    Rime
    Character 彼
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 支 (13)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 甫委切
    Baxter pjeX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pˠiᴇX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pᵚiɛX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/piɛX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/pjiə̆X/
    Li
    Rong         		/pjeX/
    Wang
    Li         		/pǐeX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pie̯X/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		bǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		bei2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 彼
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		bǐ
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pjeX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pajʔ/
    English that

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 彼
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 9690
    Phonetic
    component         		皮
    Rime
    group         		歌
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		彼
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pralʔ/

    Definitions

    [edit]

    彼

    1. (literary) that; those
    2. (literary) he; she; it
    Synonyms
    [edit]
    • (that):
    Dialectal synonyms of 那 (“that”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 彼, 其, 夫, 爾
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 那, 該
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 那
    Taiwan 那
    Chengde 那
    Chifeng 那
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 那
    Heihe 那
    Qiqihar 那
    Harbin 那
    Jiamusi 那
    Baicheng 那
    Changchun 那
    Tonghua 那
    Shenyang 那
    Jinzhou 那
    Malaysia 那
    Singapore 那
    Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 那
    Tangshan 那
    Cangzhou 那
    Baoding 那
    Shijiazhuang 那
    Lijin 那, 乜
    Jinan 那
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 那
    Dandong 那
    Yantai 那, 乜
    Yantai (Muping) 那
    Zhucheng 那, 乜
    Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 那
    Wanrong 𠰻, 兀3, 奈
    Linfen 兀
    Shangqiu 那
    Yuanyang 那
    Zhengzhou 那
    Xinyang 那
    Baihe 那
    Xi'an 兀3, 那
    Baoji 那
    Tianshui 那
    Xining 那
    Xuzhou 那
    Pizhou 那
    Lianyungang (Ganyu) 那
    Donghai 那
    Fuyang 那
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 那, 呶
    Lanzhou 那
    Dunhuang 那
    Hami 那
    Ürümqi 那
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 那
    Nanchong 那
    Dazhou 那
    Hanyuan 那
    Xichang 那
    Zigong 那
    Chongqing 那
    Wuhan 那
    Yichang 那
    Xiangyang 那
    Tianmen 那
    Guiyang 那
    Zunyi 那
    Bijie 那
    Liping 那
    Zhaotong 那
    Dali 那
    Kunming 那
    Mengzi 那
    Guilin 那
    Liuzhou 那
    Jishou 那
    Changde 那
    Hanzhong 那
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 那
    Yangzhou 那
    Baoying 那
    Taizhou 那
    Zhenjiang 那
    Lianyungang 那
    Huai'an (Huaiyin) 那
    Lianshui 那
    Nantong 葛
    Rugao 那
    Yancheng 那
    Funing 那
    Sihong 那
    Wuhu 那, 顧
    Hefei 那
    Hong'an 那
    Cantonese Guangzhou 嗰
    Hong Kong 嗰
    Macau 嗰
    Taishan 嚀, 𡃕
    Dongguan 嗰
    Yangjiang 那
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 嗰
    Singapore (Guangfu) 嗰
    Gan Nanchang 許
    Nanchang (Wangcheng) 許
    Anyi 爾
    Lushan 爾
    Pengze 爾
    Duchang 爾
    Wuning (Quankou) 爾
    Poyang 爾
    Yugan 爾
    Wannian 那
    Hengfeng 爾
    Yanshan 爾
    Leping 恁
    Fengxin 許
    Wanzai 許
    Fengcheng 許
    Xinyu 許
    Fuzhou (Shangdundu) 恁
    Fuzhou (Dongxiang) 恁
    Nancheng 階
    Nanfeng 許
    Yihuang 里
    Lichuan 許
    Chongren 許
    Pingxiang 恁
    Ji'an 改
    Yongfeng 蓋
    Xiajiang 許
    Yingtan (Yujiang) 里
    Guixi 許
    Jinxian 恁
    Jinxi 恁
    Le'an 許
    Guangchang 該
    Anfu 改
    Wan'an 介
    Jing'an 許
    Hakka Changting 解
    Shanghang 介
    Wuping 解
    Liancheng 解
    Qingliu 介
    Yudu 界
    Shangyou (Shexi) 界
    Dayu 密
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 該
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 該
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 該
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 該
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 該
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 遐
    Hong Kong 哎
    Kuching (Hepo) 嗰
    Huizhou Jixi 那
    Shexian 那
    Wuyuan 箇
    Fuliang 爾
    Jin Taiyuan 兀3, 那
    Yangyuan 那
    Datong 那
    Xinzhou 𠰻
    Lüliang (Lishi) 那, 𠰻
    Changzhi 那
    Linhe 那
    Jining 那
    Hohhot 那
    Erenhot 那
    Pingshan 那
    Zhangjiakou 那
    Handan 那
    Suide 那
    Northern Min Jian'ou 兀4
    Songxi 兀4
    Zhenghe 兀4
    Jianyang 兀4
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 許
    Fuzhou (Changle) 許
    Lianjiang 許
    Fuqing 許
    Pingtan 許
    Yongtai 許
    Minqing 許
    Gutian 許
    Pingnan 許
    Luoyuan 許
    Fu'an 許
    Xiapu 許
    Zherong 那
    Shouning 許
    Zhouning 許
    Fuding 許
    Singapore (Fuqing) 許
    Southern Min Xiamen 彼, 許
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 彼
    Quanzhou 彼, 許
    Jinjiang 彼
    Nan'an 彼
    Shishi 彼
    Hui'an 彼
    Anxi 彼
    Yongchun 彼
    Dehua 彼
    Zhangzhou 彼, 許
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 彼
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 彼
    Hua'an 彼
    Nanjing 彼
    Pinghe 彼
    Zhangpu 彼
    Yunxiao 彼
    Zhao'an 彼
    Dongshan 彼
    Taipei 彼
    Kaohsiung 彼
    Penghu (Xiyu) 那
    Singapore (Hokkien) 彼
    Manila (Hokkien) 彼, 許
    Datian 彼
    Chaozhou 許
    Shantou 許
    Haifeng 許
    Singapore (Teochew) 許
    Batam (Teochew) 許
    Wenchang 許
    Singapore (Hainanese) 許
    Shaojiang Min Guangze 兀4
    Mingxi 兀4
    Wu Shanghai 埃, 伊
    Shanghai (Songjiang) 威
    Shanghai (Chongming) 艾, 港, 葛 also this
    Suzhou 歸
    Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) 介面
    Wuxi 過
    Changshu 過
    Changzhou 過
    Danyang 過
    Nanjing (Zhongbao, Gaochun) 古
    Wenzhou 許
    Shangrao 麼
    Yushan 忽
    Xiang Changsha 那
    Shuangfeng 喏
    • (he):
    Dialectal synonyms of 他 (“he”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 伊1, 彼, 其, 厥, 渠, 夫, 之 object, 乃
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 他
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 他, 怹 honorific
    Taiwan 他
    Chengde 他
    Ulanhot 他
    Tongliao 他
    Chifeng 他
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 他
    Heihe 他
    Qiqihar 他
    Harbin 他
    Jiamusi 他
    Baicheng 他
    Changchun 他
    Tonghua 他
    Shenyang 他
    Jinzhou 他
    Malaysia 他
    Singapore 他
    Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 他
    Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 他
    Tangshan 他
    Cangzhou 他
    Lijin 他
    Weifang (Weicheng) 他
    Weifang (Fangzi) 他
    Changle 他
    Shouguang 他
    Wulian 他
    Jinan 他
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 他
    Dandong 他
    Yantai 他
    Yantai (Muping) 他
    Qingdao 他
    Weifang (Hanting) 他
    Changyi 他
    Gaomi 他
    Zhucheng 他
    Anqiu 他
    Linqu 他
    Qingzhou 他
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 他
    Lingbao 他
    Wanrong 他, 伢
    Linfen 他
    Shangqiu 他
    Yuanyang 他
    Zhengzhou 他
    Xinyang 他
    Baihe 他
    Xi'an 他
    Dingbian 他
    Baoji 他
    Tianshui 他
    Xining 家, 他
    Xuzhou 他
    Pizhou 他
    Lianyungang (Ganyu) 他
    Donghai 他
    Fuyang 他
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 他
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 他
    Bayanhot 他
    Lanzhou 他, 那
    Dunhuang 他
    Hami 他
    Ürümqi 他
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 他
    Nanchong 他
    Dazhou 他
    Hanyuan 他
    Xichang 他
    Zigong 他
    Chongqing 他
    Wuhan 他, 他家
    Yichang 他
    Xiangyang 他
    Tianmen 他
    Guiyang 他
    Zunyi 他
    Bijie 他
    Liping 他
    Zhaotong 他
    Dali 他
    Kunming 他
    Mengzi 他
    Guilin 他
    Liuzhou 他
    Nanning (Xiakuojie) 他
    Nanning (Fujian) 他
    Nanning (Wuming) 他
    Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming) 他
    Binyang (Nanjie) 他
    Jishou 他
    Changde 他
    Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 他
    Hanzhong 他
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 他
    Yangzhou 他
    Baoying 他
    Taizhou 他
    Zhenjiang 他
    Lianyungang 他
    Huai'an (Huaiyin) 他
    Lianshui 他
    Xuyi 他
    Xinghua 他
    Nantong 他
    Rugao 他
    Yancheng 他
    Funing 他
    Sihong 他
    Anqing 他
    Wuhu 他
    Hefei 他
    Hong'an 他
    Mandarin Qinzhou (Longmengang) 他
    Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) 他
    Nanping (Yanping) 他
    Cantonese Guangzhou 佢
    Hong Kong 佢
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 佢
    Hong Kong (Shek Pik Weitou) 佢
    Macau 佢
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 佢
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 佢
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 佢
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 佢
    Foshan 佢
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 佢
    Foshan (Shunde) 佢
    Foshan (Sanshui) 佢
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 佢
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 佢
    Zhongshan (Huancheng) 佢
    Zhongshan (Nanlang) 佢
    Zhongshan (Xiaolan) 佢
    Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) 佢
    Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) 佢
    Zhongshan (Henglan) 佢
    Zhongshan (Dongfeng) 佢
    Zhongshan (Nantou) 佢
    Zhongshan (Fusha) 佢
    Zhongshan (Shalang) 佢
    Zhongshan (Gangkou) 佢
    Zhongshan (Huangpu) 佢
    Zhongshan (Sanjiao) 佢
    Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) 佢
    Zhongshan (Minzhong) 佢
    Zhongshan (Guzhen) 佢
    Zhongshan (Banfu) 佢
    Zhongshan (Tanzhou) 佢
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 佢
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 佢
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 佢
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 佢
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 佢
    Taishan 佢
    Taishan (Guanghai) 佢
    Kaiping (Chikan) 佢
    Enping (Niujiang) 佢
    Heshan (Yayao) 佢
    Dongguan 佢
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 佢
    Shenzhen (Dapeng) 佢
    Shenzhen (Pingdong, Longgang; Shehua) 其
    Shenzhen (Pingshan Zhanmi) 佢
    Qingyuan 佢
    Fogang 佢
    Yingde (Hanguang) 佢
    Yangshan 佢
    Lianshan (Butian) 佢
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 佢
    Shaoguan 佢
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 佢
    Renhua 佢
    Lechang 佢
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 佢
    Sihui 佢
    Guangning 佢
    Deqing 佢
    Huaiji 佢
    Fengkai (Nanfeng) 佢
    Yunfu 佢
    Xinxing 佢
    Luoding 佢
    Yunan (Pingtai) 佢
    Yangjiang 佢
    Xinyi 佢
    Lianjiang 佢
    Nanning 佢
    Wuzhou 佢
    Yulin 佢
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 佢
    Baise 佢
    Qinzhou 佢
    Beihai 佢
    Beihai (Nankang) 佢
    Beihai (Yingpan) 佢
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 佢
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 佢
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 佢
    Danzhou 佢
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 佢
    Penang (Guangfu) 佢
    Singapore (Guangfu) 佢
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 佢
    Móng Cái 佢
    Yangon (Taishan) 佢
    Mandalay (Taishan) 佢
    Gan Nanchang 渠
    Nanchang (Wangcheng) 渠
    Anyi 渠仂
    Lushan 渠
    Pengze 渠
    Duchang 渠, 渠儂
    Wuning (Quankou) 渠
    Poyang 渠
    Yugan 渠, 渠郎
    Wannian 渠
    Hengfeng 渠, 渠仂
    Yanshan 渠, 渠仂
    Leping 渠
    Yichun 渠
    Yifeng 渠
    Gao'an 渠
    Fengxin 渠
    Shanggao 渠
    Wanzai 渠
    Fengcheng 渠
    Xinyu 渠
    Fuzhou (Shangdundu) 渠
    Fuzhou (Dongxiang) 渠仂
    Nancheng 渠
    Nanfeng 渠仂, 渠
    Yihuang 渠
    Lichuan 渠
    Chongren 渠
    Pingxiang 他
    Lianhua 渠
    Ji'an 渠
    Yongfeng 渠
    Taihe 渠
    Xiajiang 渠
    Yongxin 渠
    Yingtan (Yujiang) 渠
    Guixi 渠, 渠仂
    Jianning 使
    Jinxian 渠
    Jinxi 渠
    Le'an 渠
    Guangchang 渠
    Anfu 渠
    Suichuan 渠
    Wan'an 渠
    Jing'an 渠
    Zhangshu 渠
    Xingan 渠
    Fenyi 渠
    Hakka Meixian 佢
    Xingning 佢
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 佢
    Huidong (Daling) 佢
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 佢
    Boluo (Bendihua) 佢
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 佢
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 佢
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 佢
    Wuhua (Meilin) 佢
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 佢
    Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 佢
    Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 佢
    Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 佢
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 佢
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 佢
    Liannan 佢
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 佢
    Jiexi 佢
    Changting 佢
    Shanghang 佢
    Longyan (Yongding) 佢
    Wuping 佢
    Wuping (Pingyu) 佢
    Liancheng 佢
    Ninghua 佢
    Qingliu 佢
    Yudu 佢
    Ruijin 佢
    Shicheng 佢
    Shangyou (Shexi) 佢
    Ganzhou (Nankang) 佢
    Dingnan 佢
    Longnan 佢
    Xunwu 佢
    Huichang 佢
    Chongyi 佢
    Xingguo 佢
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 佢
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 佢
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 佢
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 佢
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 佢
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 佢
    Hong Kong 佢
    Luchuan 佢
    Bobai (Shahe) 佢
    Bobai (Longtan) 佢
    Bobai (Lingping) 佢
    Bobai (Lingjiao) 佢
    Sabah (Longchuan) 佢
    Senai (Huiyang) 佢
    Kuching (Hepo) 佢
    Singkawang 佢
    Bangkok (Meixian) 佢
    Huizhou Jixi 渠, 渠仂
    Dexing 渠
    Chun'an (Qiandaohu) 渠
    Jiande (Meicheng) 渠
    Jiande (Shouchang) 渠, 渠儂
    Jin Taiyuan 他
    Yangyuan 他
    Datong 他
    Xinzhou 他
    Lüliang (Lishi) 他
    Changzhi 他
    Taibus (Baochang) 他
    Linhe 他
    Jining 他
    Hohhot 他
    Baotou 他
    Dongsheng 他
    Haibowan 他
    Erenhot 他
    Pingshan 他
    Zhangjiakou 他
    Handan 他
    Linzhou 他
    Suide 他
    Northern Min Jian'ou 渠
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 渠
    Songxi 渠
    Zhenghe 渠
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 渠
    Jianyang 渠
    Pucheng (Shibei) 渠
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 伊1
    Fuzhou (Changle) 伊1
    Lianjiang 伊1
    Fuqing 伊1
    Pingtan 伊1
    Yongtai 伊1
    Minqing 伊1
    Gutian 伊1
    Pingnan 伊1
    Luoyuan 伊1
    Fu'an 伊1
    Ningde 伊1
    Xiapu 伊1
    Zherong 伊1
    Shouning 伊1
    Zhouning 伊1
    Fuding 伊1
    Matsu 伊1
    Taishun 伊1
    Cangnan 伊1
    Sitiawan (Gutian) 伊1
    Southern Min Xiamen 伊1
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 伊1
    Quanzhou 伊1
    Jinjiang 伊1
    Nan'an 伊1
    Shishi 伊1
    Hui'an 伊1
    Anxi 伊1
    Yongchun 伊1
    Dehua 伊1
    Zhangzhou 伊1
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 伊1
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 伊1
    Hua'an 伊1
    Nanjing 伊1
    Pinghe 伊1
    Zhangpu 伊1
    Yunxiao 伊1
    Zhao'an 伊1
    Dongshan 伊1
    Taipei 伊1
    Taipei (Wanhua) 伊1
    Kaohsiung 伊1
    Kaohsiung (Cijin) 伊1
    Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 伊1
    Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 伊1
    Yilan 伊1
    Changhua (Lukang) 伊1
    Taichung 伊1
    Taichung (Wuqi) 伊1
    Tainan 伊1
    Taitung 伊1
    Hsinchu 伊1
    Kinmen 伊1
    Penghu (Magong) 伊1
    Penang (Hokkien) 伊1
    Singapore (Hokkien) 伊1
    Manila (Hokkien) 伊1
    Medan (Hokkien) 伊1
    Longyan 伊1
    Zhangping 伊1
    Datian 伊1
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 他, 伊1
    Guilin (Biyange) 伊1
    Cangnan 伊1
    Chaozhou 伊1
    Shantou 伊1
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 伊1
    Jieyang 伊1
    Haifeng 伊1
    Bangkok (Teochew) 伊1
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 伊1
    Singapore (Teochew) 伊1
    Pontianak (Teochew) 伊1
    Leizhou 伊1
    Wenchang 伊1
    Haikou 伊1
    Qionghai 伊1
    Singapore (Hainanese) 伊1
    Puxian Min Putian 伊1
    Xianyou 伊1
    Central Min Yong'an 渠
    Sanming (Sanyuan) 渠
    Sanming (Shaxian) 渠
    Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) 渠
    Shaojiang Min Shaowu 𠇼
    Guangze 𠇼
    Jiangle 渠
    Mingxi 渠
    Shunchang 渠
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 伊1
    Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 伊1
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 佢
    Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 他
    Shehua Jingning (Hexi) 渠
    Wu Shanghai 伊2
    Shanghai (Songjiang) 是渠, 實渠, 渠
    Shanghai (Jiading) 伊2
    Shanghai (Chongming) 伊2
    Suzhou 俚, 俚倷, 唔倷
    Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) 伊2, 伊奴
    Wuxi 佗
    Changshu 伊2
    Nantong (Haimen) 他, 伊2
    Jiaxing 伊內
    Jiashan 伊2, 伊儂
    Pinghu 伊儂
    Haining (Yanguan) 伊2
    Tongxiang 伊2, 夷儂
    Haiyan 伊2, 葉內, 候內
    Changzhou 佗
    Danyang 他
    Nanjing (Gaochun) 他
    Huzhou 是其
    Changxing 是夷, 夷
    Anji 其
    Deqing 夷
    Hangzhou 他
    Hangzhou (Yuhang) 夷, 其
    Hangzhou (Lin'an) 夷, 是夷, 其
    Hangzhou (Fuyang) 夷, 是夷
    Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) 夷
    Tonglu 夷, 是夷
    Tonglu (Wusheng) 夷, 他
    Shaoxing 夷
    Zhuji 其
    Shengzhou 夷
    Xinchang 其
    Ningbo 渠, 渠儂
    Ningbo (Zhenhai) 其
    Ningbo (Fenghua) 其
    Yuyao 渠
    Cixi 渠
    Xiangshan 其, 像其
    Ninghai 其, 其儂
    Zhoushan 其
    Taizhou (Huangyan) 渠
    Tiantai 渠
    Xianju 渠
    Sanmen 渠
    Linhai 渠
    Wenling 渠
    Wenzhou 渠
    Yueqing 渠
    Yongjia (Fenglin) 渠
    Rui'an 渠
    Pingyang 渠
    Taishun 其
    Wencheng 渠
    Lishui 渠
    Qingtian 渠
    Jinyun 渠
    Wuyi (Liucheng) 渠
    Songyang (Xiping) 渠
    Yunhe 他, 其
    Jingning 他, 渠
    Qingyuan 渠
    Longquan 渠
    Quzhou 渠
    Suichang 渠
    Jiangshan 渠
    Changshan 渠
    Kaihua 渠
    Longyou 渠, 渠儂
    Jinhua 渠
    Jinhua (Tangxi) 渠, 渠儂
    Yiwu 渠
    Yongkang 渠
    Pujiang 其, 徐
    Dongyang 渠
    Wuyi 渠
    Lanxi 渠, 渠儂
    Xiang Changsha 他
    Loudi 他
    Shuangfeng 他
    Quanzhou 他
    Note In spoken language, Chinese varieties in general do not distinguish gender/animacy in the third-person pronoun; distinctions are only sometimes made in writing.
    佢 is commonly used in Yue, Hakka and Pinghua, while 渠 is more common in other varieties
    Antonyms
    [edit]
    • (antonym(s) of “that”): 此 (cǐ)
    Descendants
    [edit]
    Sino-Xenic (彼):
    • → Japanese: 彼(ひ) (hi)
    • → Korean: 피(彼) (pi)
    • → Vietnamese: bỉ (彼)

    Compounds

    [edit]

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    Related to 許／许 (hí, hír, “that”); see there for more.

    Pronunciation 2 is a fusion word of 許／许 (hí, hír, “that”) + 一 (it, “one”); compare Mandarin 那 (nèi), from 那 (nà, “that”) + 一 (yī, “one”) (Mei and Yang, 1995).

    Pronunciation 1

    [edit]
    simp. and trad.
    		 彼
    alternative forms 許／许
    赫
    Definitions
    [edit]

    彼

    1. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that (demonstrative pronoun)
      這是阮老母，彼是阮老爸。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
      这是阮老母，彼是阮老爸。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
      Che sī goán lāu-bó, he sī goán lāu-pē. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      This is my mother, and that is my father.
    Synonyms
    [edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 那個 (“that; that one”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 那個
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 那個
    Taiwan 那個
    Harbin 那個
    Singapore 那個
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 那個
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 那個
    Wanrong 兀個
    Xi'an 兀個, 奈個
    Xining 奈個
    Xuzhou 那個
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 那個
    Ürümqi 那個
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 那個
    Wuhan 那個
    Guiyang 那個
    Liuzhou 那個
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 那個
    Yangzhou 那個
    Hefei 那個
    Cantonese Guangzhou 嗰個
    Hong Kong 嗰個
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 嗰個
    Macau 嗰個
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 嗰個, 嚕個
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 個個
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 嗰隻
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 嗰個
    Foshan 嗰個
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 嚕個
    Foshan (Shunde) 嚕個
    Foshan (Sanshui) 嗰個
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 嗰個
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 呶個
    Zhongshan (Huancheng) 呶個
    Zhongshan (Nanlang) 呶個
    Zhongshan (Xiaolan) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Henglan) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Dongfeng) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Nantou) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Fusha) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Shalang) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Gangkou) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Sanjiao) 嗰個
    Zhongshan (Guzhen) 嚀個
    Zhongshan (Banfu) 嚕個
    Zhongshan (Tanzhou) 嚕個
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 嗰個
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 嗰個
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 嚀個
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 嚀個
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 嚀個
    Taishan 𡃕個, 嚀個
    Kaiping (Chikan) 嚀個
    Enping (Niujiang) 嚀個
    Dongguan 嗰個
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 嗰個
    Qingyuan 嗰個
    Fogang 嗰個
    Yingde (Hanguang) 嗰個
    Yangshan 嗰拉
    Shaoguan 嗰個
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 嗰個
    Renhua 嗰個
    Lechang 嗰個
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 那個
    Sihui 嗰個, 嗰呢
    Guangning 嗰呢
    Deqing 阿個
    Yunfu 嗰個
    Luoding 嗰個
    Yunan (Pingtai) 阿個
    Yangjiang 那個
    Xinyi 那隻
    Maoming (Xinpo) 那隻
    Singapore (Guangfu) 嗰個
    Gan Lichuan 那個
    Pingxiang 那個
    Hakka Meixian 該個, 該隻
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 蓋隻
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 哎隻
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 蓋隻
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 伊隻
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 蓋隻
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 該個, 該隻
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 該個, 該隻
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 該個, 該隻
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 該個
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 該個, 該隻
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 遐個, 遐隻
    Huizhou Jixi 那個
    Jin Taiyuan 兀個, 那個
    Northern Min Jian'ou 兀隻
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 許隻, 許一隻, 許回
    Southern Min Xiamen 彼個
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 彼個
    Quanzhou 彼個, 响個
    Jinjiang 彼個, 响個
    Nan'an 彼個
    Shishi 彼個
    Hui'an 彼個
    Anxi 彼個
    Yongchun 彼個
    Dehua 彼個
    Zhangzhou 彼個
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 彼個
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 彼個
    Hua'an 彼個
    Nanjing 彼個
    Pinghe 彼個
    Zhangpu 彼個
    Yunxiao 彼個
    Zhao'an 彼個
    Dongshan 彼個
    Taipei 彼個
    Kaohsiung 彼個
    Yilan 彼個
    Changhua (Lukang) 彼個
    Taichung 彼個
    Taichung (Wuqi) 彼個
    Tainan 彼
    Taitung 彼個
    Hsinchu 彼個
    Kinmen 彼個
    Penghu (Magong) 彼個
    Singapore (Hokkien) 彼個
    Manila (Hokkien) 彼個, 响個
    Datian 彼個
    Chaozhou 許個
    Shantou 許個
    Shantou (Chenghai) 許個
    Jieyang 許個
    Singapore (Teochew) 許個
    Batam (Teochew) 許個
    Wenchang 許個, 許枚
    Haikou 許個, 許枚
    Singapore (Hainanese) 許個, 許枚
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 許個
    Wu Shanghai 埃個, 伊個
    Shanghai (Songjiang) 威個
    Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong) 伊個
    Shanghai (Fengxian) 哀一個
    Shanghai (Qingpu) 哀一個
    Shanghai (Jiading) 一格
    Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) 葛個, 伊個, 接個
    Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) 伊個
    Shanghai (Chongming) 格個, 哀個
    Suzhou 歸格
    Hangzhou 那個, 那葛
    Wenzhou 海個
    Xiang Changsha 那個, 那隻
    Loudi 那個
    Shuangfeng 喏個

    Pronunciation 2

    [edit]
    simp. and trad.
    		 彼
    alternative forms 許／许
    迄
    Definitions
    [edit]

    彼

    1. (Southern Min) that (demonstrative determiner)
      彼本冊／彼本册 [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  hit pún chheh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  that book

    Further reading

    [edit]

    Japanese

    [edit]

    Kanji

    [edit]
    彼

    (Jōyō kanji)

    Readings

    [edit]

    Compounds

    [edit]
    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    彼
    か
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi

    From Old Japanese.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Pronoun

    [edit]

    彼(か) • (ka) 

    1. distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
    Derived terms
    [edit]
    Derived terms
    • 彼(かの) (kano), 彼(か)の (kano, “his; that”)
    • 彼(かれ) (kare, “he”)
    See also
    [edit]
    Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives
    a-/wa-
    “I, we”
    (first person)         		na-/-ma-
    “you, ye, thou”
    (second person)         		k-
    “this”
    (close to speaker)         		s-
    “that”
    (close to listener)         		a-/ka-
    “that over there”
    (far from both)         		i-/ta-/nani-
    “who, what, where, how, when”
    (interrogative)         		ono-
    “oneself”
    (reflexive)
    Person あ (a)
    あれ (are)
    わ (wa)
    われ (ware)
    まろ (maro)     		な (na)
    なれ (nare)
    なんぢ (nanji)
    まし (mashi)
    いまし (imashi)
    みまし (mimashi)
    きみ (kimi)     		こ (ko)
    これ (kore)     		そ (so)
    それ (sore)     		あ (a)
    あれ (are)
    か (ka)
    かれ (kare)     		た (ta)
    たれ (tare)
    なにがし (nanigashi)     		おの (ono)
    おのれ (onore)
    Thing こ (ko)
    これ (kore)     		そ (so)
    それ (sore)     		あ (a)
    あれ (are)
    か (ka)
    かれ (kare)     		いづれ (izure)
    なに (nani)
    Location ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あしこ (ashiko)
    かしこ (kashiko)     		いづく (izuku)
    いづこ (izuko)
    いどこ (idoko)
    どこ (doko)
    Direction こち (kochi)
    こなた (konata)     		そち (sochi)
    そなた (sonata)     		あち (achi)
    あなた (anata)
    かなた (kanata)     		いづち (izuchi)
    いづら (izura)
    いづかた (izukata)
    Manner か (ka)
    かく (kaku)
    かくて (kakute)
    かう (kō)     		さ (sa)
    さて (sate)
    しか (shika)     		いか (ika)
    Time いつ (itsu)

    Etymology 2

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    彼
    かれ
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spelling
    儂 (rare)

    From Old Japanese. Compound of 彼 (ka, “that, yon”) +‎ れ (-re, nominalizing suffix for demonstratives). Found in the Man'yōshū compiled around 759.

    The sense development seems to have proceeded from "that thing over there" to "that person over there [of indeterminate gender]". The specifically male sense of "he" only arose later during the late Edo period and early Meiji period, influenced by translations of texts from European languages.[2][1]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Pronoun

    [edit]

    彼(かれ) • (kare) 

    1. distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
    2. third person pronoun: he, she
      1. particularly, male personal third person pronoun: he
        Coordinate term: 彼女 (kanojo, “she”)
      2. by extension from he: boyfriend
        Synonym: 彼氏 (kareshi)
        Coordinate term: 彼女 (kanojo, “girlfriend”)
    Derived terms
    [edit]
    Derived terms
    See also
    [edit]
    Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives
    a-/wa-
    “I, we”
    (first person)         		na-/-ma-
    “you, ye, thou”
    (second person)         		k-
    “this”
    (close to speaker)         		s-
    “that”
    (close to listener)         		a-/ka-
    “that over there”
    (far from both)         		i-/ta-/nani-
    “who, what, where, how, when”
    (interrogative)         		ono-
    “oneself”
    (reflexive)
    Person あ (a)
    あれ (are)
    わ (wa)
    われ (ware)
    まろ (maro)     		な (na)
    なれ (nare)
    なんぢ (nanji)
    まし (mashi)
    いまし (imashi)
    みまし (mimashi)
    きみ (kimi)     		こ (ko)
    これ (kore)     		そ (so)
    それ (sore)     		あ (a)
    あれ (are)
    か (ka)
    かれ (kare)     		た (ta)
    たれ (tare)
    なにがし (nanigashi)     		おの (ono)
    おのれ (onore)
    Thing こ (ko)
    これ (kore)     		そ (so)
    それ (sore)     		あ (a)
    あれ (are)
    か (ka)
    かれ (kare)     		いづれ (izure)
    なに (nani)
    Location ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あしこ (ashiko)
    かしこ (kashiko)     		いづく (izuku)
    いづこ (izuko)
    いどこ (idoko)
    どこ (doko)
    Direction こち (kochi)
    こなた (konata)     		そち (sochi)
    そなた (sonata)     		あち (achi)
    あなた (anata)
    かなた (kanata)     		いづち (izuchi)
    いづら (izura)
    いづかた (izukata)
    Manner か (ka)
    かく (kaku)
    かくて (kakute)
    かう (kō)     		さ (sa)
    さて (sate)
    しか (shika)     		いか (ika)
    Time いつ (itsu)

    Etymology 3

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    彼
    か(の)
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 彼 – see the following entry.
    【かの】
    [adnominal] that [one] (distant from both speaker and listener)
    [pronoun] (obsolete) you-know-who, you-know-what
    Alternative spelling
    彼の
    (This term, 彼, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 4

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    彼
    あ
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 彼 – see the following entry.
    【あ】
    [pronoun] distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
    (This term, 彼, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 5

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    彼
    あれ
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 彼 – see the following entry.
    【あれ】
    [pronoun] distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
    [pronoun] (deictically) that one over there (far from the speaker and the addressee)
    [pronoun] (anaphorically) that one we both know (both the speaker and the addressee know)
    [pronoun] (chiefly derogatory) third-person personal pronoun: he, she, that person
    [pronoun] you-know-what; a thing whose name the speaker does not want to mention
    [pronoun] sex
    [pronoun] cockroach
    [pronoun] (archaic) second-person pronoun: you
    [interjection] huh? (expression of surprise and confusion when talking to yourself)
    Alternative spelling
    彼れ
    (This term, 彼, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    References

    [edit]
    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Korean

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese 彼 (MC pjeX). Recorded as Middle Korean 피〯 (phǐ) (Yale: phi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja

    [edit]
    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    彼 (eumhun 저 피 (jeo pi))

    1. hanja form? of 피 (“that; those”)

    Compounds

    [edit]
    Compounds

    References

    [edit]
    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese

    [edit]

    Han character

    [edit]

    彼: Hán Nôm readings: bỉ, bể, bở

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Compounds

    [edit]
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=彼&oldid=80117162"