Editing 正月

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|first; principal}}

===Etymology===
According to {{w|Guangyun}} ([https://ctext.org/text.pl?node=296930&if=en#n296938]) and {{w|Zhu Xi}} ({{lw|zh|朱熹}}) ([https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&file=9216&page=85]), the character {{lang|zh|正}} here was originally pronounced ''zhèng'' (like {{zh-l|*政}}); according to Zhang Shoujie ({{lang|zh|張守節}}); its special pronunciation ''zhēng'' (like {{zh-l|*征}}) originated from the {{w|naming taboo}} on {{w|Qin Shi Huang}}'s real name {{lang|zh|嬴'''政'''}} (Yíng '''Zhèng''') ([https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&res=710475&searchu=%E6%AD%A3%E9%9F%B3%E6%94%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A3%E5%BB%BA%E5%AD%90%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%9F%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87%E4%BB%A5%E6%AD%A3%E6%9C%88%E6%97%A6%E7%94%9F%E6%96%BC%E8%B6%99%E5%9B%A0%E7%82%BA%E6%94%BF%E5%BE%8C%E4%BB%A5%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87%E8%AB%B1%E6%95%85%E9%9F%B3%E5%BE%81]).

{{zh-ref|Sagart (2023)}} instead proposes that actually {{lang|zh|正}} here wrote {{och-l|隻|tr=*tek|one }}, in context where the latter's coda *''-k'' had been nasalized by the onset of {{och-l|月|tr=*[ŋ]ʷat}}. He reconstructs underlying *''tek-ŋʷat'', whence *''teŋ-ŋʷat'', whose appropriate readable form was {{lang|zh|正月}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=zhēngyuè
|m-s=zen1yue2
|dg=җын1йүә2
|c=zing1 jyut6
|ca=LL-Q9186 (yue)-Luilui6666-正月.wav
|g=zang1 nyyot
|h=pfs=châng-ngie̍t;hrs=h:zhangˋ ngiedˋ;gd=zang1 ngiad6
|md=ciăng-nguŏk
|mn=kh:chiaⁿ--goe̍h/qz,sg:chiaⁿ-ge̍rh/tp:chiaⁿ--ge̍h/xm,ph,sg:chiaⁿ-ge̍h/zz,sg:chiaⁿ-goe̍h
|mn-t=zian1 ghuêh8
|w=sh:1tsen yuq,1tsen yoq
|ma=Zh-zhengyuè.ogg
|mc=1,1
|oc=1,1;1,1
|cat=n
}}

===Noun===
{{head|zh|noun}}

# the [[first]] [[month]] of the [[Chinese]] [[lunar calendar]]
#* {{zh-x|正{zhēng}月 季春 元日 乙丑：余 畜 孫 ^書 也 擇 其 吉金 以 作 鑄 缶 。|In the third month of spring, '''first month''' (of the year), first day of Yichou, I the pious grandson, Shu, selected those solid metals to cast a fou-barrel.|CL-PC|ref='''circa 6th century BCE''', Inscription on {{lang|zh|欒書缶}} [http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Zhou/personsluanshu.html Luan Shu]'s fou, transcribed and translated by Caboara (2010:12).<ref>{{cite-thesis|last= Caboara|first=Marco|title= The particle ye 也 and related constructions in the Guodian manuscripts of IV century BCE|year= 2010|type= PhD|publisher= University of Washington|place= Seattle|url= https://www.academia.edu/10467319/The_particle_ye_%E4%B9%9F_and_related_constructions_in_the_Guodian_manuscripts_of_IV_century_BCE}}</ref>}}
#* {{zh-x|正{zhēng}月 繁 霜、我 心 憂傷。|In the '''first month''' the hoar-frost abounds, and my heart is wounded with sorrow.|ref=Shijing}}
#* {{zh-x|正{zhēng}月 蜂 相{xiāng} 見，非-時 鳥 共 聞。|In the '''first month''' bees appear; unseasonable, different birds heard at the same time.|ref='''8th century CE''', {{lw|zh|杜甫}} ({{w|Du Fu}})《南楚》"In the South, Chu"; translated by Owen (2017)}}
# {{lb|zh|Xiamen Hokkien}} [[first]] [[three]] [[day]]s of the [[first]] [[month]] of the [[Chinese]] [[lunar calendar]]
# {{lb|zh|dated}} [[January]]

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|first month}} {{zh-l|陬月}}, {{zh-l|寅月}}, {{zh-l|端月}}, {{zh-l|元月}}, {{zh-l|初月}}, {{zh-l|嘉月}}, {{zh-l|開歲}}, {{zh-l|新正}}, {{zh-l|隅月}}, {{zh-l|孟月}}, {{zh-l|始春}}, {{zh-l|元春}}
* {{sense|first three days}} {{q|Hokkien}} {{zh-l|正月正頭}}, {{zh-l|正月正時}}

====Derived terms====
{{col3|zh|正月初一|正月十五|正月正頭|大正月|正月頭|正月酒|正月正時}}

====See also====
* ''Month of the Year:'' {{zh-l|正月}}
** '''Previous:''' {{zh-l|臘月}}
** '''Next:''' {{zh-l|杏月}}

===References===
<references/>

{{cat|cmn|Advanced Mandarin}}
{{C|zh|Chinese months}}

==Japanese==
{{ja-kanjitab|しょう|がつ|yomi=o}}

===Alternative forms===
* {{ja-r|お正月|お-しょうがつ}}

===Etymology===
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|正月|id=1,1}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{ja-pron|しょうがつ|acc=4|acc2=0|acc_ref=NHK|acc2_ref=NHK}}

===Noun===
{{ja-noun|しょうがつ}}

# [[January]]
# [[New Year]]

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|New Year}}
** {{ja-r|元旦|がんたん}}: [[New Year's Day]]
** {{ja-r|元日|がんじつ}}: [[New Year's Day]]

====Coordinate terms====
* {{ja-r|初詣|はつもうで}}
* {{ja-r|初日の出|はつひので}}
* {{ja-r|門松|かどまつ}}
* {{ja-r|御御籤|おみくじ}}
* {{ja-r|年賀状|ねんがじょう}}

===References===
<references/>

{{C|ja|Holidays|New Year}}

==Korean==
{{ko-hanjatab}}

===Noun===
{{ko-noun|hj|hangeul=정월}}

# {{hanja form of|정월|the first month of the traditional Korean calendar}}