澗: difference between revisions

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→‎Compounds: ===Compounds=== 澗池
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{{also|涧}}
{{also|涧}}
{{character info/new}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==
==Translingual==


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====References====
====References====
* {{Han ref|kx=0652.321|dj=1060.030|hdz=80024.140|uh=6F97|ud=28567|bh=BCEE|bd=48366}}
{{Han ref|kx=0652.321|dj=1060.030|hdz=80024.140|uh=6F97}}

----


==Chinese==
==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|s=涧|alt=㵎}}
{{zh-forms|s=涧|alt=㵎,𡼥,𡼏,礀,磵,𧯎,𧯑}}


===Glyph origin===
===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|水|閒|c1=s|c2=p|t1=water|ls=psc}}

===Etymology===
For the Hokkien sense of "alleyway; alley; narrow street", possibly a {{sl|nan-hbl|nl|gang|t=alleyway, alley, narrow street|nocap=1}} or possibly related to {{m|nan-hbl|間|tr=kàn|t=gap; partition}} or from {{bor|nan-hbl|ms|pekan}}<ref>{{cite-journal|author=Lo Man Yuk|journal=Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society|title=Chinese Names of Streets in Penang|number=31-34|url=https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=rFMYAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA204&dq=kan+hokkien&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiahJbhp4iHAxUOslYBHRG1A1IQ6AF6BAgKEAI#v=onepage&q=kan%20hokkien&f=false|date=July 1898|publisher=American Mission Press|location=Singapore|page=204}}</ref> as a {{clipping|ms||nocap=1|nocat=1}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
{{zh-pron
|m=jiàn
|m=jiàn
|m-s=
|c=gaan2,gaan3
|c=gaan2,gaan3
|c-t=
|g=
|h=pfs=kiên
|j=
|mb=
|md=
|mn=kàn
|mn=kàn
|mn-t=
|w=
|x=
|mc=y
|mc=y
|oc=y
|oc=y
Line 28: Line 40:


===Definitions===
===Definitions===
{{zh-hanzi}}
{{head|zh|hanzi}}


# [[brook]] [[between]] [[mountain]]s; [[mountain]] [[stream]]
# [[brook]] [[between]] [[mountain]]s; [[mountain]] [[stream]]
# a [[numeral]] that [[refer]]s to 10<sup>36</sup> or others
# a [[numeral]] that [[refer]]s to 10<sup>36</sup> or others
# {{lb|zh|Hokkien|historical}} [[alleyway]]; [[alley]]; narrow [[street]]


===Compounds===
===Compounds===
{{zh-der|山澗|林慚澗愧|深澗|溝澗|溪澗|澗壑|澗溝|西澗|餐松飲澗|澗池}}
{{col3|zh|山澗|林慚澗愧|桑澗|深澗|清澗|溝澗|溪澗|澗口|澗壑|澗池|澗溝|西澗|餐松飲澗|泗澗溝<t:[[Sijiangou]]>}}

⚫
===References===
⚫
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}


===See also===
===See also===
{{zh-numerals-10^4}}
{{zh-numerals-10^4}}


⚫
===References===
⚫
{{cln|zh|numeral symbols|numerals}}
<references/>


===Further reading===
----
⚫
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

⚫
{{cln|zh|numeral symbols|numerals}}


==Japanese==
==Japanese==
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{{ja-kanji|grade=|rs=水12}}
{{ja-kanji|grade=|rs=水12}}


# {{defn|lang=ja|sort=水12}}
# {{rfdef|ja|sort=水12}}


====Readings====
====Readings====
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# [[undecillion]], a number of 10<sup>36</sup> in modern Japanese since 17th century.
# [[undecillion]], a number of 10<sup>36</sup> in modern Japanese since 17th century.

----


==Korean==
==Korean==

===Etymology===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|澗}}. {{hanja-hunmong|간〯|kǎn|地理#상04B}}

===Pronunciation===
{{ko-hanja-pron|간|l=y}}


===Hanja===
===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|hangeul=간|eumhun=산골물|rv=gan|mr=kan|y=kan}}
{{ko-hanja|[[산골]] [[물]]|간}}


# {{hanja form of|간|[[mountain]] [[stream]]}}
# {{defn|lang=ko|sort=水12}}


====Compounds====
----
{{der-top|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|계간|溪澗}}
* {{ko-l|벽간|碧澗}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|6415}}


==Vietnamese==
==Vietnamese==


===Han character===
===Han character===
{{vi-readings|rs=水12| hanviet = giản}}
{{vi-readings|rs=水12|reading=giản}}


# {{defn|lang=vi|sort=水12}}
# {{rfdef|vi|sort=水12}}


====References====
====References====
* [http://nomfoundation.org/common/nom_details.php?codepoint=6f97&img=1 Nom Foundation]
* [http://nomfoundation.org/common/nom_details.php?codepoint=6f97&img=1 Nôm Foundation]


{{cln|vi|Han tu}}
{{cln|vi|Han tu}}

Latest revision as of 12:27, 2 July 2024

See also: 涧
澗 U+6F97, &#28567;
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F97
← 澖
[U+6F96] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 澘 →
[U+6F98]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

澗 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水日弓日 (EANA), four-corner 37120, composition ⿰氵間)

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 652, character 32
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1060, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 8 (in addendum), page 24, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+6F97

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 澗
simp. 涧
alternative forms
㵎
𡼥
𡼏
礀
磵／𰧃
㵎
𡼥
𡼏
礀
磵／𰧃
𧯎
𧯑
 

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (閒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
間 *kreːn, *kreːns
簡 *kreːnʔ
澗 *kreːns, *kraːns
鐧 *kreːns, *kraːns
蕑 *kreːn
覵 *kreːn, *kreːns, *pkrenʔ
襉 *kreːnʔ, *kreːns
僩 *kreːnʔ, *ɡraːnʔ
鬜 *kʰreːn, *kʰraːn, *kʰreːd
癇 *ɡreːn
瞯 *ɡreːn
憪 *ɡreːn, *ɡraːnʔ
橌 *ɡraːnʔ
撊 *ɡraːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːns, *kraːns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 閒 (OC *ɡreːn)

Etymology

[edit]

For the Hokkien sense of "alleyway; alley; narrow street", possibly a semantic loan from Dutch gang (“alleyway, alley, narrow street”) or possibly related to 間／间 (kàn, “gap; partition”) or from Malay pekan[1] as a clipping.

Pronunciation

[edit]
Rime
Character 澗
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 刪 (69)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古晏切
Baxter kaenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠanH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚanH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨnH/
Li
Rong 		/kanH/
Wang
Li 		/kanH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kanH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 澗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kænH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ˁra[n]-s/ (rhymes as if *[k]ˁra[n])
English stream in a ravine

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 澗 澗
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6229 6231
Phonetic
component 		閒 閒
Rime
group 		元 元
Rime
subdivision 		2 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		襇 諫
Old
Chinese 		/*kreːns/ /*kraːns/
Notes 集韻改襉韻

Definitions

[edit]

澗

  1. brook between mountains; mountain stream
  2. a numeral that refers to 1036 or others
  3. (Hokkien, historical) alleyway; alley; narrow street

Compounds

[edit]

See also

[edit]
Chinese numerals
104 108 1012 1016 1020 1024 1028 1032 1036 1040 1044 1048
萬／万 (wàn) 億／亿 (yì) 兆 (zhào) (Taiwan) 京 (jīng) (Taiwan) 垓 (gāi) 秭 (zǐ) 穰 (ráng) 溝／沟 (gōu) 澗／涧 (jiàn) 正 (zhèng) 載／载 (zài) 極／极 (jí)
萬億／万亿 (wànyì)
(Mainland China) 		億億/亿亿
(Mainland China)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Lo Man Yuk (1898 July) “Chinese Names of Streets in Penang”, in Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society‎[1], numbers 31-34, Singapore: American Mission Press, page 204

Further reading

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
澗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

[edit]

Number

[edit]

澗(かん) • (kan) 

  1. undecillion, a number of 1036 in modern Japanese since 17th century.

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese 澗 (MC kaenH). Recorded as Middle Korean 간〯 (kǎn) (Yale: kǎn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [간(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

澗 (eumhun 산골 물 간 (san'gol mul gan))

  1. Hanja form? of 간 (“mountain stream”).

Compounds

[edit]
Compounds

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

澗: Hán Nôm readings: giản

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=澗&oldid=80607264"