澗: difference between revisions

See also: 涧

Translingual

Han character

澗 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水日弓日 (EANA), four-corner 3712₀, composition ⿰氵間)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 652, character 32
• Dae Jaweon: page 1060, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 8 (in addendum), page 24, character 14
• Unihan data for U+6F97

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Chinese

trad.		澗
simp.		涧
alternative forms		㵎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (閒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
間	*kreːn, *kreːns
簡	*kreːnʔ
澗	*kreːns, *kraːns
鐧	*kreːns, *kraːns
蕑	*kreːn
覵	*kreːn, *kreːns, *pkrenʔ
襉	*kreːnʔ, *kreːns
僩	*kreːnʔ, *ɡraːnʔ
鬜	*kʰreːn, *kʰraːn, *kʰreːd
癇	*ɡreːn
瞯	*ɡreːn
憪	*ɡreːn, *ɡraːnʔ
橌	*ɡraːnʔ
撊	*ɡraːnʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaan² / gaan³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
    • Wade–Giles: chien⁴
    • Yale: jyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gaan² / gaan³
    • Yale: gáan / gaan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaan² / gaan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gan² / gan³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːn³⁵/, /kaːn³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàn
    • Tâi-lô: kàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaxn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kan²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kan¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kaenH

Rime
Character	澗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古晏切
Baxter	kaenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠanH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚanH/
Shao Rongfen	/kɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨnH/
Li Rong	/kanH/
Wang Li	/kanH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kanH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaan3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤra[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreːns/, /*kraːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	澗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ kænH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁra[n]-s/ (rhymes as if *[k]ˁra[n])
English	stream in a ravine
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澗	澗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6229	6231
Phonetic component	閒	閒
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	襇	諫
Old Chinese	/*kreːns/	/*kraːns/
Notes		集韻改襉韻

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 澗

1. brook between mountains; mountain stream
2. a numeral that refers to 10³⁶ or others

References

• “澗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

See also

Chinese numerals
104	108	1012	1016	1020	1024	1028	1032	1036	1040	1044	1048
萬／万 (wàn)	億／亿 (yì)	兆 (zhào) (Taiwan)	京 (jīng) (Taiwan)	垓 (gāi)	秭 (zǐ)	穰 (ráng)	溝／沟 (gōu)	澗／涧 (jiàn)	正 (zhèng)	載／载 (zài)	極／极 (jí)
		萬億／万亿 (wànyì) (Mainland China)	億億/亿亿 (Mainland China)

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Japanese

Kanji

澗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: けん (ken)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kun: たに (tani, 澗); たにみず (tanimizu, 澗)
• Nanori: ま (ma)

Number

澗(かん) • (kan) 

1. undecillion, a number of 10³⁶ in modern Japanese since 17th century.

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Korean

Hanja

澗 • (gan)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 간 (revised: gan, McCune–Reischauer: kan, Yale: kan)
  • Name (hangeul): 산골물
    

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

澗: Hán Việt readings: giản

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation