-ti: difference between revisions

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ti"

Basque

Etymology 1

Unknown.

Suffix

-ti

1. Forms adjectives from nouns.

   ‎gezur (“lie”) + ‎-ti → ‎gezurti (“liar”)

Derived terms

Basque terms suffixed with -ti

Etymology 2

Unknown.

Suffix

-ti

1. (archaic, Biscayan) via, by means of

Further reading

• “-ti” in Labayru Hiztegia

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Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ cɪ]

Suffix

-ti

1. (archaic) The infinitive ending.

Related terms

• -ci
• -t

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Estonian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-ti

1. Derives adverbs, which are generally distributive.

   koht "place" → kohati "in places", "in some areas"

   paik "place" → paiguti "in places", "in some areas"

   riik "country" → riigiti "in countries", "country-by-country"

   rööpne "parallel" (adjective) → rööbiti "in a parallel relationship"

2. Derives habitual temporal adverbs

   hommik "morning" → hommikuti "in the mornings"

   reede "Friday" → reedeti "on Fridays"

Derived terms

Estonian terms suffixed with -ti

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Fala

Pronoun

-ti

1. Clitic form of te (“you”)

See also

Fala personal pronouns

			nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
first person	singular		ei	me, -mi		mi
	plural	common	nos	musL nusLV nos, -nusM		nos
		masculine	noshotrusM			noshotrusM
		feminine	noshotrasM			noshotrasM
second person	singular		tú	te, -ti		ti
	plural	common	vos	vusLV vos, -vusM		vos
		masculine	voshotrusM			voshotrusM
		feminine	voshotrasM			voshotrasM
third person	singular	masculine	el	le, -li	uLV, oM	el
		feminine	ela		a	ela
	plural	masculine	elis		usLV, osM	elis
		feminine	elas		as	elas
	reflexive		—	se, -si		sí

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

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Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse -tigr, from Proto-Germanic *tigiwiz, plural of *teguz.

Suffix

-ti

1. -ty (multipliers of ten)

Derived terms

• tríati
• fjøruti
• fimmti
• seksti
• sjeyti
• áttati
• níti

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Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-tiˣ/, [-t̪i(ʔ)]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ik. Equivalent to the abessive case ending -tta +‎ -i.

Suffix

-ti

1. Forms caritive adverbs.

   alasti ― naked, without clothing

   juomati ― without drinking

   ääneti ― silently; without sound

2. (dialectal, Uusimaa, South Tavastian) The ending for the abessive case.

   Synonym: -tta

Usage notes

In the Uusimaa and South Tavastian dialects, the -ti has become the abessive ending, replacing the original -tta.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ti (caritive)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ik. Equivalent to -tta +‎ -i.

Suffix

-ti

1. Forms adverbs of manner.

   ‎ikä (“age”) + ‎-ti → ‎iäti (“forever, for all age”)

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ti (manner)

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Garifuna

Suffix

-ti

1. nominalizing suffix deriving agent nouns of masculine gender (see -tu for feminine).

   Arufudaha ― to teach

   Arufudahati ― teacher

   Ouchaha ― to fish

   Ouchahati ― fisherman

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Italian

Pronoun

-ti

1. (enclitic) Alternative form of ti

   dare (“to give”) → darti (“to give yourself; to give you; to give for you”)

   vendere (“to sell”) → venderti (“to sell yourself; to sell you; to sell to you”)

   servire (“to serve”) → servirti (“to serve yourself; to serve you; to serve to you”)

Usage notes

• Appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive reflexive, accusative and dative forms when the object is second singular person. The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :

-are → -arti

-ere → -erti

-ire → -irti

Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:

introdurre (“to introduce”) → introdurti (“to introduce yourself; to introduce you; to insert in you”)

In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -ti.

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Latin

Suffix

1. inflection of -tus:
   1. masculine/neuter genitive singular
   2. masculine nominative/vocative plural

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Middle English

Suffix

-ti

1. Alternative form of -ty

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Pipil

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Suffix

-ti

1. Nominal absolutive suffix

   *tuch- → tuchti

   *es- → esti

2. Inchoative derivation verb suffix (non-productive)

   *taka- → takati

   *teki- → tekiti

Usage notes

• The truncated form -t of the nominal absolutive suffix is used with vowel-ending stems.

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Sassarese

Pronoun

-ti

1. enclitic form of ti; appended to polysyllabic second-person singular imperative forms

   ciama (“call!”) → ciàmati (“call yourself!”)

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ti.

Suffix

-ti (Cyrillic spelling -ти)

1. The infinitive ending.

Related terms

• -ći

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-ti/, /-tí/

Suffix

-ti or -tȉ

1. The infinitive ending.

Related terms

• -či

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Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Suffix

preceding vowel
A / I	E / İ	O / U	Ö / Ü
-tı	-ti	-tu	-tü

Form of -tı after the vowels E / İ.

1. Derives nouns from verbs, of a result or product of the action, with the suffix -n, which derives Reflexive forms of verbs.
2. Some verb roots either do not have Reflexive forms due to being New Turkish words derived through false analogy or these forms fell off use in modern Turkish.
3. Derives onomatopoeic nouns, with suffixes -ır or -ıl, which derive onomatopoeic verbs in Turkic dialects.
4. Derives nouns with the suffix -ar, which derives intransitive verbs from the names of colors, of an area that turns that color.