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{{also|façade}}
{{also|façade}}
==English==
==English==
[[File:Façade de l'ensemble Poirel, Nancy, France - 20070620.jpg|thumb|upright|The facade of a building with concert halls and exhibition galleries]]
[[File:Façade de l'ensemble Poirel, Nancy, France - 20070620.jpg|thumb|upright|The '''facade''' of a building with concert halls and exhibition galleries]]


===Alternative forms===
===Alternative forms===
* {{l|en|façade}} <!--this is a rough synonym, not an identical meaning, if indeed, it is English at all.-->
* {{l|en|façade}} {{q|French spelling with the [[cedilla]]}} <!--this is a rough synonym, not an identical meaning, if indeed, it is English at all.-->


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{der|en|fr|façade}}, from {{der|en|it|facciata}}, a derivation of {{m|it|faccia||front}}, from {{der|en|la|facies||face}}; compare {{m|en|face}}.
{{bor+|en|fr|façade}}, from {{der|en|it|facciata}}, a derivation of {{m|it|faccia||front}}, from {{der|en|la|faciēs||face}}; compare {{m|en|face}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{a|Aus}} {{IPA|en|/fəˈsaːd/}}
* {{IPA|en|/fəˈsɑːd/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-facade.ogg|a=US}}
* {{a|UK|US}} {{IPA|en|/fəˈsɑːd/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-facade.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɑːd|s=2}}
⚫
* {{rhymes|en|ɑːd}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
Line 19: Line 18:


# {{lb|en|architecture}} The face of a building, especially the front view or [[elevation]].
# {{lb|en|architecture}} The face of a building, especially the front view or [[elevation]].
#: {{syn|en|face|front|frontage}}
#* '''1865''', {{w|James Fergusson}}, ''A History of Architecture in All Countries''
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1865|author=w:James Fergusson|title=A History of Architecture in All Countries
#*: In Egypt the '''façades''' of their rock-cut tombs were{{...}}ornamented so simply and unobtrusively as rather to belie than to announce their internal magnificence.
|passage=In Egypt the '''façades''' of their rock-cut tombs were{{...}}ornamented so simply and unobtrusively as rather to belie than to announce their internal magnificence.}}
#* '''1880''', {{w|Charles Eliot Norton}}, ''Historical Studies of Church-Building in the Middle Ages''
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1880|author=w:Charles Eliot Norton|title=Historical Studies of Church-Building in the Middle Ages
#*: Like so many of the finest churches, [the cathedral of Siena] was furnished with a plain substantial front wall, intended to serve as the backing and support of an ornamental '''façade'''.
|passage=Like so many of the finest churches, [the cathedral of Siena] was furnished with a plain substantial front wall, intended to serve as the backing and support of an ornamental '''façade'''.}}
#* {{RQ:Chmbrs YngrSt|V}}
#*: The house of Ruthven was a small but ultra-modern limestone affair, between Madison and Fifth ;{{nb...}}. As a matter of fact its narrow ornate '''façade''' presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”
#* {{RQ:Chambers Younger Set|chapter=V|passage=The house of Ruthven was a small but ultra-modern limestone affair, between Madison and Fifth ;{{nb...}}. As a matter of fact its narrow ornate '''façade''' presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”}}
#* '''2005''', [[w:Peter Brandvold|Peter Brandvold]], “Ghost Colts”, in Robert J. Randisi (ed.), ''Lone Star Law'',<sup>[http://books.google.com/books?id=oD_1h7qBndoC]</sup> Simon and Schuster, {{ISBN|1416514597}}, page 179,
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2005|author=w:Peter Brandvold|chapter=Ghost Colts|editor=Robert J. Randisi|title=Lone Star Law|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=oD_1h7qBndoC|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=1416514597|page=179
#*: Eight or so gunmen stood shoulder to shoulder in the gray-white trail before the barn, firing into the saloon's burning, bullet-pocked '''facade'''.
|passage=Eight or so gunmen stood shoulder to shoulder in the gray-white trail before the barn, firing into the saloon's burning, bullet-pocked '''facade'''.}}
# {{lb|en|by extension}} The face or front (most visible side) of any other thing, such as an [[prospect|organ]].
# {{lb|en|by extension}} The face or front (most visible side) of any other thing, such as the [[prospect]] of an [[organ]].
# {{lb|en|figuratively}} A [[deceptive]] or [[insincere]] outward appearance; a [[front]].
# {{lb|en|figuratively}} A [[deceptive]] or [[insincere]] outward appearance.
#: {{syn|en|appearance|cover|front|guise|pretence|Thesaurus:fake}}
# {{lb|en|programming}} An [[object]] serving as a simplified [[interface]] to a larger body of code, as in the [[facade pattern]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Evan Burchard|title=Refactoring JavaScript: Turning Bad Code Into Good Code|year=2017|publisher=O'Reilly Media|page=311|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gn1VDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA311&dq=%22facade%22+API&hl=&cd=12&source=gbs_api#v=onepage&q=%22facade%22%20API&f=false|isbn=978-1-4919-6489-7|passage='''Facades''' are widely used for tasks like simplifying complex APIs.}}


====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
* {{sense|face of a building}} {{l|en|face}}, {{l|en|front}}, {{l|en|frontage}}
* {{sense|deceptive outward appearance}} {{l|en|appearance}}, {{l|en|cover}}, {{l|en|front}}, {{l|en|guise}}, {{l|en|pretence}}, {{l|en|show}}

====Coordinate terms====
* {{sense|front of a building}} {{l|en|frontage}}
* {{sense|deceptive appearance}} See [[Thesaurus:fake]]

====Related terms====
* {{l|en|facade pattern}}
* {{l|en|facade pattern}}


====Translations====
====Translations====
{{trans-top|face of a building}}
{{trans-top|face of a building}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|وَاجِهَة|f}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|ճակատ}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|ճակատ}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|fasad}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|fasad}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|fatxada}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|fatxada}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|фаса́д|m}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|фаса́д|m}}
* Bikol Central: {{t+|bcl|atubangan}}, {{t|bcl|patsada}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|фаса́да|f}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|фаса́да|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|façana|f}}, {{t+|ca|fatxada|f}}, {{t+|ca|frontera|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|façana|f}}, {{q|Valencia}} {{t+|ca|fatxada|f}}, {{t+|ca|frontera|f}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|正面|tr=zhèngmiàn}}, {{t+|cmn|立面|tr=lìmiàn}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|正面|tr=zhèngmiàn}}, {{t+|cmn|立面|tr=lìmiàn}}
Line 60: Line 56:
* German: {{t+|de|Fassade|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Fassade|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πρόσοψη|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πρόσοψη|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|חֲזִית|f|tr=khazít}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|oromzat}}, {{t+|hu|homlokzat}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|oromzat}}, {{t+|hu|homlokzat}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|fasado}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|fasado}}
Line 65: Line 62:
* Italian: {{t+|it|facciata|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|facciata|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|正面|tr=しょうめん, shōmen}}, {{t+|ja|ファサード|tr=fasādo}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|正面|tr=しょうめん, shōmen}}, {{t+|ja|ファサード|tr=fasādo}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|정면(正面)}}, {{t|ko|파사드}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|정면}}, {{t|ko|파사드}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|fasāde|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|фасада|f}}
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|fasadas|m}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|фаса́да|f}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|muka bangunan}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|muka bangunan}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|côtchiéthe|f}} {{qualifier|Jersey}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|côtchiéthe|f}} {{q|Jersey}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|fasade|m}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|نما|tr=namâ}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|نما|tr=namâ}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|fasada|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|fasada|f}}
Line 79: Line 79:
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|fasáda|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|fasáda|f}}
* Slovak: {{t+|sk|fasáda|f}}
* Slovak: {{t+|sk|fasáda|f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|fasada|f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|fasada|f}}, {{t|sl|pročelje|n}}
* Sorbian:
* Sorbian:
*: Lower Sorbian: {{t|dsb|fasada|f}}
*: Lower Sorbian: {{t|dsb|fasada|f}}
Line 88: Line 88:
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|фаса́д|m}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|фаса́д|m}}
* Venetian: {{t+|vec|fasada|f}}, {{t|vec|façada|f}}
* Venetian: {{t+|vec|fasada|f}}, {{t|vec|façada|f}}
* Walloon: {{t+|wa|divanteure|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


{{trans-top|front of anything}}
{{trans-top|front of anything}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|julkisivu}}, {{t+|fi|etupuoli}}; {{t+|fi|prospekti}} {{qualifier|of an organ}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|julkisivu}}, {{t+|fi|etupuoli}}; {{t+|fi|prospekti}} {{qualifier|of an organ}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πρόσοψη|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πρόσοψη|f}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kāinga kanohi}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|front}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


Line 99: Line 101:
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|façana|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|façana|f}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|外觀}}, {{t+|cmn|外观|tr=wàiguān}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|外觀|tr=wàiguān}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|facade|c}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|facade|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|façade|f}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|façade|f}}
Line 106: Line 108:
* German: {{t+|de|Fassade|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Fassade|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πρόσοψη|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πρόσοψη|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|פָסוֹן|m|tr=fasón}}, {{t|he|פָסָדָה|f|tr=fasáda}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|felszín}}, {{t+|hu|külső}}, {{t+|hu|látszat}}, {{t+|hu|kirakat}}, {{t+|hu|köntös}}, {{t+|hu|külcsín}}, {{t+|hu|külszín}}, {{t+|hu|máz}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|facciata|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|facciata|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|外観|tr=がいかん, gaikan}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|外観|tr=がいかん, gaikan}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|zahirnya}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|zahirnya}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kāinga kanohi}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kāinga kanohi}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|fasada|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fachada|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fachada|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|фаса́д|m}}, {{t+|ru|ши́рма|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|фаса́д|m}}, {{t+|ru|ши́рма|f}}
Line 120: Line 124:
* {{R:OneLook}}
* {{R:OneLook}}
* {{R:Merriam Webster Online}}
* {{R:Merriam Webster Online}}

----


==Danish==
==Danish==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{der|da|fr|façade}}, from {{der|da|it|facciata}}, a derivation of {{m|it|faccia||front}}, from {{der|da|la|facies||face}}
From {{der|da|fr|façade}}, from {{der|da|it|facciata}}, a derivation of {{m|it|faccia||front}}, from {{der|da|la|faciēs||face}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{rhymes|da|aːdə}}
* {{IPA|da|[faˈsæːðə]}}
⚫
* {{rhymes|da|aːdə|s=3}}
* {{audio|da| LL-Q9035 (dan)-Huggywuggyy-facade.wav}}
*{{hyphenation|da|fa|ca|de}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{da-noun|n|r}}
{{da-noun|n|r}}


# {{l|en|façade}}
# [[façade]]


====Inflection====
====Inflection====

Revision as of 17:16, 8 September 2024

See also: façade

English

The facade of a building with concert halls and exhibition galleries

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from French façade, from Italian facciata, a derivation of faccia (“front”), from Latin faciēs (“face”); compare face.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fəˈsɑːd/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑːd

Noun

facade (plural facades)

  1. (architecture) The face of a building, especially the front view or elevation.
    Synonyms: face, front, frontage
    • 1865, James Fergusson, A History of Architecture in All Countries:
      In Egypt the façades of their rock-cut tombs were […] ornamented so simply and unobtrusively as rather to belie than to announce their internal magnificence.
    • 1880, Charles Eliot Norton, Historical Studies of Church-Building in the Middle Ages:
      Like so many of the finest churches, [the cathedral of Siena] was furnished with a plain substantial front wall, intended to serve as the backing and support of an ornamental façade.
    • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
      The house of Ruthven was a small but ultra-modern limestone affair, between Madison and Fifth ; […]. As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”
    • 2005, Peter Brandvold, “Ghost Colts”, in Robert J. Randisi, editor, Lone Star Law‎[1], Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 179:
      Eight or so gunmen stood shoulder to shoulder in the gray-white trail before the barn, firing into the saloon's burning, bullet-pocked facade.
  2. (by extension) The face or front (most visible side) of any other thing, such as the prospect of an organ.
  3. (figuratively) A deceptive or insincere outward appearance.
    Synonyms: appearance, cover, front, guise, pretence; see also Thesaurus:fake
  4. (programming) An object serving as a simplified interface to a larger body of code, as in the facade pattern.
    • 2017, Evan Burchard, Refactoring JavaScript: Turning Bad Code Into Good Code, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 311:
      Facades are widely used for tasks like simplifying complex APIs.

Derived terms

Translations

Further reading

  • “facade”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
  • “facade”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Danish

Etymology

From French façade, from Italian facciata, a derivation of faccia (“front”), from Latin faciēs (“face”).

Pronunciation

Noun

facade c (singular definite facaden, plural indefinite facader)

  1. façade

Inflection

Declension of facade
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative facade facaden facader facaderne
genitive facades facadens facaders facadernes
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=facade&oldid=81549826"