surra

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See also: súrra

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

From Marathi [script needed] (sūra, “air breathed through the nostrils”), imitative of heavy breathing through the nostrils.

Noun

surra (uncountable)

  1. A disease of vertebrate animals caused by protozoan trypanosomes, involving fever, weakness, and lethargy.
    • 1901 May 24, “Veterinary Work at Uganda”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record‎[1], volume 4, number 6, page 178:
      Whether the disease caused was Surra or Ngana time would not permit me to judge […]

Translations

Estonian

Verb

surra

  1. Da-infinitive of surema.

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *surdak (“to die”) (compare Estonian surema (“to die”)), from Proto-Uralic *śure- (“to die”). The modern meaning is by contamination from surku; the original meaning is still found in the derivative surma (“killing”). May also be related to Erzya сырьмай (siŕmaj, “death”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsurːɑˣ/, [ˈs̠urːɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -urːɑ
  • Syllabification(key): sur‧ra

Verb

surra

  1. (intransitive) to mourn, grieve (often because of someone's death)
  2. (transitive, usually atelic) to mourn, grieve ((over) someone dead)

Conjugation

Inflection of surra (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. suren en sure 1st sing. olen surrut en ole surrut
2nd sing. suret et sure 2nd sing. olet surrut et ole surrut
3rd sing. suree ei sure 3rd sing. on surrut ei ole surrut
1st plur. suremme emme sure 1st plur. olemme surreet emme ole surreet
2nd plur. surette ette sure 2nd plur. olette surreet ette ole surreet
3rd plur. surevat eivät sure 3rd plur. ovat surreet eivät ole surreet
passive surraan ei surra passive on surtu ei ole surtu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. surin en surrut 1st sing. olin surrut en ollut surrut
2nd sing. surit et surrut 2nd sing. olit surrut et ollut surrut
3rd sing. suri ei surrut 3rd sing. oli surrut ei ollut surrut
1st plur. surimme emme surreet 1st plur. olimme surreet emme olleet surreet
2nd plur. suritte ette surreet 2nd plur. olitte surreet ette olleet surreet
3rd plur. surivat eivät surreet 3rd plur. olivat surreet eivät olleet surreet
passive surtiin ei surtu passive oli surtu ei ollut surtu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. surisin en surisi 1st sing. olisin surrut en olisi surrut
2nd sing. surisit et surisi 2nd sing. olisit surrut et olisi surrut
3rd sing. surisi ei surisi 3rd sing. olisi surrut ei olisi surrut
1st plur. surisimme emme surisi 1st plur. olisimme surreet emme olisi surreet
2nd plur. surisitte ette surisi 2nd plur. olisitte surreet ette olisi surreet
3rd plur. surisivat eivät surisi 3rd plur. olisivat surreet eivät olisi surreet
passive surtaisiin ei surtaisi passive olisi surtu ei olisi surtu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. sure älä sure 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. surkoon älköön surko 3rd sing. olkoon surrut älköön olko surrut
1st plur. surkaamme älkäämme surko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. surkaa älkää surko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. surkoot älkööt surko 3rd plur. olkoot surreet älkööt olko surreet
passive surtakoon älköön surtako passive olkoon surtu älköön olko surtu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. surren en surre 1st sing. lienen surrut en liene surrut
2nd sing. surret et surre 2nd sing. lienet surrut et liene surrut
3rd sing. surree ei surre 3rd sing. lienee surrut ei liene surrut
1st plur. surremme emme surre 1st plur. lienemme surreet emme liene surreet
2nd plur. surrette ette surre 2nd plur. lienette surreet ette liene surreet
3rd plur. surrevat eivät surre 3rd plur. lienevät surreet eivät liene surreet
passive surtaneen ei surtane passive lienee surtu ei liene surtu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st surra present sureva surtava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st surrakseni surraksemme
2nd surraksesi surraksenne
3rd surrakseen
surraksensa
past surrut surtu
2nd inessive2 surressa surtaessa agent4 surema
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st surressani surressamme
2nd surressasi surressanne
3rd surressaan
surressansa
negative surematon
instructive surren —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive suremassa —
elative suremasta —
illative suremaan —
adessive suremalla —
abessive surematta —
instructive sureman surtaman
4th3 verbal noun sureminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st suremaisillani suremaisillamme
2nd suremaisillasi suremaisillanne
3rd suremaisillaan
suremaisillansa

Antonyms

Derived terms

nouns
verbs

Further reading

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *surdak (“to die”). Cognates include Finnish surra and Estonian surra.

The sense "to die" is a semantic loan from a Southern Finnic language, either Estonian surra or Votic surra.

Pronunciation

Verb

surra

  1. (intransitive) to mourn; grieve
  2. (intransitive) to die; pass away
  3. (transitive, usually atelic) to mourn; grieve

Conjugation

Conjugation of surra (type 11/pessä, no gradation, gemination)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular suren en sure 1st singular oon surt, oon surrut en oo surt, en oo surrut
2nd singular suret et sure 2nd singular oot surt, oot surrut et oo surt, et oo surrut
3rd singular surroo ei sure 3rd singular ono surt, ono surrut ei oo surt, ei oo surrut
1st plural suremma emmä sure 1st plural oomma surreet emmä oo surreet
2nd plural suretta että sure 2nd plural ootta surreet että oo surreet
3rd plural surroot1), surevat2), surraa evät sure, ei surra 3rd plural ovat surreet evät oo surreet, ei oo surtu
impersonal surraa ei surra impersonal ono surtu ei oo surtu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular surin en surt, en surrut 1st singular olin surt, olin surrut en olt surt, en olt surrut
2nd singular surit et surt, et surrut 2nd singular olit surt, olit surrut et olt surt, et olt surrut
3rd singular suri ei surt, ei surrut 3rd singular oli surt, oli surrut ei olt surt, ei olt surrut
1st plural surimma emmä surreet 1st plural olimma surreet emmä olleet surreet
2nd plural suritta että surreet 2nd plural olitta surreet että olleet surreet
3rd plural surriit1), surivat2), surtii evät surreet, ei surtu 3rd plural olivat surreet evät olleet surreet, ei olt surtu
impersonal surtii ei surtu impersonal oli surtu ei olt surtu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular surisin en suris 1st singular olisin surt, olisin surrut en olis surt, en olis surrut
2nd singular surisit, surriist1) et suris 2nd singular olisit surt, olisit surrut et olis surt, et olis surrut
3rd singular suris ei suris 3rd singular olis surt, olis surrut ei olis surt, ei olis surrut
1st plural surisimma emmä suris 1st plural olisimma surreet emmä olis surreet
2nd plural surisitta että suris 2nd plural olisitta surreet että olis surreet
3rd plural surisiit1), surisivat2), surtais evät suris, ei surtais 3rd plural olisivat surreet evät olis surreet, ei olis surtu
impersonal surtais ei surtais impersonal olis surtu ei olis surtu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular sure elä sure 2nd singular oo surt, oo surrut elä oo surt, elä oo surrut
3rd singular surkoo elköö surko 3rd singular olkoo surt, olkoo surrut elköö olko surt, elköö olko surrut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural surkaa elkää surko 2nd plural olkaa surreet elkää olko surreet
3rd plural surkoot elkööt surko, elköö surtako 3rd plural olkoot surreet elkööt olko surreet, elköö olko surtu
impersonal surtakoo elköö surtako impersonal olkoo surtu elköö olko surtu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular surren en surre
2nd singular surret et surre
3rd singular surroo ei surre
1st plural surremma emmä surre
2nd plural surretta että surre
3rd plural surroot evät surre, ei surtane
impersonal surtanoo ei surtane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st surra present sureva surtava
2nd inessive surrees past surt, surrut surtu
instructive surren 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (surkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative suromaa
inessive suromaas
elative suromast
abessive suromata
4th nominative suromiin
partitive suromista, suromist

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 551

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Marathi [script needed] (sūra, “air breathed through the nostrils”), of imitative origin.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsur.ra/
  • Rhymes: -urra
  • Hyphenation: sùr‧ra

Noun

surra f (uncountable)

  1. surra (disease of animals)

Further reading

  • surra in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

surra (present tense surrar, past tense surra, past participle surra, passive infinitive surrast, present participle surrande, imperative surra/surr)

  1. Alternative form of surre

Anagrams

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

  • Rhymes: -uʁɐ
  • Hyphenation: sur‧ra

Etymology 1

Deverbal from surrar (“to beat”).

Noun

surra f (plural surras)

  1. (informal) beating, spanking
  2. spanking on the buttocks
  3. (Brazil, figuratively) a resounding defeat

Etymology 2

Verb

surra

  1. inflection of surrar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

Swedish

Etymology

Of imitative origin, see also Danish sur.

Verb

surra (present surrar, preterite surrade, supine surrat, imperative surra)

  1. to buzz (make a buzzing sound, of for example bees)
    surrande bin
    buzzing bees
  2. to talk, to buzz (often of many people)
    Vad surrar ni om?
    What are you talking about?
  3. to buzz (of rumors or the like)
    Rykten surrade i stan
    Rumors were buzzing about town
  4. (sometimes with fast) to secure (for example cargo) with a rope
    Surra lasten, en storm är på väg
    Secure the cargo, a storm is coming

Conjugation

Conjugation of surra (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive surra surras
Supine surrat surrats
Imperative surra —
Imper. plural1 surren —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative surrar surrade surras surrades
Ind. plural1 surra surrade surras surrades
Subjunctive2 surre surrade surres surrades
Participles
Present participle surrande
Past participle surrad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

References

Anagrams

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