déraper
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle French dialectal déraper (“to tear at”), from Occitan derapar, derrabar (“to tear, uproot”), from de- + rapar (“to seize, remove”), from Gothic *𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*rapōn, “to snatch, steal”), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną, *hrēpōną (“to scratch, touch, pluck out, snatch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb(h)-, *(s)kerb(h)- (“to turn, bend, shrink”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with Old English hreppan (“to touch, treat”), Old Norse hreppa (“to touch, grasp, receive”). More at raffle.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]déraper
- to skid, to slide
- (of an anchor) to drag
- (figurative) to get out of hand, to get out of control
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of déraper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | déraper | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | dérapant /de.ʁa.pɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | dérapé /de.ʁa.pe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | dérape /de.ʁap/ |
dérapes /de.ʁap/ |
dérape /de.ʁap/ |
dérapons /de.ʁa.pɔ̃/ |
dérapez /de.ʁa.pe/ |
dérapent /de.ʁap/ |
imperfect | dérapais /de.ʁa.pɛ/ |
dérapais /de.ʁa.pɛ/ |
dérapait /de.ʁa.pɛ/ |
dérapions /de.ʁa.pjɔ̃/ |
dérapiez /de.ʁa.pje/ |
dérapaient /de.ʁa.pɛ/ | |
past historic2 | dérapai /de.ʁa.pe/ |
dérapas /de.ʁa.pa/ |
dérapa /de.ʁa.pa/ |
dérapâmes /de.ʁa.pam/ |
dérapâtes /de.ʁa.pat/ |
dérapèrent /de.ʁa.pɛʁ/ | |
future | déraperai /de.ʁa.pʁe/ |
déraperas /de.ʁa.pʁa/ |
dérapera /de.ʁa.pʁa/ |
déraperons /de.ʁa.pʁɔ̃/ |
déraperez /de.ʁa.pʁe/ |
déraperont /de.ʁa.pʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | déraperais /de.ʁa.pʁɛ/ |
déraperais /de.ʁa.pʁɛ/ |
déraperait /de.ʁa.pʁɛ/ |
déraperions /de.ʁa.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
déraperiez /de.ʁa.pə.ʁje/ |
déraperaient /de.ʁa.pʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | dérape /de.ʁap/ |
dérapes /de.ʁap/ |
dérape /de.ʁap/ |
dérapions /de.ʁa.pjɔ̃/ |
dérapiez /de.ʁa.pje/ |
dérapent /de.ʁap/ |
imperfect2 | dérapasse /de.ʁa.pas/ |
dérapasses /de.ʁa.pas/ |
dérapât /de.ʁa.pa/ |
dérapassions /de.ʁa.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
dérapassiez /de.ʁa.pa.sje/ |
dérapassent /de.ʁa.pas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | dérape /de.ʁap/ |
— | dérapons /de.ʁa.pɔ̃/ |
dérapez /de.ʁa.pe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Catalan: derrapar
- → Galician: derrapar
- → Italian: derapare
- → Portuguese: derrapar
- → Spanish: derrapar
Further reading
[edit]- “déraper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Categories:
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms derived from Occitan
- French terms derived from Gothic
- French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs