fen
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /fɛn/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɛn
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English fen, fenne, from Old English fenn (“fen; marsh; mud; dirt”), Proto-West Germanic *fani, from Proto-Germanic *fanją, from Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”).
See also West Frisian fean, Dutch veen, German Fenn, Norwegian fen; also Middle Irish en (“water”), enach (“swamp”), Old Prussian pannean (“peat-bog”), Sanskrit पङ्क (paṅka, “marsh, mud, mire, slough”).
Noun
[edit]fen (plural fens)
- A type of wetland fed by ground water and runoff, containing peat below the waterline, characteristically alkaline.
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4:
- 1807, William Wordsworth, "England, 1802," collected in Poems (1807):
- Milton! thou shouldst be living at this hour:
- England hath need of thee: she is a fen
- Of stagnant waters […]
- 1842, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Slave in the Dismal Swamp, from Poems on Slavery:
- In dark fens of the Dismal Swamp / The hunted Negro lay; [...]
- 1887, “When the Night Wind Howls”, W. S. Gilbert (lyrics), Arthur Sullivan (music):
- As the sob of the breeze/Sweeps over the trees/And the mists lie low on the fen...
- 1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:
- He was freezing to death in the flat mud of the Suffolk fens, too proud to go home without a catch.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
|
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Chinese 分 (fēn). Doublet of hoon and fan.
Noun
[edit]fen (plural fen or fens)
- A unit of currency in China, one-hundredth of a yuan.
- 1994, Ronald David Schwartz, “[Martial Law and After] Symbolic competition”, in Circle of Protest: Political Ritual in the Tibetan Uprising, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, published 1996, →ISBN, page 184:
- One poster, which appeared on the Barkhor on 20 May, ridiculed the way neighbourhood committees were recruiting participants: “We paid 30 fen for one stone, but you hire people for 30 yuan for the picnic in the Norbulingka” (“30 fen” — one hundred fen is one yuan — is a joking reference to Chinese accusations that Tibetans were paid 30 fen by splittists for each stone thrown on 1 October 1987).
Translations
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From fan, by analogy with men as the plural of man.
Noun
[edit]fen
- (fandom slang) a plural of fan used by enthusiasts of science fiction, fantasy, and anime, partly from whimsy and partly to distinguish themselves from fans of sport, etc.
- 1951 May 21, Winthrop Sargeant, “Through the Interstellar Looking Glass”, in Life[1], volume 30, number 21, page 127:
- Sad to relate, some of the European delegates were probably insurgents rather than true fen. […] But the Europeans could be counted on to take the long view, and many of them would probably turn out to be real fen and fenne after all.
Coordinate terms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]Compare fend.
Interjection
[edit]fen
- (obsolete) Used in children's games to prevent or forestall another player's action; a check or bar.
Etymology 5
[edit]From Middle English *vene, Kentish variant of *fine, from Old English fyne (“moisture, mold, mildew”), from Proto-Germanic *funiz, *fun- (“moisture, mold”); compare vinew.
Noun
[edit]fen (uncountable)
- (obsolete) A kind of mildew that grows on hops.
- 1769, The Complete Farmer: Or, a General Dictionary of Husbandry[3], 2nd edition, page 339:
- […] whereby the ſtagnating ſap corrupts, and breeds mouldy fen, which often ſpoils whole tracts of, till then, flouriſhing hop-grounds.
- 1808, Thomas Potts, The British Farmer's Cyclopaedia or, Complete Agricultural Dictionary[4], Scatcherd and Letterman, page 96:
- Among these are reckoned the wire worm; the flea, and the fly; the fen or mould; the mildew ; and what are usually called fire blasts.
- 1848, John Marius Wilson, editor, The Rural Cyclopedia[5], volume 2, A. Fullarton, page 698:
- The mould, the fen, or the mouldy-fen, prevails more on hop-grounds which are low, moist, and sheltered, than on such as are high, dry, and open […]
Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]fen
- inflection of fendre:
Chuukese
[edit]Adjective
[edit]fen
Synonyms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]fen
- past tense marker for verbs
- already
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen m inan
- fen (unit of currency in China, one-hundredth of a yuan)
- 1962, Časopis Národního muzea, volume 131, page 165:
- Čínská poštovní správa v roce 1961 vydala ke Dni armády, tj. k 1. srpnu 1961 dvě známky, a to v hodnotách 8 fenů a 10 fenů […]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen
Further reading
[edit]- “fen”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
Dalmatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin fīnitus. Compare Italian fino.
Adjective
[edit]fen (feminine faina)
Faroese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse fen, from Proto-Germanic *fanją.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen n (genitive singular fens, plural fen)
Declension
[edit]Declension of fen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
n3 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | fen | fenið | fen | fenini |
accusative | fen | fenið | fen | fenini |
dative | feni | feninum | fenum | fenunum |
genitive | fens | fensins | fena | fenanna |
Derived terms
[edit]Franco-Provençal
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen m (plural fens) (ORB, broad)
References
[edit]- foin in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
- fen in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu
Friulian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen m (plural fens)
Related terms
[edit]Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Ugric *pänV-, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *pänɜ (“grindstone; grind”).[1]
Verb
[edit]fen
Conjugation
[edit]Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | fenek | fensz | fen | fenünk | fentek | fennek | |
Def. | fenem | fened | feni | fenjük | fenitek | fenik | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | fentem | fentél | fent | fentünk | fentetek | fentek | ||
Def. | fentem | fented | fente | fentük | fentétek | fenték | |||
2nd-p. o. | fentelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. fenni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | fenék | fenél | fene | fenénk | fenétek | fenének | ||
Def. | feném | fenéd | fené | fenénk | fenétek | fenék | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. fen vala, fent vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | fenendek | fenendesz | fenend | fenendünk | fenendetek | fenendenek | ||
Def. | fenendem | fenended | fenendi | fenendjük | fenenditek | fenendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | fennék | fennél | fenne | fennénk | fennétek | fennének | |
Def. | fenném | fennéd | fenné | fennénk (or fennők) |
fennétek | fennék | |||
2nd-p. o. | fennélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. fent volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | fenjek | fenj or fenjél |
fenjen | fenjünk | fenjetek | fenjenek | |
Def. | fenjem | fend or fenjed |
fenje | fenjük | fenjétek | fenjék | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenjelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. fent légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | fenni | fennem | fenned | fennie | fennünk | fennetek | fenniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
fenés | fenő | fent | fenendő | fenve (fenvén) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | fenhetek | fenhetsz | fenhet | fenhetünk | fenhettek | fenhetnek | |
Def. | fenhetem | fenheted | fenheti | fenhetjük | fenhetitek | fenhetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenhetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | fenhettem | fenhettél | fenhetett | fenhettünk | fenhettetek | fenhettek | ||
Def. | fenhettem | fenhetted | fenhette | fenhettük | fenhettétek | fenhették | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenhettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | fenheték | fenhetél | fenhete | fenheténk | fenhetétek | fenhetének | ||
Def. | fenhetém | fenhetéd | fenheté | fenheténk | fenhetétek | fenheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenhetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. fenhet vala, fenhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | fenhetendek or fenandhatok |
fenhetendesz or fenandhatsz |
fenhetend or fenandhat |
fenhetendünk or fenandhatunk |
fenhetendetek or fenandhattok |
fenhetendenek or fenandhatnak | ||
Def. | fenhetendem or fenandhatom |
fenhetended or fenandhatod |
fenhetendi or fenandhatja |
fenhetendjük or fenandhatjuk |
fenhetenditek or fenandhatjátok |
fenhetendik or fenandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenhetendelek or fenandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | fenhetnék | fenhetnél | fenhetne | fenhetnénk | fenhetnétek | fenhetnének | |
Def. | fenhetném | fenhetnéd | fenhetné | fenhetnénk (or fenhetnők) |
fenhetnétek | fenhetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenhetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. fenhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | fenhessek | fenhess or fenhessél |
fenhessen | fenhessünk | fenhessetek | fenhessenek | |
Def. | fenhessem | fenhesd or fenhessed |
fenhesse | fenhessük | fenhessétek | fenhessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | fenhesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. fenhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (fenhetni) | (fenhetnem) | (fenhetned) | (fenhetnie) | (fenhetnünk) | (fenhetnetek) | (fenhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | fenhető | Neg. adj. | fenhetetlen | Adv. part. | (fenhetve / fenhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen (plural fenek)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | fen | fenek |
accusative | fent | feneket |
dative | fennek | feneknek |
instrumental | fennel | fenekkel |
causal-final | fenért | fenekért |
translative | fenné | fenekké |
terminative | fenig | fenekig |
essive-formal | fenként | fenekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | fenben | fenekben |
superessive | fenen | feneken |
adessive | fennél | feneknél |
illative | fenbe | fenekbe |
sublative | fenre | fenekre |
allative | fenhez | fenekhez |
elative | fenből | fenekből |
delative | fenről | fenekről |
ablative | fentől | fenektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
fené | feneké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
fenéi | fenekéi |
Possessive forms of fen | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | fenem | fenjeim |
2nd person sing. | fened | fenjeid |
3rd person sing. | fenje | fenjei |
1st person plural | fenünk | fenjeink |
2nd person plural | fenetek | fenjeitek |
3rd person plural | fenjük | fenjeik |
References
[edit]- ^ Entry #728 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
[edit]- (to whet): fen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse fen, from Proto-Germanic *fanją.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen n (genitive singular fens, nominative plural fen)
Declension
[edit]Istriot
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen
Lombard
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Akin to Italian fieno, from Latin fenum.
Noun
[edit]fen
Mandarin
[edit]Romanization
[edit]fen
- Nonstandard spelling of fēn.
- Nonstandard spelling of fén.
- Nonstandard spelling of fěn.
- Nonstandard spelling of fèn.
Usage notes
[edit]- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old English fenn; from Proto-West Germanic *fani, from Proto-Germanic *fanją. The "dung" sense is influenced by Old French fien.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen (plural fennes)
Declension
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “fen, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “fen, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Old English
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen m or n
- Alternative form of fenn
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *fanją.
Noun
[edit]fen n (genitive fens, plural fen)
Declension
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “fen”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from German Föhn, from Old High German phonno, from Vulgar Latin *faōnius, from Latin Favōnius.
Noun
[edit]fen m inan
- (meteorology) foehn (warm dry wind blowing down the northern sides of the Alps)
- (meteorology) foehn (any similar wind)
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen m inan
- fen (unit of Chinese currency)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- fen in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]fȇn m (Cyrillic spelling фе̑н)
Declension
[edit]Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ottoman Turkish فن (fen, “kind, variety; art, science”), from Arabic فَنّ (fann), ultimately from Persian پند (pand, “knack, trick”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]fen (definite accusative fenni, plural fenler or (archaic) fünun)
Declension
[edit]Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | fen | |
Definite accusative | fenni | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | fen | fenler |
Definite accusative | fenni | fenleri |
Dative | fenne | fenlere |
Locative | fende | fenlerde |
Ablative | fenden | fenlerden |
Genitive | fennin | fenlerin |
Synonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- fennî (“scientific, technical”)
- darülfünun (“university”)
References
[edit]- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fen”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1397
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɛn
- Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English terms borrowed from Chinese
- English terms derived from Chinese
- English doublets
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English non-lemma forms
- English noun forms
- English fandom slang
- English plurals with umlaut
- English interjections
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English uncountable nouns
- en:China
- en:Currencies
- en:Fandom
- en:Science fiction
- en:Wetlands
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- Chuukese lemmas
- Chuukese adjectives
- Chuukese adverbs
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Czech/ɛn
- Rhymes:Czech/ɛn/1 syllable
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech terms with quotations
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech noun forms
- Dalmatian terms inherited from Latin
- Dalmatian terms derived from Latin
- Dalmatian lemmas
- Dalmatian adjectives
- Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse
- Faroese terms derived from Old Norse
- Faroese terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Faroese/eːn
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese nouns
- Faroese neuter nouns
- Franco-Provençal terms inherited from Latin
- Franco-Provençal terms derived from Latin
- Franco-Provençal lemmas
- Franco-Provençal nouns
- Franco-Provençal countable nouns
- Franco-Provençal masculine nouns
- ORB, broad
- Friulian terms inherited from Latin
- Friulian terms derived from Latin
- Friulian lemmas
- Friulian nouns
- Friulian masculine nouns
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛn
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛn/1 syllable
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian dialectal terms
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with noun and verb etymologies
- hu:Currencies
- hu:China
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛːn
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛːn/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic neuter nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- Istriot terms inherited from Latin
- Istriot terms derived from Latin
- Istriot lemmas
- Istriot nouns
- Lombard lemmas
- Lombard nouns
- Hanyu Pinyin
- Mandarin non-lemma forms
- Mandarin nonstandard forms
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms borrowed from Old French
- Middle English terms derived from Old French
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- enm:Feces
- enm:Landforms
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English masculine nouns
- Old English neuter nouns
- Old English nouns with multiple genders
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse nouns
- Old Norse neuter nouns
- Old Norse terms with usage examples
- Old Norse neuter ja-stem nouns
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛn
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛn/1 syllable
- Polish terms borrowed from German
- Polish terms derived from German
- Polish terms derived from Old High German
- Polish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Meteorology
- Polish terms borrowed from Chinese
- Polish terms derived from Chinese
- pl:China
- pl:Coins
- pl:Currencies
- pl:Wind
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from German
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from German
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Meteorology
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish noun forms
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Turkish terms derived from Persian
- Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ف ن ن
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish terms with archaic senses
- Turkish dated terms
- Turkish nouns with irregular stem