grían

See also: grian, grian-, griən, and gri͡an

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *grēnā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).

Matasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʲrʲiːa̯n/

Noun

grían f

1. sun

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	gríanL	gréinL	gríanaH
Vocative	gríanL	gréinL	gríanaH
Accusative	gréinN	gréinL	gríanaH
Genitive	gréineH	gríanL	gríanN
Dative	gréinL	gríanaib	gríanaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• gríanach (“sunny”)
• gríanaid
• gríanán (“bower, sunny place”)
• gríanda (“relating to the sun, solar”)
• gríandaide (“solar”)
• gríanmar (“brilliant”)

 

Descendants

• Irish: grian
• Manx: grian
• Scottish Gaelic: grian

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
grían	grían pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngrían
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language