kiri

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See also: Kiri, kirî, and kiɽi

Bikol Central

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Noun

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kirí

  1. (medicine) A sore which forms on the upper lip beneath the nose.

Verb

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kíri

  1. To shake one's head (to express disapproval or denial).

Cebuano

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Alternative forms

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  • kari
  • rishort form, only used mid-sentence

Etymology

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From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-di.[1] The initial "k(a/i)-" is a common feature among demonstratives: kini (this), kana (that), and kadto (that). Related to diri (here), adia (here be), ngari (hither), and ari (to come), in a similar pattern with other Cebuano demonstrative pronouns. Compare Tagalog iri.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kiˈɾi/ [kɪˈɾ̪i]
  • Hyphenation: ki‧ri

Adverb

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kirí

  1. this (closer to the speaker than the listener)

Usage notes

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  • kari is the form most commonly used by speakers, while kiri may come off as old-fashioned and literary.
  • In colloquial usage, the nuances of kiri (this near me) and kini (this near us) have become blurred, such that both are used interchangeably.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*-di”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Estonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kirja. Cognate with Finnish kirja and Votic tširjõ.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

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kiri (genitive kirja, partitive kirja)

  1. writing
  2. letter (message)
  3. font, script
  4. pattern (decorative, e.g., knitted, embroidered, or carved into wood)

Declension

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Declension of kiri (ÕS type 24u/padi, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative kiri kirjad
accusative nom.
gen. kirja
genitive kirjade
partitive kirja kirju
kirjasid
illative kirja
kirjasse
kirjadesse
kirjusse
inessive kirjas kirjades
kirjus
elative kirjast kirjadest
kirjust
allative kirjale kirjadele
kirjule
adessive kirjal kirjadel
kirjul
ablative kirjalt kirjadelt
kirjult
translative kirjaks kirjadeks
kirjuks
terminative kirjani kirjadeni
essive kirjana kirjadena
abessive kirjata kirjadeta
comitative kirjaga kirjadega

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • kiri”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
  • kiri”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • kiri”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
  • kiri in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Finnish

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Etymology 1

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Probably originally a back-formation from kiristää; compare English tighten the gap for the semantic development.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkiri/, [ˈk̟iri]
  • Rhymes: -iri
  • Syllabification(key): ki‧ri

Noun

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kiri

  1. spurt (a sudden but not prolonged action, especially a brief increase in speed of an ongoing action)
    Hän aloitti kirinsä liian aikaisin ja väsähti sata metriä ennen maaliviivaa.
    He started his spurt too early and ran out of steam one hundred meters before the finish line.
    Kiinan taloudellinen kiri on ollut nopea.
    The Chinese economic spurt has been quick.
Declension
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Inflection of kiri (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative kiri kirit
genitive kirin kirien
partitive kiriä kirejä
illative kiriin kireihin
singular plural
nominative kiri kirit
accusative nom. kiri kirit
gen. kirin
genitive kirin kirien
partitive kiriä kirejä
inessive kirissä kireissä
elative kiristä kireistä
illative kiriin kireihin
adessive kirillä kireillä
ablative kiriltä kireiltä
allative kirille kireille
essive kirinä kireinä
translative kiriksi kireiksi
abessive kirittä kireittä
instructive kirein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kiri (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kirini kirini
accusative nom. kirini kirini
gen. kirini
genitive kirini kirieni
partitive kiriäni kirejäni
inessive kirissäni kireissäni
elative kiristäni kireistäni
illative kiriini kireihini
adessive kirilläni kireilläni
ablative kiriltäni kireiltäni
allative kirilleni kireilleni
essive kirinäni kireinäni
translative kirikseni kireikseni
abessive kirittäni kireittäni
instructive
comitative kireineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kirisi kirisi
accusative nom. kirisi kirisi
gen. kirisi
genitive kirisi kiriesi
partitive kiriäsi kirejäsi
inessive kirissäsi kireissäsi
elative kiristäsi kireistäsi
illative kiriisi kireihisi
adessive kirilläsi kireilläsi
ablative kiriltäsi kireiltäsi
allative kirillesi kireillesi
essive kirinäsi kireinäsi
translative kiriksesi kireiksesi
abessive kirittäsi kireittäsi
instructive
comitative kireinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kirimme kirimme
accusative nom. kirimme kirimme
gen. kirimme
genitive kirimme kiriemme
partitive kiriämme kirejämme
inessive kirissämme kireissämme
elative kiristämme kireistämme
illative kiriimme kireihimme
adessive kirillämme kireillämme
ablative kiriltämme kireiltämme
allative kirillemme kireillemme
essive kirinämme kireinämme
translative kiriksemme kireiksemme
abessive kirittämme kireittämme
instructive
comitative kireinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kirinne kirinne
accusative nom. kirinne kirinne
gen. kirinne
genitive kirinne kirienne
partitive kiriänne kirejänne
inessive kirissänne kireissänne
elative kiristänne kireistänne
illative kiriinne kireihinne
adessive kirillänne kireillänne
ablative kiriltänne kireiltänne
allative kirillenne kireillenne
essive kirinänne kireinänne
translative kiriksenne kireiksenne
abessive kirittänne kireittänne
instructive
comitative kireinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kirinsä kirinsä
accusative nom. kirinsä kirinsä
gen. kirinsä
genitive kirinsä kiriensä
partitive kiriään
kiriänsä
kirejään
kirejänsä
inessive kirissään
kirissänsä
kireissään
kireissänsä
elative kiristään
kiristänsä
kireistään
kireistänsä
illative kiriinsä kireihinsä
adessive kirillään
kirillänsä
kireillään
kireillänsä
ablative kiriltään
kiriltänsä
kireiltään
kireiltänsä
allative kirilleen
kirillensä
kireilleen
kireillensä
essive kirinään
kirinänsä
kireinään
kireinänsä
translative kirikseen
kiriksensä
kireikseen
kireiksensä
abessive kirittään
kirittänsä
kireittään
kireittänsä
instructive
comitative kireineen
kireinensä
Derived terms
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compounds

See also

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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkiri/, [ˈk̟iri] (third-person indicative)
  • IPA(key): /ˈkiriˣ/, [ˈk̟iri(ʔ)] (imperative, indicative connegative)
  • Rhymes: -iri
  • Syllabification(key): ki‧ri

Verb

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kiri

  1. inflection of kiriä:
    1. third-person singular past indicative
    2. present active indicative connegative
    3. second-person singular present imperative
    4. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Anagrams

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Indonesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Malay kiri, from Proto-Malayic *(kA-)iri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ka-)wiʀi, Proto-Austronesian *(ka-)wiʀi.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈki.ri/
  • Rhymes: -ri
  • Hyphenation: ki‧ri

Adjective

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kiri

  1. left (the west side of the body when one is facing north)
  2. (politics) left-wing
    Melawan kaum kiri bisa dimulai hari ini juga!
    You can start fighting left-wingers now!

Antonyms

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Japanese

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Romanization

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kiri

  1. Rōmaji transcription of きり
  2. Rōmaji transcription of キリ

Malay

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayic *(kA-)iri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ka-)wiʀi (compare Makasar kairi), from Proto-Austronesian *(ka-)wiʀi, a prefixed form of *wiʀi.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kiri (Jawi spelling کيري)

  1. left (the west side of the body when one is facing north)

Antonyms

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Descendants

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Maltese

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Root
k-r-j
2 terms

Etymology

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From Arabic كِرَاء (kirāʔ). Doublet of kera.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kiri m

  1. verbal noun of kera: renting

Maori

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *kili (compare with Hawaiian ʻili), from Proto-Oceanic *kulit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit (compare with Malay kulit), from Proto-Austronesian *kuliC (rind).

Noun

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kiri

  1. (anatomy) skin
  2. peel, bark, rind
  3. hide, leather
  4. surface

References

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  • kiri” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Rapa Nui

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Noun

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kiri

  1. skin
  2. bark (of a tree)

Derived terms

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Sranan Tongo

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Etymology

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From English kill.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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kiri

  1. (transitive) To kill, to murder.
  2. (transitive) To end, to shut down.

Derived terms

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Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic أَقَرَّ (ʔaqarra).

Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-kiri (infinitive kukiri)

  1. to accept, admit, acknowledge, recognise

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -kiri
Positive present -nakiri
Subjunctive -kiri
Negative -kiri
Imperative singular kiri
Infinitives
Positive kukiri
Negative kutokiri
Imperatives
Singular kiri
Plural kirini
Tensed forms
Habitual hukiri
Positive past positive subject concord + -likiri
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukiri
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakiri)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakiri/nakiri tunakiri
2nd person unakiri mnakiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakiri wanakiri
other classes positive subject concord + -nakiri
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kiri)
Singular Plural
1st person sikiri hatukiri
2nd person hukiri hamkiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakiri hawakiri
other classes negative subject concord + -kiri
Positive future positive subject concord + -takiri
Negative future negative subject concord + -takiri
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kiri)
Singular Plural
1st person nikiri tukiri
2nd person ukiri mkiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akiri wakiri
other classes positive subject concord + -kiri
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikiri
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekiri
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekiri
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikiri
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikiri
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akiri)
Singular Plural
1st person nakiri twakiri
2nd person wakiri mwakiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akiri wakiri
m-mi(III/IV) wakiri yakiri
ji-ma(V/VI) lakiri yakiri
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakiri vyakiri
n(IX/X) yakiri zakiri
u(XI) wakiri see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakiri
pa(XVI) pakiri
mu(XVIII) mwakiri
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekiri
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakiri
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakiri
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikiri
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokiri
Consecutive kakiri / positive subject concord + -kakiri
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakiri
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikiri -tukiri
2nd person -kukiri -wakiri/-kukirini/-wakirini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkiri -wakiri
m-mi(III/IV) -ukiri -ikiri
ji-ma(V/VI) -likiri -yakiri
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikiri -vikiri
n(IX/X) -ikiri -zikiri
u(XI) -ukiri see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukiri
pa(XVI) -pakiri
mu(XVIII) -mukiri
Reflexive -jikiri
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kiri- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kiriye -kirio
m-mi(III/IV) -kirio -kiriyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kirilo -kiriyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiricho -kirivyo
n(IX/X) -kiriyo -kirizo
u(XI) -kirio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kiriko
pa(XVI) -kiripo
mu(XVIII) -kirimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kiri)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekiri -okiri
m-mi(III/IV) -okiri -yokiri
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokiri -yokiri
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokiri -vyokiri
n(IX/X) -yokiri -zokiri
u(XI) -okiri see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokiri
pa(XVI) -pokiri
mu(XVIII) -mokiri
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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Tagalog

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kirí (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜇᜒ)

  1. flirtatious; coquettish (of women)
    Synonyms: malimbang, mapanlimbang, landi, malandi, talandi, hitad
  2. libidinous; lascivious (of women)
    Synonyms: landi, talandi, kirimpot, hitad, handak, handarak, balihanda, libog, malibog

Noun

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kirí (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜇᜒ)

  1. flirt; coquette
    Synonyms: haliparot, landi, alembong
  2. siren (women who lures, tempts, or entices)