ἀριθμός
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See also: αριθμός
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ri-dʰh₁-mó-s, from *h₂rey- (“to count, arrange”). Cognates include Old Irish rím, Old English rīm (English rhyme), and perhaps Latin rītus. Also compare νήριτος (nḗritos, “countless”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ritʰ.mós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /a.ritʰˈmos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /a.riθˈmos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /a.riθˈmos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /a.riθˈmos/
Noun
[edit]ᾰ̓ρῐθμός • (arithmós) m (genitive ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Koine)
- number
- quantity, amount (of a material, gold, money, time)
- numbered or countable item (in a series or list), item; piece (of a wrecked ship); mere entity, cipher (to a person)
- taking account or evaluation; regard (for a woman); reckoning (by a person's words)
- numbering, counting
- arithmetic
- (philosophy) abstract number
- (grammar) number
- numeral
- science of numbers, arithmetic, calculation
- mathematical unit or aggregate of units, number (as odd or even); (as underlying the organisation of time and space); (as the cause of being and generation);(existing as an ideal entity, opp. as a mathematical object)
- (rhetoric) rhythm
- numerical sum, number, total number (of persons, animals, things)
- (rhetorical) numerical measurement (of the configuration of speech, reference to rhythm)
- collection (of individuals forming a group), number, company (of men, envoys, disciples)
- military unit (= Latin numerus)
- (astrology, usually in the plural) degrees moved traversed in a given time
- (medicine) precise condition
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ᾰ̓ρῐθμός ho arithmós |
τὼ ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ tṑ arithmṓ |
οἱ ᾰ̓ρῐθμοί hoi arithmoí | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ toû arithmoû |
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖν toîn arithmoîn |
τῶν ᾰ̓ρῐθμῶν tôn arithmôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ᾰ̓ρῐθμῷ tôi arithmôi |
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖν toîn arithmoîn |
τοῖς ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖς toîs arithmoîs | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ᾰ̓ρῐθμόν tòn arithmón |
τὼ ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ tṑ arithmṓ |
τοὺς ᾰ̓ρῐθμούς toùs arithmoús | ||||||||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓ρῐθμέ arithmé |
ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ arithmṓ |
ᾰ̓ρῐθμοί arithmoí | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- Ἀρῐθμοί (Arithmoí)
- ἀριθμέω (arithméō)
- ἀριθμητικός (arithmētikós)
- ἀριθμητική (τέχνη) (arithmētikḗ (tékhnē), “(art of) counting”)
- ἀριθμητικός (arithmētikós)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀριθμός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131
Further reading
[edit]- “ἀριθμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀριθμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀριθμός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀριθμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἀριθμός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἀριθμός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἀριθμός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G706 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- arithmetic idem, page 39.
- assortment idem, page 47.
- batch idem, page 65.
- cipher idem, page 132.
- ciphering idem, page 132.
- computation idem, page 154.
- quantity idem, page 663.
- set idem, page 756.
- size idem, page 780.
- sum idem, page 837.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂rey-
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Epic Greek
- Attic Greek
- Ionic Greek
- Doric Greek
- Koine Greek
- grc:Philosophy
- grc:Grammar
- grc:Rhetoric
- grc:Astrology
- grc:Medicine