反芻
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See also: 反刍
Chinese
[edit]wrong side out or up; anti- | surname; cut grass; hay surname; cut grass; hay; straw; fodder | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (反芻) | 反 | 芻 | |
simp. (反刍) | 反 | 刍 | |
alternative forms | 反蒭 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): faan2 co1
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): hoán-chho͘
- (Teochew, Peng'im): huang2 cu1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˇ ㄔㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fǎnchú
- Wade–Giles: fan3-chʻu2
- Yale: fǎn-chú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faanchwu
- Palladius: фаньчу (fanʹču)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: faan2 co1
- Yale: fáan chō
- Cantonese Pinyin: faan2 tso1
- Guangdong Romanization: fan2 co1
- Sinological IPA (key): /faːn³⁵ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoán-chho͘
- Tâi-lô: huán-tshoo
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoafnzhof
- IPA (Xiamen): /huan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: huang2 cu1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huáng tshu
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰu³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
Verb
[edit]反芻
- to ruminate; to chew the cud
- (figurative) to meditate on; to mull over (past events)
Synonyms
[edit]- (to ruminate):
Dialectal synonyms of 反芻 (“to ruminate; to chew the cud”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 反芻, 倒嚼, 倒噍 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 反芻, 倒嚼 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 倒噍 |
Xi'an | 倒磨 | |
Xining | 倒磨 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 倒磨 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 回嚼 |
Liuzhou | 反草 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 翻草 |
Hakka | Meixian | 倒胲 |
Huidong (Daling) | 倒草 | |
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 翻肚 | |
Changting | 倒草 | |
Wuping | 倒草 | |
Wuping (Pingyu) | 倒草 | |
Liancheng | 倒草 | |
Ruijin | 倒草 | |
Shicheng | 倒草 | |
Shangyou (Shexi) | 倒草 | |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 倒草 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 倒草 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 倒草 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 倒草 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 倒草 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 翻草 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 倒草 |
Jin | Xinzhou | 倒嚼 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 翻草, 倒噍 |
Zhangzhou | 倒噍 | |
Tainan | 翻草 | |
Wu | Jinhua | 轉嚼 |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
反 | 芻 |
はん Grade: 3 |
すう Hyōgai |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
反すう |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (of cows, etc...) rumination, regurgitation
- (figurative) meditating on, pondering
Verb
[edit]反芻する • (hansū suru) suru (stem 反芻し (hansū shi), past 反芻した (hansū shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "反芻する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 反芻し | はんすうし | hansū shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 反芻し | はんすうし | hansū shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 反芻する | はんすうする | hansū suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 反芻する | はんすうする | hansū suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 反芻すれ | はんすうすれ | hansū sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 反芻せよ¹ 反芻しろ² |
はんすうせよ¹ はんすうしろ² |
hansū seyo¹ hansū shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 反芻される | はんすうされる | hansū sareru | |
Causative | 反芻させる 反芻さす |
はんすうさせる はんすうさす |
hansū saseru hansū sasu | |
Potential | 反芻できる | はんすうできる | hansū dekiru | |
Volitional | 反芻しよう | はんすうしよう | hansū shiyō | |
Negative | 反芻しない | はんすうしない | hansū shinai | |
Negative continuative | 反芻せず | はんすうせず | hansū sezu | |
Formal | 反芻します | はんすうします | hansū shimasu | |
Perfective | 反芻した | はんすうした | hansū shita | |
Conjunctive | 反芻して | はんすうして | hansū shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 反芻すれば | はんすうすれば | hansū sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 反
- Chinese terms spelled with 芻
- Japanese terms spelled with 反 read as はん
- Japanese terms spelled with 芻 read as すう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Japanese terms with usage examples