它
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See also: 牠
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]它 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 十心 (JP), four-corner 30711, composition ⿱宀匕)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7057
- Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 910, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5B83
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 它 | ||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) : a snake. This is now written as the derivative 蛇 (OC *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal).
The character was later borrowed for the then-homophonous third-person pronoun (“he/she/it”). Today 他 (tā) is used for male or gender-unspecified “he” and 她 (tā) for “she”.
Pronunciation 1
[edit]trad. | 它/牠 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 它 | |
牠 - chiefly used to refer to animals |
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): taa1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thâ
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thaⁿ / tha / tho / tô
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ta
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ta
- Wade–Giles: tʻa1
- Yale: tā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ta
- Palladius: та (ta)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: taa1
- Yale: tā
- Cantonese Pinyin: taa1
- Guangdong Romanization: ta1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thâ
- Hakka Romanization System: ta´
- Hagfa Pinyim: ta1
- Sinological IPA: /tʰa²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
Note:
- thaⁿ/tha - vernacular;
- tho/tô - literary.
- Middle Chinese: tha
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤaj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːl/
Definitions
[edit]它
- third-person singular pronoun for inanimate objects; it
- (chiefly simplified Chinese) third-person singular pronoun for animals; it
- (obsolete) general third-person singular pronoun; he; she; they (singular); it
- A dummy pronoun.
- Alternative form: 他
- 2001, Chiung Yao, 36:26 from the start, in 情深深雨濛濛, episode 2 (Mainland editions):
- crooked; evil
- a surname
Usage notes
[edit]- In traditional Chinese, there is generally a distinction between 它 and 牠; the former refers exclusively to inanimate objects, while the latter refers exclusively to animals.
- In simplified Chinese, only 它 is used for both inanimate objects and animals.
See also
[edit]Standard Mandarin Chinese personal pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
Person | Singular | Plural | |
1st | — | 我 (wǒ) | 我們/我们 (wǒmen) |
inclusive | 咱們/咱们 (zánmen) | ||
2nd | male/indefinite | 你 (nǐ) | 你們/你们 (nǐmen) |
female | 妳/你 (nǐ) | 妳們/你们 (nǐmen) | |
deity | 祢 (nǐ) | 祢們/祢们 (nǐmen) | |
polite | 您 (nín) | 你們/你们 (nǐmen) 您們/您们 (nínmen) | |
3rd | male/indefinite | 他 (tā) | 他們/他们 (tāmen) |
female | 她 (tā) | 她們/她们 (tāmen) | |
deity | 祂 (tā) | 祂們/祂们 (tāmen) | |
animal | 牠/它 (tā) | 牠們/它们 (tāmen) | |
inanimate | 它 (tā) | 它們/它们 (tāmen) |
- (Classical Chinese, gender and number neutral - he, she, it, they) 其 (qí)
- (Hokkien, Teochew, Wu, gender neutral - he, she, it) 伊
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Gan, gender neutral - he, she, it) 佢, 渠
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]simp. and trad. |
它 |
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- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tuo
- Wade–Giles: tʻo1
- Yale: twō
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuo
- Palladius: то (to)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]它
Pronunciation 3
[edit]simp. and trad. |
它 |
---|
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yí
- Wade–Giles: i2
- Yale: yí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]它
- Only used in 它它.
Pronunciation 4
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 它 – see 蛇 (“snake; serpent; illegal immigrant; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 蛇). |
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]它
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Readings
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]它: Hán Nôm readings: dà, đà, tha
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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