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[[File:Val padana.jpg|thumb||right|200px|Satellite image of the Po Valley]]
[[File:Padania-Italia.png|thumb|right|Padania, in its stricter sense, highlighted upon Italy]]

'''Padania''' is an alternative name for the [[Po Valley]] in [[Italy]].

⚫
The name ''Padania'' was sparingly used until the early 1990s, when [[Lega Nord]], a regionalist and, at times, separatist political party proposed the term as a possible denomination for an autonomous [[Northern Italy]]. Since then, the term has carried strong political connotations.

==Geograhy ==
⚫
In the true geographical sense, Padania refers to the valley of the [[Po (river)|Po river]], ''Padus'' in [[Latin language|Latin]]. The term has been used only as a socio-economic denomination as the terms ''Pianura Padana'' or ''Val Padana'' are the standard denomination in [[geography]] textbooks and atlases.

Since the 1960s journalist [[Gianni Brera]] used the term ''Padania'' for [[Cisalpine Gaul]].

⚫
[[Lega Nord]], a political party born in 1991 by the union of several Northern regional parties, later used the term for a similar geographical range, but with political and socio-economic connotations. Since the early 1990s, therefore, Padania's boundaries are usually defined according to the [[regions of Italy|Italian regions]] which approximate the historical regional languages which divide Northern Italy from Central-Southern Italy along the [[La Spezia-Rimini Line|La Spezia-Rimini line]].

⚫
==Politics==
⚫
{{Main|Lega Nord|Padanian nationalism}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
|native_name = Padania
|native_name = Padania
Line 11: Line 27:
}}
}}


⚫
Since 1991 [[Lega Nord]], a federation of Northern regionalist parties (notably including [[Lega Lombarda]] and [[Liga Veneta]]), has promoted first [[secession]] and later [[autonomous area|autonomy]] for ''Padania'', proposing also a [[flag]] and a [[national anthem]]. In 1997, Lega Nord also created an unofficial Padanian [[Parliament]] in [[Mantua]] and held [[Lega Nord#1997 Padanian elections|elections]] for that Parliament. As national anthem Lega Nord chose the ''[[Va, pensiero]]'' chorus from [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s ''[[Nabucco]]'', in which the exiled Hebrew slaves lament for their lost homeland. Since 1998 Lega Nord organized a [[Padania national football team]], winner of the [[VIVA World Cup]] in [[2008 VIVA World Cup|2008]], [[2009 VIVA World Cup|2009]] and [[2010 VIVA World Cup|2010]].
⚫
'''Padania''' is an alternative name for the [[Po Valley]] in [[Italy]]. The name ''Padania'' was sparingly used until the early 1990s, when [[Lega Nord]], a regionalist and, at times, separatist political party proposed the term as a possible denomination for an autonomous [[Northern Italy]]. Since then, the term has carried strong political connotations.

==Territory==
⚫
In the true geographical sense, Padania refers to the valley of the [[Po (river)|Po river]], ''Padus'' in [[Latin language|Latin]]. The term has been used only as a socio-economic denomination as the terms ''Pianura Padana'' or ''Val Padana'' are the standard denomination in [[geography]] textbooks and atlases.

⚫
Since the 1960s journalist [[Gianni Brera]] used the term ''Padania'' for [[Cisalpine Gaul]]. [[Lega Nord]], a political party born in 1991 by the union of several Northern regional parties, later used the term for a similar geographical range, but with political and socio-economic connotations. Since the early 1990s, therefore, Padania's boundaries are usually defined according to the [[regions of Italy|Italian regions]] which approximate the historical regional languages which divide Northern Italy from Central-Southern Italy along the [[La Spezia-Rimini Line|La Spezia-Rimini line]].


According to [[Lega Nord]]'s ''Declaration of Independence and Sovereignty of Padania'',<ref name="ind"/> Padania is composed of the following regions (for a total of 14 "nations": [[Lombardy]], [[Veneto]], [[Piedmont]], [[Tuscany]], [[Emilia (region of Italy)|Emilia]], [[Liguria]], [[Marche]], [[Romagna]], [[Umbria]], [[Friuli]], [[Province of Trento|Trentino]], [[Province of Bolzano-Bozen|Alto Adige/Südtirol]], [[Venezia Giulia]], [[Aosta Valley]]):
According to [[Lega Nord]]'s ''Declaration of Independence and Sovereignty of Padania'',<ref name="ind"/> Padania is composed of the following regions (for a total of 14 "nations": [[Lombardy]], [[Veneto]], [[Piedmont]], [[Tuscany]], [[Emilia (region of Italy)|Emilia]], [[Liguria]], [[Marche]], [[Romagna]], [[Umbria]], [[Friuli]], [[Province of Trento|Trentino]], [[Province of Bolzano-Bozen|Alto Adige/Südtirol]], [[Venezia Giulia]], [[Aosta Valley]]):
Line 80: Line 91:
|}
|}


⚫
While support for a [[federalism|federal system]], as opposed to a centrally administered State, receives widespread consensus within ''Padania'', support for independence is less favoured. One poll back in [[1996]] (when secession was first proposed) estimated that 52.4% of interviewees from [[Northern Italy]] considered [[secession]] advantageous (''vantaggiosa'') and 23.2% both advantageous and convenient (''auspicabile'').<ref>{{cite journal
⚫
==Politics==
⚫
{{Main|Lega Nord|Padanian nationalism}}
⚫
Since 1991 [[Lega Nord]], a federation of Northern regionalist parties (notably including [[Lega Lombarda]] and [[Liga Veneta]]), has promoted either [[secession]] or larger [[autonomous area|autonomy]] for ''Padania'', proposing also a [[flag]] and a [[national anthem]]. In 1997, Lega Nord also created an unofficial Padanian [[Parliament]] in [[Mantua]] and held [[Lega Nord#1997 Padanian elections|elections]] for that Parliament. As national anthem Lega Nord chose the ''[[Va, pensiero]]'' chorus from [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s ''[[Nabucco]]'', in which the exiled Hebrew slaves lament for their lost homeland. Since 1998 Lega Nord organized a [[Padania national football team]], winner of the [[VIVA World Cup]] in [[2008 VIVA World Cup|2008]], [[2009 VIVA World Cup|2009]] and [[2010 VIVA World Cup|2010]].

⚫
While support for a [[federalism|federal system]], as opposed to a centrally administered State, receives widespread consensus within ''Padania'', support for independence is less favoured. One poll in 1996 estimated that 52.4% of interviewees from [[Northern Italy]] considered [[secession]] advantageous (''vantaggiosa'') and 23.2% both advantageous and convenient (''auspicabile'').<ref>{{cite journal
|url = http://www.limesonline.com
|url = http://www.limesonline.com
|author = Ilvo Diamanti
|author = Ilvo Diamanti
Line 91: Line 98:
|journal = [[Limes (magazine)|Limes]]
|journal = [[Limes (magazine)|Limes]]
|date = 1996-01-01
|date = 1996-01-01
}}</ref>
}}</ref> Another poll in 2000 estimated that about 20% of Padanians (18.3% in North-West Italy and 27.4% in North-East Italy) supported [[secession]] in case Italy is not reformed into a federal State.<ref>''[[L'Indipendente]]'', 23 August 2000.</ref>


A poll, conducted by SWG in June 2010, reports that 61% of Italians are in favour of federalism, while 55% still consider the ''Padania'' as a non-existant polity and only a political invention. <ref>{{cite web
A poll, conducted by SWG in June 2010, reports that 61% of Italians are in favour of federalism, while 55% still consider the ''Padania'' as a non-existant polity and only a political invention. <ref>{{cite web

Revision as of 12:01, 21 December 2010

Satellite image of the Po Valley
Padania, in its stricter sense, highlighted upon Italy

Padania is an alternative name for the Po Valley in Italy.

The name Padania was sparingly used until the early 1990s, when Lega Nord, a regionalist and, at times, separatist political party proposed the term as a possible denomination for an autonomous Northern Italy. Since then, the term has carried strong political connotations.

Geograhy

In the true geographical sense, Padania refers to the valley of the Po river, Padus in Latin. The term has been used only as a socio-economic denomination as the terms Pianura Padana or Val Padana are the standard denomination in geography textbooks and atlases.

Since the 1960s journalist Gianni Brera used the term Padania for Cisalpine Gaul.

Lega Nord, a political party born in 1991 by the union of several Northern regional parties, later used the term for a similar geographical range, but with political and socio-economic connotations. Since the early 1990s, therefore, Padania's boundaries are usually defined according to the Italian regions which approximate the historical regional languages which divide Northern Italy from Central-Southern Italy along the La Spezia-Rimini line.

Politics

Main articles: Lega Nord and Padanian nationalism
Padania
Flag of Padania
Map of Padania as claimed by Lega Nord[1]
Map of Padania as claimed by Lega Nord[1]
Area
• Total
161,076 km2 (62,192 sq mi)
Population
• 2009 estimate
33,757,031

Since 1991 Lega Nord, a federation of Northern regionalist parties (notably including Lega Lombarda and Liga Veneta), has promoted first secession and later autonomy for Padania, proposing also a flag and a national anthem. In 1997, Lega Nord also created an unofficial Padanian Parliament in Mantua and held elections for that Parliament. As national anthem Lega Nord chose the Va, pensiero chorus from Giuseppe Verdi's Nabucco, in which the exiled Hebrew slaves lament for their lost homeland. Since 1998 Lega Nord organized a Padania national football team, winner of the VIVA World Cup in 2008, 2009 and 2010.

According to Lega Nord's Declaration of Independence and Sovereignty of Padania,[1] Padania is composed of the following regions (for a total of 14 "nations": Lombardy, Veneto, Piedmont, Tuscany, Emilia, Liguria, Marche, Romagna, Umbria, Friuli, Trentino, Alto Adige/Südtirol, Venezia Giulia, Aosta Valley):

Region Population Area (km²)
Lombardy 9,826,141 23,865
Veneto 4,912,438 18,391
Piedmont 4,446,230 25,399
Emilia-Romagna 4,377,435 22,451
Liguria 1,615,986 5,422
Friuli-Venezia Giulia 1,234,079 7,845
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol 1,028,260 13,607
Aosta Valley 127,866 3,263
Northern Italy 27,568,435 120,243
Tuscany 3,730,130 22,993
Marche 1,557,676 9,366
Umbria 900,790 8,456
Padania (total) 33,757,031 161,076

While support for a federal system, as opposed to a centrally administered State, receives widespread consensus within Padania, support for independence is less favoured. One poll back in 1996 (when secession was first proposed) estimated that 52.4% of interviewees from Northern Italy considered secession advantageous (vantaggiosa) and 23.2% both advantageous and convenient (auspicabile).[2]

A poll, conducted by SWG in June 2010, reports that 61% of Italians are in favour of federalism, while 55% still consider the Padania as a non-existant polity and only a political invention. [3]

Languages

Main article: Northern Italian languages

The dominant language in the area is standard Italian. French, Franco-Provençal, Occitan, German, Ladin and Slovene are spoken close to the border areas and are officially recognized by the State as minority languages.

Several local Northern Italian languages are very commonly used. Veneto is generally considered to be the region where the local language continues to be used most as about 75% of the Venetian population speaks Venetian.[4][5] Older people are more likely to speak the local language than younger people and also use a less Italianized version. These so-called dialects are considered to be regional minority languages by the Red Book of Endangered Languages of UNESCO, the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages of the Council of Europe and Ethnologue: Languages of the World by SIL International. The several local Northern languages include Venetian, Friulian, Lombard, Ligurian, Emiliano-Romagnolo and Piedmontese.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Declaration of Independence and Sovereignty of Padania – Lega Nord
  2. ^ Ilvo Diamanti (1 January 1996). "Il Nord senza Italia?". Limes. L'Espresso.
  3. ^ SWG (26 February 2004). "Gli italiani non credono nella Padania. Ma al Nord prevale il sì alla secessione". Affaritaliani.it.
  4. ^ http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20070420_00/testointegrale.pdf
  5. ^ http://www.raixevenete.net/documenti/doc370.asp

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