Search results

In probability theory and statistics, the exponential distribution or negative exponential distribution is the probability distribution of the distance...

In mathematics, the quaternion number system extends the complex numbers. Quaternions were first described by the Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton...

A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical...

In mathematics, fuzzy sets (also known as uncertain sets) are sets whose elements have degrees of membership. Fuzzy sets were introduced independently...

Model selection is the task of selecting a model from among various candidates on the basis of performance criterion to choose the best one. In the context...

In statistics, multinomial logistic regression is a classification method that generalizes logistic regression to multiclass problems, i.e. with more than...

Methods of computing square roots are algorithms for approximating the non-negative square root S {\displaystyle {\sqrt {S}}} of a positive real number...

Bhāskara II ([bʰɑːskərə]; c.1114–1185), also known as Bhāskarāchārya (lit. 'Bhāskara the teacher'), was an Indian polymath, mathematician, astronomer and...

In cryptography, a transposition cipher (also known as a permutation cipher) is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (transposition)...

In statistics, a random effects model, also called a variance components model, is a statistical model where the model parameters are random variables...

Taguchi methods (Japanese: タグチメソッド) are statistical methods, sometimes called robust design methods, developed by Genichi Taguchi to improve the quality...

Frank Harary (March 11, 1921 – January 4, 2005) was an American mathematician, who specialized in graph theory. He was widely recognized as one of the...

Spacetime topology is the topological structure of spacetime, a topic studied primarily in general relativity. This physical theory models gravitation...

In algorithmic information theory, algorithmic probability, also known as Solomonoff probability, is a mathematical method of assigning a prior probability...

In mathematics, the Lucas–Lehmer–Riesel test is a primality test for numbers of the form N = k ⋅ 2n − 1 with odd k < 2n. The test was developed by Hans...

Thomae's function is a real-valued function of a real variable that can be defined as:: 531  f ( x ) = { 1 q if  x = p q ( x  is rational), with  p ∈ Z...

A standard Sudoku contains 81 cells, in a 9×9 grid, and has 9 boxes, each box being the intersection of the first, middle, or last 3 rows, and the first...

In mathematics, a Grassmann–Cayley algebra is the exterior algebra with an additional product, which may be called the shuffle product or the regressive...

In mathematics, the multiplicative ergodic theorem, or Oseledets theorem provides the theoretical background for computation of Lyapunov exponents of a...

Plausible reasoning is a method of deriving new conclusions from given known premises, a method different from the classical syllogistic argumentation...