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==Economy==
==Economy==
High tech, services, distribution, life sciences, hospitality, local government, education and tourism offer local jobs. A 618,000 square feet (57,400 m2) distribution center serves [[BJ's Wholesale Club]]'s, northern division.
High tech, services, distribution, life sciences, hospitality, local government, education and tourism offer local jobs. A 618,000 square feet (57,400 m2) distribution center serves [[BJ's Wholesale Club]]'s, northern division. August 2011 unemployment was 7.4% <ref>[http://lmi2.detma.org/lmi/lmi_area.asp?areatype=05&area=000294 NECTA, Labor data, Uxbridge]</ref>


==Education==
==Education==

Revision as of 00:45, 25 September 2011

Uxbridge
Taft Brothers Block, Downtown Uxbridge
Taft Brothers Block, Downtown Uxbridge
Nickname: 
"Home of America's First Woman Voter"
Location in Worcester County in Massachusetts
Location in Worcester County in Massachusetts
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyWorcester
Settled1662
Incorporated1727
Government
 • TypeRepresentative town meeting
 • Chair, Board of SelectmenBruce Desilets
 • Vice Chair, Board of SelectmenBeth Pittman
 • Clerk, Board of SelectmenPeter Petrillo
 • SelectmenCarrie Kay Robertson, Jay Cahill
 • Town ManagerMichael A Szlosek
Area
 • Total30.4 sq mi (78.7 km2)
 • Land29.5 sq mi (76.5 km2)
 • Water0.8 sq mi (2.1 km2)
Elevation
270 ft (82 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total13,457
 • Density442.66/sq mi (170.77/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (Eastern)
ZIP code
01569, 01538, 01525
Area code508 / 774
FIPS code25-71620
GNIS feature ID0618387
Websitehttp://www.uxbridge-ma.gov/

Uxbridge is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, in the United States. It was first settled in 1662, incorporated in 1727, and named for the Earl of Uxbridge. Uxbridge is 16 miles (26 km) south-southeast of Worcester, 20 miles (32 km) north-northwest of Providence, and 34 miles (55 km) southwest of Boston. It is part of the Greater Boston[1] and Worcester metro areas. The 2010 census showed 13,457 people. Uxbridge includes the villages of North Uxbridge, Linwood (in part), Wheelockville, and Ironstone (South Uxbridge).

Uxbridge, a "mini tapestry of early America",[2] marks the center of the Blackstone Valley Heritage Corridor, a key region of America's earliest industrialization. There are more than 375 state or national historic sites. Uxbridge was known for woolens, since Cashmere woolens, and military uniforms were made here for 140 years. The first woolen mill in the Blackstone Valley was built here in 1809. The Bachman Uxbridge Worsted Company's proposed 1954 buyout of the American Woolen Company would have created America's largest woolen conglomerate.[3] The first Air Force Dress Uniform, "Uxbridge Blue", was made here. Uxbridge played roles in women's rights with first woman voter, Lydia Taft,[4] American Revolution soldier, Deborah Sampson, 3) abolitionist Abby Kelley, and Massachusetts's first women jurors. Seth Reed fought at Bunker Hill, and was "instrumental" in adding E Pluribus Unum, ('From Many, One'), to U.S. Coins.[5]

History

Colonial era, Quakers, Revolution

John Eliot started Praying Indian villages (Wacentug) among the Nipmuc.[6][7][8] Natives sold land to settlers in 1662,[9] "for 24 pound Ster".[9][9][10] Mendon burned in King Phillips War. West Mendon became Uxbridge in 1727, and Farnum House held the first town meeting.[11] The 1728 Town Meeting, funded 15 gallons of 'ye good rum for ye raising of ye meeting house'. Nathan Webb's church, was the first new Congregational church in the Great Awakening.[12] Lydia Taft, voted in the 1756 Town meeting, a first for women.[4] Smithfield, RI Quakers came here and built mills, railroads, houses, tools and Conestoga wagon wheels.[13][14][15] Southwick's store housed the "Social and Instructive Library". Friends Meetinghouse, built of local bricks on Farnum's farm, had abolitionist" Abby Kelley as a member.[16][17][18][19] Seth & Joseph Read and Simeon Wheelock joined Committees of Correspondence.[20] Baxter Hall, was a Revolutionary War drummer.[21] Seth Read fought at Bunker Hill, and the Canadian campaign. Washington stopped at Reed's tavern, en-route to command the Continental Army.[22][23] Samuel Spring, was a Revolutionary war chaplain.[24] Deborah Sampson, a woman posing as a man, enlisted in the Continental Army as "Robert Shurtlieff of Uxbridge".[25] Shays' Rebellion's, opening salvos led Gov. Hancock to suppress town riots.[26][27] Lt. Simeon Wheelock, died at Springfield, protecting the armory.[13] Seth Reed petitioned the state legislature, to mint "coppers", and was instrumental adding E pluribus unum to coins.[5][20][28] President Washington, slept here on his Inaugural tour.[29][30]

Early transportation, education and public health

The Tafts built the Middle Post Road's Blackstone River bridge.[31] "Teamsters" drove horse "team" freight wagons, on the Worcester-Providence stage route, giving Uxbridge the nickname of "a crossroads village". Construction of the Blackstone Canal brought horsedrawn barges which made Uxbridge their overnight stop.[9][32][33] Completion of the P&W Railroad in 1848 ended canal traffic. A 1788 grammar school was followed by 13 one room schools, built for just $2000. Uxbridge Academy, which began in 1818, became a prestigious New England Prep School. Uxbridge voted against smallpox vaccine in 1775,[4] recorded high infant mortality ,[22] Benedict Arnold's widow's death, and "Quincy", smallpox, "dysentary", and tuberculosis deaths.[13][22] Dr. Leonard White, filed an 1896 malaria public health report that led to a plan for[34] his son to collect mosquitoes for study, and citizens to add window screens and drain standing water, firsts in malaria preventive medicine.[34]

Industrial era: 19th century to mid-20th century

Large industries began by 1775.[35] Richard Mowry, built and marketed equipment to manufacture woolen, linen or cotton cloth.[2][36] Gristmills, sawmills, forges, bog iron, distilleries, and 20 mills developed.[6][13] Daniel Day built the Valley's first woolen mill in 1809.[4][9] In 1855, 560 local workers made 2.5 million yards of cloth,(14,204 miles).[6][13][35] Entrepreneur's firsts included woolen power looms, satinets, vertical textile integration to clothes, wool-nylon serge, wool synthetic blends, "poodle cloth", 'wash and wear' fabric, new yarn spinning techniques, and latch hook kits. Villages developed with mills, shops, housing, farms, (aka The Rhode Island System), and baseball leagues. Wm.Arnold's 1814 Ironstone cotton mill, made Blue Jeans.[13] Seth Read's gristmill became Bay State Arms. John Capron's 1820 mill made the first American satinets.[6][9][35][37] Hecla and Wheelockville had American Woolen, Waucantuck Mill Complex, and Hilena Lowell's shoe factory. Wheelock&Taft's Calumet (Central Woolen) ran 24/7 making Civil War cloth[13] completing a vertical integration business model.[38] North Uxbridge had Clapp's 1810 Cotton Mill, Sayles Rivulet Mill, Blanchard's granite quarry, and Rogerson's village. Crown and Eagle Mill, was 'a masterpiece of early industrial architecture'. Bachman Uxbridge Worsted 's, 13 plants, topped women's fashions.,[39] and proposed a buyout to be the top US woolen company.[40] It made Civil War, World War I, World War II Army, nurse corps, and the first Air Force 'dress uniforms' "Uxbridge Blue".[13][41]

Mid-20th century to present

Blackstone Canal Park
Bernat Mill

State and national parks developed around the mills and rivers were restored.[42] The Great Gatsby (1974) and Oliver's Story (1978) were filmed locally including Stanley Woolen Mill. The National Heritage Corridor[43] contains the 1,000-acre (4.0 km2)Blackstone Canal Heritage State Park,[44] 9 miles (14 km) of the Blackstone River Bikeway,[45] the Southern New England Trunkline Trail, and West Hill Dam and wildlife refuge.[46] 60 Federalist homes[13] add to 54 National, and 375 state-listed historic sites, including Georgian Elmshade.[13] A 2007 fire destroyed the Bernat Mill but Capron's mill was preserved,.[47] Stanley mill is being restored while Waucantuck mill, was razed. See National historic sites. The area offers scenic golf courses, B & B, and hospitality venues.

Notable families and people

Robert Taft I, (1680) was patriarch of an American dynasty. Taft's grandson's widow, Lydia (Chapin), was "America's first woman voter".[4] Samuel Taft hosted George Washington's inaugural tour.[4] Ezra Taft(T.) Benson was an LDS Church Apostle, Hawaii missionary, and Utah legislator. Great grandson, Ezra Taft Benson, was U.S. Secretary of Agriculture and LDS President. Luke Taft built 2 water powered mills, and son, Moses built Stanley Woolen Mill. Peter Rawson Taft I's son, Secretary of War Alphonso Taft delivered a speech on Taft family history at an Elmshade reunion.[48] Alfonso's son, William Howard Taft, visited Samuel Taft House in 1910 with Gov. Eben Draper.[49] Arthur MacArthur, Sr. became Governor, Lt. Governor and Supreme Court Justice in Wisconsin and Washington, D.C. and his grandson, was Gen. Douglas MacArthur. Seth Read[50] founded Erie, PA and Geneva, NY, and his descendents were Congressmen and Great Lakes ship captains.[5][20][28] Paul C. Whitin, founded the Whitin Machine Works. Phineas Bruce and Benjamin Adams were U.S. Congressmen. Joshua Macomber and William Augustus Mowry were educators. Edward Sullivan (US Marine), won a Medal of Honor in the Spanish-American War. Alice Bridges won an Olympic bronze in the backstroke in 1936's Berlin Olympics.[51] Tim Fortugno pitched for the California Angels, Chicago White Sox and Cincinnati Reds, (1990's). Senator Richard Moore was FEMA executive (1994–1996), a key co-author of the 2006 landmark Massachusetts healthcare access law, and President of the National Conference of State Legislatures, (2010–2011).[52][53] Brian Skerry is a "legendary" photojournalist with National Geographic. Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. is a curator of Baroque Art at the National Gallery.[54] Jacqueline Liebergott,was the first woman president of Emerson College. Jeannine Oppewall, film art producer, has 30+ films, and 4 Academy Awards nominations for best art direction of LA Confidential, Pleasantville, "Seabiscuit" and The Good Shepherd. Her film art is recognized in more films including The Big Easy, The Bridges of Madison County and Catch Me If You Can. (see also list of notable residents)

Government

State government
State Representative(s): Ryan Fattman (R)
Kevin J. Kuros (R)
State Senator(s): Richard T. Moore (D)
Governor's Councilor(s): Jen Caissie (R)
Federal government
U.S. Representative(s): Richard E. Neal (D-2nd Dist.)
U.S. Senators: Elizabeth Warren (D), Ed Markey (D)

Uxbridge has a Board of Selectmen and representative town meeting with officials listed in the top infobox:[55] Local government 1) granted the first woman in America the right to vote,[4] 2) voted down smallpox vaccine in 1775,[4] and 3) defied the Secretary of State's office, approving women jurors.[56] The 2009 Board of Health, made Uxbridge the 3rd community in the US, to ban tobacco sales in pharmacies. County Government in Massachusetts is weak or has vestiges of the former system. Worcester County has had no official county government since 1998, though regional officials of state government hold county elected offices (see info box). The Worcester County, Massachusetts Sherriff, Lewis Evangelidis provides corrections at West Boylston, and Worcester District Courts is the judicial jurisdiction for regional courts. There is is an Uxbridge district court which serves surrounding towns.

Geography

The town occupies 30.4 square miles (79 km2), of which 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2), or 2.73%, is water. It is situated 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Boston, 16 miles (26 km) southeast of Worcester, and 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Providence, Rhode Island. Elevations range from 200 feet (61 m) to 577 feet (176 m) above sea level, and the town borders Douglas, Mendon, Millville, Northbridge, and Sutton, Massachusetts, plus the Rhode Island towns of Burrillville and North Smithfield.

Climate

A USDA hardiness zone 5 continental climate prevails with snowfall etremes from October(rare), to May. The highest temp was 104 F, in July 1975, and the lowest, -25 F in January 1957.[57]

Climate data for Uxbridge, Massachusetts
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 37
(3)
40
(4)
49
(11)
59
(15)
70
(21)
79
(27)
84
(29)
82
(28)
75
(23)
64
(18)
53
(13)
42
(5)
60
(15)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 13
(−9)
16
(−8)
27
(−2)
37
(3)
47
(8)
55
(13)
60
(16)
59
(15)
49
(9)
37
(4)
30
(−1)
20
(−6)
40
(4)
Average precipitation inches (cm) 3.6
(9)
3.3
(8)
4.1
(10)
3.9
(9)
4.3
(10)
3.6
(9)
3.7
(9)
4.1
(10)
4.1
(10)
4.1
(10)
4.5
(11)
4.0
(10)
47.3
(120)
Source: Weather.com[57]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18502,457—    
18603,133+27.5%
18703,058−2.4%
18803,111+1.7%
18903,408+9.5%
19003,599+5.6%
19104,671+29.8%
19205,384+15.3%
19306,285+16.7%
19406,417+2.1%
19507,007+9.2%
19607,789+11.2%
19708,253+6.0%
19808,374+1.5%
199010,415+24.4%
200011,156+7.1%
2001*11,636+4.3%
2002*11,851+1.8%
2003*12,121+2.3%
2004*12,308+1.5%
2005*12,458+1.2%
2006*12,704+2.0%
2007*12,860+1.2%
2008*12,768−0.7%
2009*12,873+0.8%
201013,457+4.5%
* = population estimate.
Source: United States census records and Population Estimates Program data.[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]

The 2010 United States CensusTemplate:GR was 13,457, a growth rate of 20.6%, with 4,708 households. 95.35% were White, 2.07% Asian, 1.0% Hispanic, 0.18% African American,and 1.4% other. Population density was 442.66 people/ mile2 (170.77/km²). Per capita income was $24,540, and 4.7% fell below the poverty line.

Economy

High tech, services, distribution, life sciences, hospitality, local government, education and tourism offer local jobs. A 618,000 square feet (57,400 m2) distribution center serves BJ's Wholesale Club's, northern division. August 2011 unemployment was 7.4% [68]

Education

Local schools include: Blanchard Pre-K, Taft Elementary, Whitin Middle, Uxbridge High and Our Lady of the Valley Regional. Valley Tech(Upton) houses Quinsigamond, C.C. The NYT called reforms, a "little revolution" to meet family needs.[69]

Healthcare

Tri-River Family Health, (UMass Medical) offers primary care. Milford Regional, Landmark M/C, hospices and long term care are nearby.

Transportation

Rail

Commuter rails include: Franklin Line, at Forge Park & I-495 12.77 mi. east and Worcester's Line, 14.04 mi north. The P&W carries freight.

Highways

Route 146[70] connects Worcester, I-290, I-90, I-295 and I-95 at Providence. Route 16 connects to Connecticut via I-395, and Boston, by I-495. Route 122 connects Northbridge, and Woonsocket. Route 146A, connects to North Smithfield. Route 98 connects to Burrillville.

Airports

TF Green Warwick, Boston Logan, and Worcester airport, have commercial flights. Hopedale airport,7.2 miles (11.6 km), has general aviation.

Points of interest

Photos

See also


References

  1. ^ "Greater Boston Map". wikipedia.org. Retrieved 2008-12-17. {{cite web}}: Text "Boston-Worcester-Manchester Combined Statistical Area" ignored (help)
  2. ^ a b [National Park Service brochure, reference for tapestry analogy and US minihistory "Uxbridge Walking Tour, NPS brochure"]. NPS.gov. Retrieved 2011-01-01. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  3. ^ http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,819703,00.htmlBusiness: Time Clock, Time Magazine, March 29, 1954
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Chapin, Judge Henry (1881). Address Delivered at the Unitarian Church in Uxbridge, 1864. Worcester, MA: Charles Hamilton Press (Harvard Library; from Google Books). p. 172. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  5. ^ a b c "e pluribus unum FAQ #7". www.treas.gov. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
  6. ^ a b c d "MHC Reconnaissance Survey Town Report: Uxbridge; Report Date: 1984 Associated Regional Report: Central Massachusetts;" (PDF). Massachusetts Historical Commission;. 1984. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-12-02. Retrieved 2007-11-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  7. ^ "Nipmuc History". Lee Sultzman. Retrieved 2007-09-28.
  8. ^ "Nipmuc place names of New England". native tech.org. Retrieved 2008-04-12.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Marvin, Rev. Abijah Perkins (1879). History of Worcester County, Massachusetts, Embracing a Comprehensive History of the County from its earliest beginnings to the present time; Vol. II. Boston, MA: CF Jewitt and Company. pp. 421–436. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  10. ^ Connole, Dennis A. (2001). The Indians of the Nipmuck Country in Southern New England, 1630-1750: A Historical Geography. McFarland and Company (Accessed by Google Books). p. 146. ISBN 9780786407996. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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  20. ^ a b c Buford, Mary Hunter (1895). Seth Read, Lieut.-Col.Continental Army; Pioneer at Geneva, New York, 1787, and at Erie, Penn., June, 1795. His Ancestors and Descendants. Boston, Mass. pp. 167 pages on CD in PDF Format. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthor= (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Cite error: The named reference "Seth" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
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  25. ^ "DEBORAH SAMPSON.; How She Served as a Soldier in the Revolution – Her Sex Unknown to the Army.*" (PDF). New York Times. 1898-10-08. Retrieved 2007-10-31.
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  38. ^ "Stanely Woolen Mill, The Story". Deaneredevelopment.com. Retrieved 2009-01-13.
  39. ^ Textiles, The Pride of Uxbridge, Time Magazine, Aug. 24, 1953
  40. ^ [1]"Time Clock- American Woolen will ask stockholders to approve buy-out by Bachman-Uxbrige",Time Magazine, March, 29 1954)
  41. ^ "Getting the Blues, by Tech. Sgt. Pat McKenna". Air Force Link. Retrieved 2007-09-24. [dead link]
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  45. ^ "About the Bikeway". Blackstone Valley Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 2007-09-23.
  46. ^ "West Hill Dam, Uxbridge Massachusetts". US Army Corps of Engineers. Retrieved 2007-09-23.
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  68. ^ NECTA, Labor data, Uxbridge
  69. ^ Lewin, Tamar (1996-01-13). "The ramparts of a little revolution in education". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
  70. ^ http://www.gribblenation.net/nepics/ma/146/ma146a-on146s.jpg