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{{Short description|Croatian police chief and war criminal}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Doctor of law|Dr. iur.]]
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Đuro Milivoj Ašner
| name = Đuro Milivoj Ašner
| image = Milivoj Ašner MUP wanted list.jpg
| image = Milivoj Ašner MUP wanted list.jpg
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|2011|06|14|1913|04|21|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2011|06|14|1913|04|21|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Klagenfurt]], [[Austria]]
| death_place = [[Klagenfurt]], [[Austria]]
| death_cause = [[Dementia]]
| resting_place =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->
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'''Đuro Milivoj Ašner''' (21 April 1913 – 14 June 2011) was a police chief in the [[Independent State of Croatia]] who was accused of enforcing [[racist]] laws under the [[Nazi]]-allied [[Ustaše]] regime and expulsion and deportation of hundreds of [[Serbs]], [[Jews]] and [[Romani people|Romani]].<ref name=Vecernji>{{cite news |title=Ratni zločinac Milivoj Ašner umro u Klagenfurtu u 98. godini |author= |url=http://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/ratni-zlocinac-milivoj-asner-umro-klagenfurtu-98-godini-clanak-302606 |newspaper=[[Večernji list]] |date=20 June 2011 |language=Croatian |archivedate=26 July 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/69S2sHF7s |accessdate=26 July 2012}}</ref> He was 4th on the [[Simon Wiesenthal Center]]'s [[List of Most Wanted Nazi War Criminals according to the Simon Wiesenthal Center|list of most wanted Nazi war criminals]] and on the [[Interpol]]'s most wanted list also.<ref name=Ya'ar>{{cite news |title=WWII Nazi War Criminal Milivoj Asner Dies Free in Austria |author=Ya'ar, Chana |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/145069#.UBGOAmGREvE |newspaper=[[Arutz Sheva]] |date=20 June 2011 |archivedate=26 July 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/69S3TANZB |accessdate=26 July 2012}}</ref>
'''Đuro Milivoj Ašner''' (21 April 1913 – 14 June 2011) was a police chief in the [[Independent State of Croatia]] who was accused of enforcing [[racist]] laws under the [[Nazi]]-allied [[Ustaše]] regime and expulsion and deportation of hundreds of [[Serbs]], [[Jews]] and [[Romani people|Romani]].<ref name=Vecernji>{{cite news |title=Ratni zločinac Milivoj Ašner umro u Klagenfurtu u 98. godini |url=http://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/ratni-zlocinac-milivoj-asner-umro-klagenfurtu-98-godini-clanak-302606 |newspaper=[[Večernji list]] |date=20 June 2011 |language=Croatian |archivedate=4 June 2012 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604023832/http://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/ratni-zlocinac-milivoj-asner-umro-klagenfurtu-98-godini-clanak-302606 |accessdate=26 July 2012}}</ref> He was 4th on the [[Simon Wiesenthal Center]]'s [[List of Most Wanted Nazi War Criminals according to the Simon Wiesenthal Center|list of most wanted Nazi war criminals]] and on the [[Interpol]]'s most wanted list also.<ref name="Ya'ar">{{cite news |title=WWII Nazi War Criminal Milivoj Asner Dies Free in Austria |author=Ya'ar, Chana |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/145069#.UBGOAmGREvE |newspaper=[[Arutz Sheva]] |date=20 June 2011 |archivedate=4 June 2012 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604185039/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/145069 |accessdate=26 July 2012}}</ref>


Ašner himself admitted the deportations of Serbs to [[Nedić's Serbia|Serbia]], but denied there was any deportations to the camps, as he stated, "such moves would be expensive, as one must feed and restrain the prisoners."<ref name=Jutarnji>{{cite news |title=Ašner: Moraju me osloboditi jer sam Hrvat po rođenju |author= |url=http://www.jutarnji.hr/asner--moraju-me-osloboditi-jer-sam-hrvat-po-rodenju/254552/ |newspaper=[[Jutarnji list]] |date=19 June 2008 |language=Croatian |archivedate=27 July 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/69TLYrwh7 |accessdate=27 July 2012}}</ref>
Ašner himself admitted the deportations of Serbs to [[Nedić's Serbia|Serbia]], but denied there was any deportations to the camps, as he stated, "such moves would be expensive, as one must feed and restrain the prisoners."<ref name=Jutarnji>{{cite news |title=Ašner: Moraju me osloboditi jer sam Hrvat po rođenju |url=http://www.jutarnji.hr/asner--moraju-me-osloboditi-jer-sam-hrvat-po-rodenju/254552/ |newspaper=[[Jutarnji list]] |date=19 June 2008 |language=Croatian |archivedate=26 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826024838/http://www.jutarnji.hr/asner--moraju-me-osloboditi-jer-sam-hrvat-po-rodenju/254552/ |accessdate=27 July 2012}}</ref>


==Life==
==Life==
Ašner was born in [[Daruvar]], in the [[Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia]] which was then part of the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]]. After the establishment of the [[Independent State of Croatia]] in 1941, he became chief of police in [[Požega, Croatia|Požega]]. After the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia, Ašner retreated towards [[Austria]] where he took a new name, Georg Aschner.<ref name=JG>{{cite news |title=Preminuo šef ustaške policije Milivoj Ašner |author=G., J. |url=http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/svijet/preminuo-milivoj-asner.html |publisher=[[Dnevnik Nove TV]] |date=20 June 2011 |archivedate=27 July 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/69TJF6ueR |accessdate=27 July 2012}}</ref>
Ašner was born in [[Daruvar]], in the [[Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia]] which was then part of the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]]. After the establishment of the [[Independent State of Croatia]] in 1941, he became chief of police in [[Požega, Croatia|Požega]]. After the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia Ašner retreated towards [[Austria]], where he took a new name, Georg Aschner.<ref name=JG>{{cite news|title=Preminuo šef ustaške policije Milivoj Ašner|author=G.J.|url=http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/svijet/preminuo-milivoj-asner.html|publisher=[[Dnevnik Nove TV]]|date=20 June 2011|archivedate=24 August 2011|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824045024/http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/svijet/preminuo-milivoj-asner.html|accessdate=27 July 2012}}</ref>


In 1992, after Croatia gained independence, Ašner returned to Croatia living in Požega until 2004, when Alen Budaj,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.balkanpeace.org/index.php?index=article&articleid=12463|title=Peace of mind: Success in Online Casinos|publisher=}}</ref> a historian and associate of the Israeli Simon Wiesenthal Centre located him there. In the same year, director of the Centre, [[Efraim Zuroff]], brought the documents on Ašner to the Croatian Prosecutor's Office. Ašner fled to Austria. In 2005, the Republic of Croatia accused him of crimes against the civilians and asked for his extradition from Austria. In 2008, Austria refused on the grounds that Ašner suffered from severe [[dementia]] and unfit to stand trial.<ref name=JG/><ref name=RA>{{cite news |script-title=sr:Преминуо Миливој Ашнер |author=A., R. |url=http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/Svet/Umro-ratni-zlocinac-Milivoj-Asner954664.sr.html |newspaper=[[Politika]] |date=20 June 2011 |language=Serbian |archivedate=27 July 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/69TJiHycf |accessdate=27 July 2012}}</ref> In 2008 he was pictured attending an international football match by the British tabloid newspaper [[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun]] casting doubt on his medical condition.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/1332561/FUGITIVE-Nazi-Milivoj-Asner-is-to-be-hauled-before-a-court-to-see-if-he-is-faking-illness.html|title=Page not found – The Sun|publisher=}}</ref>
In 1992, after Croatia declared itself independent, Ašner returned to Croatia, living in Požega until 2004 when Alen Budaj,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.balkanpeace.org/index.php?index=article&articleid=12463|title=Peace of mind: Success in Online Casinos|publisher=balkanpeace.org|accessdate=15 November 2016}}</ref> a historian and associate of the Israeli Simon Wiesenthal Centre located him there. That same year, the director of the centre, [[Efraim Zuroff]], brought the documents on Ašner to the Croatian Prosecutor's Office. Ašner fled to Austria. In 2005, the Republic of Croatia accused him of crimes against the civilians and asked for his extradition from Austria.


In 2008, Austria refused on the grounds that Ašner suffered from severe [[dementia]] and unfit to stand trial.<ref name=JG/><ref name=RA>{{cite news|script-title=sr:Преминуо Миливој Ашнер|author=A., R.|url=http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/Svet/Umro-ratni-zlocinac-Milivoj-Asner954664.sr.html|newspaper=[[Politika]]|date=20 June 2011|language=Serbian|archivedate=17 September 2012|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917034539/http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/Svet/Umro-ratni-zlocinac-Milivoj-Asner954664.sr.html|accessdate=27 July 2012}}</ref>
Ašner died in a [[Klagenfurt]] nursing home on 14 June 2011.<ref name=Vecernji/>


==Efforts to prosecute==
==Efforts to prosecute==
In 2005, Croatia indicted Ašner for [[crimes against humanity]]<ref name=Praise>[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/06/20/europe/EU-GEN-My-Neighbor-the-Nazi.php "Praise for 'treasured' Nazi suspect revives accusations that Austria is sheltering him"], Associated Press (''International Herald Tribune''), 20 June 2008</ref> and [[war crimes]] in the city of [[Požega, Croatia|Požega]] in 1941-42. In February 2006, Austrian judicial officials said they were close to deciding on whether to arrest Ašner. Austrian officials initially ruled he could not be handed over to Croatian authorities as he held Austrian citizenship.<ref name=Praise/>
In 2005, Croatia indicted Ašner for [[crimes against humanity]]<ref name=Praise>[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/06/20/europe/EU-GEN-My-Neighbor-the-Nazi.php "Praise for 'treasured' Nazi suspect revives accusations that Austria is sheltering him"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210033141/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/06/20/europe/EU-GEN-My-Neighbor-the-Nazi.php |date=10 February 2009 }}, Associated Press (''International Herald Tribune''), 20 June 2008</ref> and [[war crimes]] in the city of [[Požega, Croatia|Požega]] in 1941–42. In February 2006, Austrian judicial officials said they were close to deciding on whether to arrest Ašner. Austrian officials initially ruled he could not be handed over to Croatian authorities as he held Austrian citizenship.<ref name=Praise/>


He remained on [[Interpol]]'s most wanted list,<ref>[http://www.interpol.int/public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/2005/23/2005_29623.asp Ašner's entry in Interpol Wanted list]{{dead link|date=July 2012}}</ref>
He remained on [[Interpol]]'s most wanted list,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.interpol.int/public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/2005/23/2005_29623.asp |title=Ašner's entry in Interpol Wanted list |access-date=17 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622083109/http://www.interpol.int/public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/2005/23/2005_29623.asp |archive-date=22 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
and was considered by the [[Simon Wiesenthal Center]] as the fourth most wanted Nazi at large.<ref>[http://www.wiesenthal.com/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=fwLYKnN8LzH&b=245494&ct=5318433 Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC)'s Annual Report and Most Wanted List]{{dead link|date=July 2012}}, released 30 April 2008; accessed 2008-06-17</ref><ref>"Fugitive Hunt", ''Dateline World Jewry'', [[World Jewish Congress]], July/August 2008</ref>
and was considered by the [[Simon Wiesenthal Center]] as the fourth most wanted Nazi at large.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120919162734/http://www.wiesenthal.com/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=fwLYKnN8LzH&b=245494&ct=5318433 Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC)'s Annual Report and Most Wanted List], released 30 April 2008; accessed 2008-06-17</ref><ref>"Fugitive Hunt", ''Dateline World Jewry'', [[World Jewish Congress]], July/August 2008</ref>


In June 2008, journalists reported that, despite the Austrian government's claims that he was in poor health, he appeared to be physically fit based on his presence at a [[UEFA European Football Championship|European Championship]] football match involving Croatia in [[Klagenfurt]], where he lived.<ref>Brian Flynn, [http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/article1294928.ece "We find wanted Nazi at footie"], ''The Sun'' (UK), 16 June 2008</ref> This prompted renewed calls for his extradition to Croatia.{{cn|date=August 2016}} The controversial then Governor of Carinthia, [[Jörg Haider]], praised Ašner's family as friendly and said of Ašner that "he's lived peacefully among us for years, and he should be able to live out the twilight of his life with us". This provoked further criticism, with [[Efraim Zuroff]] of the Simon Wiesenthal Center saying that Haider's views reflected ''"the political atmosphere which exists in Austria and which in certain circles is extremely sympathetic to suspected Nazi war criminals"''.<ref name=Praise/>
In June 2008, the then controversial Governor of Carinthia, [[Jörg Haider]], praised Ašner's family as friendly and said of Ašner that "he's lived peacefully among us for years, and he should be able to live out the twilight of his life with us". This provoked further criticism, with [[Efraim Zuroff]] of the Simon Wiesenthal Center saying that Haider's views reflected "the political atmosphere which exists in Austria and which in certain circles is extremely sympathetic to suspected Nazi war criminals".<ref name=Praise/>


In an interview that aired in Croatia on 19 June 2008, Ašner acknowledged that he was involved in deportations, but maintained that those who were deported were taken not to death camps, as is generally believed, but to their homelands instead. He claimed his conscience was clear and that he was willing to go on trial in Croatia, but also asserted that his health was a problem. In an examination in the same week, it was again decided he was mentally unfit. Zuroff expressed the suspicion that Ašner was pretending or exaggerating regarding his condition.<ref name=Praise/>
In an interview that aired in Croatia on 19 June 2008, Ašner acknowledged that he was involved in deportations, but maintained that those who were deported were taken not to death camps, as is generally believed, but to their homelands instead. He claimed his conscience was clear and that he was willing to go on trial in Croatia, but also asserted that his health was a problem. In an examination in the same week, it was again decided he was mentally unfit. Zuroff expressed the suspicion that Ašner was pretending or exaggerating regarding his condition.<ref name=Praise/>
Line 47: Line 47:
Milivoj Ašner died on 14 June 2011 in his room in a [[Caritas (charity)|Caritas]] nursing home in [[Klagenfurt]]. His death was announced on 20 June 2011.<ref name=Vecernji/>
Milivoj Ašner died on 14 June 2011 in his room in a [[Caritas (charity)|Caritas]] nursing home in [[Klagenfurt]]. His death was announced on 20 June 2011.<ref name=Vecernji/>


==References and external links==
==References==


{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==Links==
==External links==
* [http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005456 Holocaust Encyclopedia Entry on Yugoslavia], U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum website
* [http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005456 Holocaust Encyclopedia Entry on Yugoslavia], U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum website


{{Nazis South America|state=collapsed}}
{{Nazis South America|state=collapsed}}
{{See also|Ašner}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Asner, Milivoj}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Asner, Milivoj}}
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[[Category:Croatian expatriates in Austria]]
[[Category:Croatian expatriates in Austria]]
[[Category:Croatian people of German descent]]
[[Category:Croatian people of German descent]]
[[Category:Holocaust perpetrators]]
[[Category:Holocaust perpetrators in Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:People from Slavonia]]
[[Category:People from Slavonia]]
[[Category:Deaths from dementia]]
[[Category:Neurological disease deaths in Austria]]

Revision as of 01:24, 15 August 2023

Đuro Milivoj Ašner
Born(1913-04-21)21 April 1913
Daruvar, Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary
Died14 June 2011(2011-06-14) (aged 98)
Klagenfurt, Austria
NationalityCroat
Other namesGeorg Aschner
OccupationPolice officer
Years active1941–1945
Known forAccused for expulsion and deportation of hundreds of Serbs, Jews and Gypsies

Đuro Milivoj Ašner (21 April 1913 – 14 June 2011) was a police chief in the Independent State of Croatia who was accused of enforcing racist laws under the Nazi-allied Ustaše regime and expulsion and deportation of hundreds of Serbs, Jews and Romani.[1] He was 4th on the Simon Wiesenthal Center's list of most wanted Nazi war criminals and on the Interpol's most wanted list also.[2]

Ašner himself admitted the deportations of Serbs to Serbia, but denied there was any deportations to the camps, as he stated, "such moves would be expensive, as one must feed and restrain the prisoners."[3]

Life

Ašner was born in Daruvar, in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia in 1941, he became chief of police in Požega. After the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia Ašner retreated towards Austria, where he took a new name, Georg Aschner.[4]

In 1992, after Croatia declared itself independent, Ašner returned to Croatia, living in Požega until 2004 when Alen Budaj,[5] a historian and associate of the Israeli Simon Wiesenthal Centre located him there. That same year, the director of the centre, Efraim Zuroff, brought the documents on Ašner to the Croatian Prosecutor's Office. Ašner fled to Austria. In 2005, the Republic of Croatia accused him of crimes against the civilians and asked for his extradition from Austria.

In 2008, Austria refused on the grounds that Ašner suffered from severe dementia and unfit to stand trial.[4][6]

Efforts to prosecute

In 2005, Croatia indicted Ašner for crimes against humanity[7] and war crimes in the city of Požega in 1941–42. In February 2006, Austrian judicial officials said they were close to deciding on whether to arrest Ašner. Austrian officials initially ruled he could not be handed over to Croatian authorities as he held Austrian citizenship.[7]

He remained on Interpol's most wanted list,[8] and was considered by the Simon Wiesenthal Center as the fourth most wanted Nazi at large.[9][10]

In June 2008, the then controversial Governor of Carinthia, Jörg Haider, praised Ašner's family as friendly and said of Ašner that "he's lived peacefully among us for years, and he should be able to live out the twilight of his life with us". This provoked further criticism, with Efraim Zuroff of the Simon Wiesenthal Center saying that Haider's views reflected "the political atmosphere which exists in Austria and which in certain circles is extremely sympathetic to suspected Nazi war criminals".[7]

In an interview that aired in Croatia on 19 June 2008, Ašner acknowledged that he was involved in deportations, but maintained that those who were deported were taken not to death camps, as is generally believed, but to their homelands instead. He claimed his conscience was clear and that he was willing to go on trial in Croatia, but also asserted that his health was a problem. In an examination in the same week, it was again decided he was mentally unfit. Zuroff expressed the suspicion that Ašner was pretending or exaggerating regarding his condition.[7]

Death

Milivoj Ašner died on 14 June 2011 in his room in a Caritas nursing home in Klagenfurt. His death was announced on 20 June 2011.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b "Ratni zločinac Milivoj Ašner umro u Klagenfurtu u 98. godini". Večernji list (in Croatian). 20 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  2. ^ Ya'ar, Chana (20 June 2011). "WWII Nazi War Criminal Milivoj Asner Dies Free in Austria". Arutz Sheva. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  3. ^ "Ašner: Moraju me osloboditi jer sam Hrvat po rođenju". Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 19 June 2008. Archived from the original on 26 August 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  4. ^ a b G.J. (20 June 2011). "Preminuo šef ustaške policije Milivoj Ašner". Dnevnik Nove TV. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  5. ^ "Peace of mind: Success in Online Casinos". balkanpeace.org. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
  6. ^ A., R. (20 June 2011). Преминуо Миливој Ашнер. Politika (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  7. ^ a b c d "Praise for 'treasured' Nazi suspect revives accusations that Austria is sheltering him" Archived 10 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), 20 June 2008
  8. ^ "Ašner's entry in Interpol Wanted list". Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
  9. ^ Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC)'s Annual Report and Most Wanted List, released 30 April 2008; accessed 2008-06-17
  10. ^ "Fugitive Hunt", Dateline World Jewry, World Jewish Congress, July/August 2008
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