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{{short description|Māori iwi (tribe) in Aotearoa New Zealand}}
{{Short description|Māori iwi (tribe) in Aotearoa New Zealand}}
{{Infobox Iwi
{{Infobox Iwi
|iwi_name =Ngāti Ruanui
|iwi_name =Ngāti Ruanui
Line 9: Line 9:
|url = {{URL|http://www.ruanui.co.nz/}}
|url = {{URL|http://www.ruanui.co.nz/}}
}}
}}
'''Ngāti Ruanui''' is a [[Māori people|Māori]] [[iwi]] traditionally based in the [[Taranaki Region|Taranaki]] region of [[New Zealand]]. In the 2006 census, 7,035 people claimed affiliation to the iwi.<ref>{{cite web|title=2006 Census – QuickStats About Māori (revised)|url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-maori/2006-census-quickstats-about-maori-revised.htm?page=para009Master|publisher=Statistics New Zealand|date=2007-04-04|accessdate=2007-05-25 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000247/http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-maori/2006-census-quickstats-about-maori-revised.htm?page=para009Master <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-09-28}}</ref> However, most members now live outside the traditional areas of the iwi.
'''Ngāti Ruanui''' is a [[Māori people|Māori]] [[iwi]] traditionally based in the [[Taranaki Region|Taranaki]] region of [[New Zealand]]. In the 2006 census, 7,035 people claimed affiliation to the iwi.<ref>{{cite web|title=2006 Census – QuickStats About Māori (revised)|url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-maori/2006-census-quickstats-about-maori-revised.htm?page=para009Master|publisher=Statistics New Zealand|date=2007-04-04|access-date=2007-05-25 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000247/http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-maori/2006-census-quickstats-about-maori-revised.htm?page=para009Master <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2007-09-28}}</ref> However, most members now live outside the [[rohe|traditional areas]] of the iwi.


==History==
==History==
===Early history===
===Early history===
Ruanui is acknowledged as the eponymous ancestor of the iwi. He was the son of Uenuku-puanake and Tāneroroa.<ref>{{cite web| last=Sole| first=Tony| title=Ngāti Ruanui| publisher=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]| url=http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/NgatiRuanui/en | date = 2006-12-21 | accessdate = 2007-04-10}}</ref> Uenuku came from the ''[[Tākitimu]]'' [[Māori migration canoes|canoe]] (although this is contested among Matauranga Maori historians), while Tāneroroa was the daughter of [[Turi (Māori ancestor)|Turi]], who came to New Zealand on the ''[[Aotea (canoe)|Aotea]]'' canoe. Turi originally landed in [[Aotea Harbour]], but eventually settled along the [[Pātea River]]. Over time, Ruanui’s descendants spread across [[south Taranaki]].
Ruanui is acknowledged as the eponymous ancestor of the iwi. He was the son of Uenuku-puanake and Tāneroroa.<ref>{{cite web| last=Sole| first=Tony| title=Ngāti Ruanui| publisher=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]| url=http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/NgatiRuanui/en| date=2006-12-21| access-date=2007-04-10| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070501111144/http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/NgatiRuanui/en| archive-date=2007-05-01| url-status=dead}}</ref> Uenuku came from the ''[[Tākitimu]]'' [[Māori migration canoes|canoe]] (although this is contested among mātauranga Māori historians), while Tāneroroa was the daughter of [[Turi (Māori ancestor)|Turi]], who came to New Zealand on the ''[[Aotea (canoe)|Aotea]]'' canoe. Turi originally landed in [[Aotea Harbour]], but eventually settled along the [[Pātea River]]. Over time, Ruanui’s descendants spread across [[south Taranaki]].


===Musket Wars===
===Musket Wars===
Ngāti Ruanui was heavily involved in [[Musket Wars|tribal wars]] during the 19th century. In 1816, the iwi was invaded from the north by [[Nga Puhi]] warriors carrying [[muskets]]. Over the next few decades, Ngati Ruanui would come under attack by [[Ngāti Toa]], [[Ngāti Whātua]] and the [[Waikato (iwi)|Waikato tribes]]. Ngāti Ruanui had no defence against the invaders armed with muskets, and many Ngāti Ruanui people were captured as slaves. Others were simply displaced by continuing warfare.
Ngāti Ruanui was heavily involved in [[Musket Wars|tribal wars]] during the 19th century. In 1816, the iwi was invaded from the north by [[Ngā Puhi]] warriors carrying [[muskets]]. Over the next few decades, Ngāti Ruanui would come under attack by [[Ngāti Toa]], [[Ngāti Whātua]] and the [[Waikato (iwi)|Waikato tribes]]. Ngāti Ruanui had no defence against the invaders armed with muskets, and many Ngāti Ruanui people were captured as slaves. Others were simply displaced by continuing warfare.


===Early social development===
===Early social development===
Line 22: Line 22:


===New Zealand Wars===
===New Zealand Wars===
{{main|[[New Zealand Wars]]}}
{{main|New Zealand Wars}}
Ngāti Ruanui were wary of European settlers and their desire for more land. In 1860, when [[Te Ati Awa|Te Āti Awa]] engaged in battle with the British Crown, Ngāti Ruanui sent fighters to support them. In retaliation, in 1865 and 1866 Crown troops invaded south Taranaki, destroying fortifications and villages. In 1868, notable resistance was provided by the tribal leader [[Titokowaru|Tītokowaru]] against Crown troops approaching from the south. Amongst [[New Plymouth]] settlers the iwi was known as 'Ngati Ruin-Ruin Us' for the effectiveness of their attacks.<ref>James Belich, ''The New Zealand Wars and the Victorian Interpretation of Racial Conflict''</ref> But within a few years, Ngāti Ruanui had lost most of its land, displacing more Māori from their traditional lands.
Ngāti Ruanui were wary of European settlers and their desire for more land. In 1860, when [[Te Ati Awa|Te Āti Awa]] engaged in battle with the British Crown, Ngāti Ruanui sent fighters to support them. At least 10 members of Ngāti Ruanui and [[Ngāruahine]] died during the [[First Taranaki War]], mostly during the defense of [[First Taranaki War#Battle of Waireka|Waireka]] on 28 March 1860, including [[Te Rei Hanataua]], chief of Tāngahoe hapū.<ref>{{Cite Q|Q58623348}}</ref>

In retaliation, in 1865 and 1866, Crown troops invaded south Taranaki, destroying fortifications and villages.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/85851308 |title=Māori peoples of New Zealand = Ngā iwi o Aotearoa. |date=2006 |publisher=David Bateman |others=New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage |isbn=978-1-86953-622-0 |location=Auckland, N.Z. |pages=183 |oclc=85851308}}</ref> In 1868, notable resistance was provided by the tribal leader [[Tītokowaru]] against Crown troops approaching from the south. Amongst [[New Plymouth]] settlers the iwi was known as 'Ngāti Ruin-Ruin Us' for the effectiveness of their attacks.<ref>James Belich, ''The New Zealand Wars and the Victorian Interpretation of Racial Conflict''</ref> But within a few years, Ngāti Ruanui had lost most of its land, displacing more Māori from their traditional lands.


==Ngāti Ruanui today==
==Ngāti Ruanui today==
===Deed of Settlement===
===Deed of Settlement===
In 1996, the [[Waitangi Tribunal]] determined that the Crown had acted unfairly in its conflict with Ngāti Ruanui. A settlement between the New Zealand Government and Ngāti Ruanui was reached in 2001, which was passed into law in 2003.<ref>{{cite web| title=Deed of Settlement between the Crown and Ngati Ruanui| url=http://www.executive.govt.nz/MINISTER/wilson/ngati-ruanui/03.htm | accessdate = 2007-04-10}}</ref> In summary:
In 1996, the [[Waitangi Tribunal]] determined that the Crown had acted unfairly in its conflict with Ngāti Ruanui. A settlement between the New Zealand Government and Ngāti Ruanui was reached in 2001, which was passed into law in 2003.<ref>{{cite web| title=Deed of Settlement between the Crown and Ngati Ruanui| url=http://www.executive.govt.nz/MINISTER/wilson/ngati-ruanui/03.htm | access-date = 2007-04-10}}</ref> In summary:
*The New Zealand Government issued a formal apology to Ngāti Ruanui for the actions of Crown troops during the [[Second Taranaki War|Taranaki Wars]], and for subsequent land confiscation
*The New Zealand Government issued a formal apology to Ngāti Ruanui for the actions of Crown troops during the [[Second Taranaki War|Taranaki Wars]], and for subsequent land confiscation
*The Government acknowledged cultural association of Ngāti Ruanui with geographical areas in Taranaki, and will consult with the iwi regarding relevant uses within designated areas
*The Government acknowledged cultural association of Ngāti Ruanui with geographical areas in Taranaki, and will consult with the iwi regarding relevant uses within designated areas
Line 36: Line 38:


===Radio station===
===Radio station===
⚫
[[Te Korimako O Taranaki]] is the radio station of Ngāti Ruanui and other [[Taranaki|Taranaki region]] iwi, including [[Ngati Tama|Ngāti Tama]], [[Te Atiawa]], [[Ngāti Maru (Taranaki)|Ngāti Maru]], [[Taranaki (iwi)|Taranaki]], [[Ngati Mutunga|Ngāti Mutunga]], [[Ngāruahine]], [[Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi|Ngā Rauru Kītahi]]. It started at the [[Bell Block, Taranaki|Bell Block]] campus of [[Western Institute of Technology at Taranaki|Taranaki Polytechnic]] in 1992, and moved to the [[Spotswood, New Plymouth|Spotswood]] campus in 1993.<ref name=finataranaki>{{cite web|title=Te Korimako O Taranaki|url=http://www.finda.co.nz/business/listing/53nw/te-korimako-o-taranaki-94-8-fm/|website=Finda|publisher=Yellow Group|access-date=14 June 2015}}</ref> It is available on {{Frequency|94.8|FM}} across Taranaki.<ref name=maorimedia>{{cite web|title=Iwi Radio Coverage|url=http://www.maorimedia.co.nz/Iwi_Radio_Coverage.pdf|website=maorimedia.co.nz|publisher=Māori Media Network|access-date=14 June 2015|date=2007}}</ref>


==Notable people==
⚫
[[Te Korimako O Taranaki]] is the radio station of Ngati Ruanui and other [[Taranaki|Taranaki region]] iwi, including [[Ngati Tama]], [[Te Atiawa]], [[Ngāti Maru (Taranaki)|Ngāti Maru]], [[Taranaki (iwi)|Taranaki]], [[Ngati Mutunga]], [[Ngāruahine]], [[Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi]]. It started at the [[Bell Block, Taranaki|Bell Block]] campus of [[Western Institute of Technology at Taranaki|Taranaki Polytechnic]] in 1992, and moved to the [[Spotswood, New Zealand|Spotswood]] campus in 1993.<ref name=finataranaki>{{cite web|title=Te Korimako O Taranaki|url=http://www.finda.co.nz/business/listing/53nw/te-korimako-o-taranaki-94-8-fm/|website=Finda|publisher=Yellow Group|accessdate=14 June 2015}}</ref> It is available on {{Frequency|94.8|FM}} across Taranaki.<ref name=maorimedia>{{cite web|title=Iwi Radio Coverage|url=http://www.maorimedia.co.nz/Iwi_Radio_Coverage.pdf|website=maorimedia.co.nz|publisher=Māori Media Network|accessdate=14 June 2015|date=2007}}</ref>
{{maincat|Ngāti Ruanui people}}
* [[Te Manihera Poutama]] ( -1847)
* [[Te Rei Hanataua]] ( -1860)
* [[Ngawaka Taurua]] ( -1888)
* [[Tītokowaru|Riwha Tītokowaru]] (1823–1888)
* [[Hone Pihama]] ( -1890)
* [[Wiremu Hukunui Manaia]] ( -1892)
* [[Sophia Hinerangi]] (1834–1911)
* [[Tamati Hone Oraukawa]] (fl. 1848–1869)
* [[Darcy Nicholas]] (1945- )
* [[Dalvanius Prime]] (1948–2002)
* [[Claudette Hauiti]] (1961- )


==See also==
==See also==
Line 43: Line 58:


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
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{{Iwi}}
{{Iwi}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Ngati Ruanui}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ngati Ruanui}}

Revision as of 04:17, 1 May 2024

Ngāti Ruanui
Iwi (tribe) in Māoridom
Rohe (region)Taranaki
Waka (canoe)Kurahaupō, Tākitimu, Aotea, Te Rangiuamutu
Population7,035
Websitewww.ruanui.co.nz

Ngāti Ruanui is a Māori iwi traditionally based in the Taranaki region of New Zealand. In the 2006 census, 7,035 people claimed affiliation to the iwi.[1] However, most members now live outside the traditional areas of the iwi.

History

Early history

Ruanui is acknowledged as the eponymous ancestor of the iwi. He was the son of Uenuku-puanake and Tāneroroa.[2] Uenuku came from the Tākitimu canoe (although this is contested among mātauranga Māori historians), while Tāneroroa was the daughter of Turi, who came to New Zealand on the Aotea canoe. Turi originally landed in Aotea Harbour, but eventually settled along the Pātea River. Over time, Ruanui’s descendants spread across south Taranaki.

Musket Wars

Ngāti Ruanui was heavily involved in tribal wars during the 19th century. In 1816, the iwi was invaded from the north by Ngā Puhi warriors carrying muskets. Over the next few decades, Ngāti Ruanui would come under attack by Ngāti Toa, Ngāti Whātua and the Waikato tribes. Ngāti Ruanui had no defence against the invaders armed with muskets, and many Ngāti Ruanui people were captured as slaves. Others were simply displaced by continuing warfare.

Early social development

Even amidst tribal warfare, Ngāti Ruanui managed to build a successful society. Agriculture provided a stable economy. Ngāti Ruanui workers were employed as labourers in New Plymouth. Education and Christianity were eagerly embraced.

New Zealand Wars

Main article: New Zealand Wars

Ngāti Ruanui were wary of European settlers and their desire for more land. In 1860, when Te Āti Awa engaged in battle with the British Crown, Ngāti Ruanui sent fighters to support them. At least 10 members of Ngāti Ruanui and Ngāruahine died during the First Taranaki War, mostly during the defense of Waireka on 28 March 1860, including Te Rei Hanataua, chief of Tāngahoe hapū.[3]

In retaliation, in 1865 and 1866, Crown troops invaded south Taranaki, destroying fortifications and villages.[4] In 1868, notable resistance was provided by the tribal leader Tītokowaru against Crown troops approaching from the south. Amongst New Plymouth settlers the iwi was known as 'Ngāti Ruin-Ruin Us' for the effectiveness of their attacks.[5] But within a few years, Ngāti Ruanui had lost most of its land, displacing more Māori from their traditional lands.

Ngāti Ruanui today

Deed of Settlement

In 1996, the Waitangi Tribunal determined that the Crown had acted unfairly in its conflict with Ngāti Ruanui. A settlement between the New Zealand Government and Ngāti Ruanui was reached in 2001, which was passed into law in 2003.[6] In summary:

  • The New Zealand Government issued a formal apology to Ngāti Ruanui for the actions of Crown troops during the Taranaki Wars, and for subsequent land confiscation
  • The Government acknowledged cultural association of Ngāti Ruanui with geographical areas in Taranaki, and will consult with the iwi regarding relevant uses within designated areas
  • Four areas of significance to Ngāti Ruanui, totalling approximately 10 hectares, were returned to the iwi.

Administration

Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Ruanui is the governing body of the iwi. The Rūnanga manages the assets of the iwi, and represents the iwi in political consultations with the New Zealand Government.

Radio station

Te Korimako O Taranaki is the radio station of Ngāti Ruanui and other Taranaki region iwi, including Ngāti Tama, Te Atiawa, Ngāti Maru, Taranaki, Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāruahine, Ngā Rauru Kītahi. It started at the Bell Block campus of Taranaki Polytechnic in 1992, and moved to the Spotswood campus in 1993.[7] It is available on 94.8 FM across Taranaki.[8]

Notable people

Main category: Ngāti Ruanui people

See also

References

  1. ^ "2006 Census – QuickStats About Māori (revised)". Statistics New Zealand. 2007-04-04. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-05-25.
  2. ^ Sole, Tony (2006-12-21). "Ngāti Ruanui". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 2007-05-01. Retrieved 2007-04-10.
  3. ^ Prickett, Nigel (2005). "Maori Casualties of the First Taranaki War, 1860–61". Records of the Auckland Museum. 42: 81–124. ISSN 1174-9202. JSTOR 42905879. OCLC 813616666. Wikidata Q58623348.
  4. ^ Māori peoples of New Zealand = Ngā iwi o Aotearoa. New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Auckland, N.Z.: David Bateman. 2006. p. 183. ISBN 978-1-86953-622-0. OCLC 85851308.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  5. ^ James Belich, The New Zealand Wars and the Victorian Interpretation of Racial Conflict
  6. ^ "Deed of Settlement between the Crown and Ngati Ruanui". Retrieved 2007-04-10.
  7. ^ "Te Korimako O Taranaki". Finda. Yellow Group. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  8. ^ "Iwi Radio Coverage" (PDF). maorimedia.co.nz. Māori Media Network. 2007. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
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