Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Hereditary High Steward of Scotland and crusader}} |
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{{Use Scottish English|date=September 2019}} |
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{{ infobox peer |
{{ infobox peer |
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| name = Alan fitz Walter |
| name = Alan fitz Walter |
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| image = Alan fitz Walter (seal 01).jpg |
| image = Alan fitz Walter (seal 01).jpg |
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| caption = Alan's [[seal (emblem)|seal]] |
| caption = Alan's [[seal (emblem)|seal]] |
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| birth_date = |
| birth_date = 1120 |
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| death_date = 1204 |
| death_date = 1204 |
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| title = 2nd High Steward of Scotland |
| title = 2nd High Steward of Scotland |
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| tenure = |
| tenure = 1177–1204 |
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| nationality = Scottish |
| nationality = Scottish |
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| predecessor = [[Walter fitz Alan]] |
| predecessor = [[Walter fitz Alan]] |
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| spouse = Eva<br/>Alesta of Mar |
| spouse = Eva<br/>Alesta of Mar |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Alan fitz Walter''' ( |
'''Alan fitz Walter''' (1120 – 1204)<ref name="Barrow-family">{{cite ODNB |last=Barrow |first=Geoffrey Wallis Steuart |author-link=G. W. S. Barrow |title=Stewart family |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/49411}}</ref> was hereditary [[High Steward of Scotland]] and a crusader. |
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== Life == |
== Life == |
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Alan was the son and heir of [[Walter fitz Alan]], by his spouse Eschina, who was possibly a member of a family from the south of Scotland. From 1178, the time of his succession to his father, until his death in 1204, Alan served as Steward of Scotland (''[[dapifer]]'') to [[William the Lion, King of Scots]].<ref name="Barrow-family"/> It was during Alan's lifetime that his family acquired the [[Isle of Bute]].<ref name="Barrow-family"/><ref>{{citation |last=Barrow |first=Geoffrey Wallis Steuart |author-link=G. W. S. Barrow |year=1981 |title=Kingship and unity: Scotland 1000–1306 |publisher=[[University of Toronto Press]] |page=112 }}</ref> He was possibly responsible for the erection of [[Rothesay Castle]] on the island.<ref name="Barrow-family"/> |
Alan was the son and heir of [[Walter fitz Alan]], by his spouse Eschina, who was possibly a member of a family from the south of Scotland. From 1178, the time of his succession to his father, until his death in 1204, Alan served as [[Prince and Great Steward of Scotland|Steward of Scotland]] (''[[dapifer]]'') to [[William the Lion, King of Scots]].<ref name="Barrow-family"/> It was during Alan's lifetime that his family acquired the [[Isle of Bute]].<ref name="Barrow-family"/><ref>{{citation |last=Barrow |first=Geoffrey Wallis Steuart |author-link=G. W. S. Barrow |year=1981 |title=Kingship and unity: Scotland 1000–1306 |publisher=[[University of Toronto Press]] |page=112 }}</ref> He was possibly responsible for the erection of [[Rothesay Castle]] on the island.<ref name="Barrow-family"/> |
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Alan allegedly accompanied [[Richard I of England|Richard the Lionheart]] on the Third Crusade, from which he returned to Scotland in July 1191. None of the references, however, can be traced back to the period.<ref name="Simpson, David 1713">Simpson, David, ''The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts'', Edinburgh, 1713.</ref><ref>Macquarrie, Alan, ''Scotland and the Crusades, 1095–1560'', Edinburgh, 1985: 29/30.</ref> |
Alan allegedly accompanied [[Richard I of England|Richard the Lionheart]] on the [[Third Crusade]], from which he returned to Scotland in July 1191. None of the references, however, can be traced back to the period.<ref name="Simpson, David 1713">Simpson, David, ''The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts'', Edinburgh, 1713.</ref><ref>Macquarrie, Alan, ''Scotland and the Crusades, 1095–1560'', Edinburgh, 1985: 29/30.</ref> |
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A Royal Grant to [[Kinloss Abbey]], signed at [[Melrose Abbey]] was made between 1179 and 1183. Amongst the witnesses are the Abbot of Melrose, the |
A Royal Grant to [[Kinloss Abbey]], signed at [[Melrose Abbey]] was made between 1179 and 1183. Amongst the witnesses are the [[Abbot of Melrose]], the [[Newbattle Abbey|Abbot of Newbottle]], [[Richard de Morville]], [[Lord High Constable of Scotland|Constable of Scotland]], 'Alan, son of Walter the Steward, and [[William de Lauder]].<ref>[[G. W. S. Barrow|Professor Geoffrey W. S. Barrow]], editor, ''The Acts of William 1st, King of Scots'', Edinburgh, 1971, vol.II, p.277, charter 237.</ref> |
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Alan became a patron of the [[Knights Templar]] and is responsible for expanding Templar influence in Scotland. There is no evidence, however, that he joined the Order before his death. |
Alan became a patron of the [[Knights Templar]] and is responsible for expanding Templar influence in Scotland. There is no evidence, however, that he joined the Order before his death. |
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He appears as a witness to other charters of William The Lion.<ref>Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales'', &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p.xl.</ref> |
He appears as a witness to other charters of [[William the Lion|William The Lion]].<ref>Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales'', &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p.xl.</ref> |
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He is buried with his father in [[Paisley Abbey]]. |
He is buried with his father in [[Paisley Abbey]]. |
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By his second marriage to Alesta, daughter of [[Morggán, Earl of Mar]]<ref name="Simpson, David 1713" /> |
By his second marriage to Alesta, daughter of [[Morggán, Earl of Mar]]<ref name="Simpson, David 1713" /> |
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<ref name="Burke, Messrs 1851" /> and Ada, |
<ref name="Burke, Messrs 1851" /> and Ada, mother of Avelina (FitzAlan) de Carrick, Leonard FitzAlan and Eupheme Stewart |
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*David, died without issue, before his father.<ref name="Burke, Messrs 1851" /> |
*David, died without issue, before his father.<ref name="Burke, Messrs 1851" /> |
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*Leonard |
*Leonard |
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*Avelina, married [[Donnchadh, Earl of Carrick]] |
*Avelina, married [[Donnchadh, Earl of Carrick]] |
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Some sources list Margaret of Galloway as Walter's mother.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}} Galloway is related to [[William the Conqueror]] and other royalty{{How?|date=July 2017}}. |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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{{succession box | title=[[High Steward of Scotland]] | before=[[Walter Fitzalan]] | after=[[Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland|Walter Óg]] | years=c. 1177 – c. 1204}} |
{{succession box | title=[[High Steward of Scotland]] | before=[[Walter Fitzalan]] | after=[[Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland|Walter Óg]] | years=c. 1177 – c. 1204}} |
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{{S-end}} |
{{S-end}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Walter, Alan fitz, 02 High Steward of Scotland}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Walter, Alan fitz, 02 High Steward of Scotland}} |
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[[Category:1204 deaths]] |
[[Category:1204 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Christians of the Third Crusade]] |
[[Category:Christians of the Third Crusade]] |
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[[Category:High Stewards of Scotland]] |
[[Category:Lord High Stewards of Scotland]] |
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[[Category:House of Stuart]] |
[[Category:House of Stuart|Alan]] |
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Revision as of 03:09, 14 May 2024
Alan fitz Walter | |
|---|---|
| 2nd High Steward of Scotland | |
 Alan's seal | |
| Tenure | 1177–1204 |
| Predecessor | Walter fitz Alan |
| Successor | Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland |
| Born | 1120 |
| Died | 1204 |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Spouse(s) | Eva Alesta of Mar |
| Parents | Walter fitz Alan Eschina |
Alan fitz Walter (1120 – 1204)[1] was hereditary High Steward of Scotland and a crusader.
Life
Alan was the son and heir of Walter fitz Alan, by his spouse Eschina, who was possibly a member of a family from the south of Scotland. From 1178, the time of his succession to his father, until his death in 1204, Alan served as Steward of Scotland (dapifer) to William the Lion, King of Scots.[1] It was during Alan's lifetime that his family acquired the Isle of Bute.[1][2] He was possibly responsible for the erection of Rothesay Castle on the island.[1]
Alan allegedly accompanied Richard the Lionheart on the Third Crusade, from which he returned to Scotland in July 1191. None of the references, however, can be traced back to the period.[3][4]
A Royal Grant to Kinloss Abbey, signed at Melrose Abbey was made between 1179 and 1183. Amongst the witnesses are the Abbot of Melrose, the Abbot of Newbottle, Richard de Morville, Constable of Scotland, 'Alan, son of Walter the Steward, and William de Lauder.[5]
Alan became a patron of the Knights Templar and is responsible for expanding Templar influence in Scotland. There is no evidence, however, that he joined the Order before his death.
He appears as a witness to other charters of William The Lion.[6]
He is buried with his father in Paisley Abbey.
Marriage and issue
He married firstly,[3][7] Eva, who is usually named as the daughter of Sweyn Thor'sson, although some historians dispute Eva's parentage. They had no known issue.
By his second marriage to Alesta, daughter of Morggán, Earl of Mar[3] [7] and Ada, mother of Avelina (FitzAlan) de Carrick, Leonard FitzAlan and Eupheme Stewart
- David, died without issue, before his father.[7]
- Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland,[7] married Bethóc, daughter of Gille Críst, Earl of Angus and his wife Marjorie. He died in 1246.
- Leonard
- Avelina, married Donnchadh, Earl of Carrick
Notes
- ^ a b c d Barrow, Geoffrey Wallis Steuart. "Stewart family". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/49411. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Barrow, Geoffrey Wallis Steuart (1981), Kingship and unity: Scotland 1000–1306, University of Toronto Press, p. 112
- ^ a b c Simpson, David, The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts, Edinburgh, 1713.
- ^ Macquarrie, Alan, Scotland and the Crusades, 1095–1560, Edinburgh, 1985: 29/30.
- ^ Professor Geoffrey W. S. Barrow, editor, The Acts of William 1st, King of Scots, Edinburgh, 1971, vol.II, p.277, charter 237.
- ^ Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p.xl.
- ^ a b c d Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p.xl.
References
- Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., The Rise of the Stewarts, London, 1935, pps.10–11.