Aquitanian (stage): Difference between revisions

Aquitanian
Aquitanian
23.03 – 20.44 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Chronology
←	Messinian salinity crisis
←	North American prairie expands
	Subdivision of the Neogene according to the ICS, as of 2021.; Vertical axis: millions of years ago.;
Formerly part of	Tertiary Period/System
Usage information
Celestial body	Earth
Regional usage	Global (ICS)
Time scale(s) used	ICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unit	Age
Stratigraphic unit	Stage
Time span formality	Formal
Lower boundary definition	Base of magnetic polarity chronozone C6Cn.2n; FAD of the Planktonic foraminiferan Paragloborotalia kugleri;
Lower boundary GSSP	Lemme-Carrosio Section, Carrosio, Italy; 44°39′32″N 8°50′11″E / 44.6589°N 8.8364°E
Lower GSSP ratified	1996
Upper boundary definition	Not formally defined
Upper boundary definition candidates	Near FAD of the Planktonic Foraminiferan Globigerinoides altiaperturus; Near top of magnetic polarity chronozone C6An;
Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s)	Astronomically tuned ODP-core

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The Aquitanian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy's (ICS) geologic timescale, the oldest age or lowest stage in the Miocene. It spans the time between 23.03 ± 0.05 Ma and 20.43 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) during the Early Miocene. It was a dry, cooling period.^[5] The Aquitanian succeeds the Chattian (the youngest age of the Oligocene) and precedes the Burdigalian.

The Aquitanian Age overlaps with the Harrisonian, Agenian, Pareora, Landon, Otaian, and Waitakian Ages from various regional timescales.

Stratigraphic definition

The Aquitanian Stage was named after the Aquitaine region in France and was introduced in scientific literature by Swiss stratigrapher Karl Mayer-Eymar in 1858.

The base of the Aquitanian (also the base of the Miocene Series and the Neogene System) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic column at the first appearance of foram species Paragloborotalia kugleri, the extinction of calcareous nanoplankton species Reticulofenestra bisecta (which forms the base of nanoplankton biozone NN1), and the base of magnetic chronozone C6Cn.2n. The official GSSP for the Aquitanian Stage lies in the Lemme-Carrosio section near the small village of Carrosio (north of Genoa) in northern Italy.^[6]

The top of the Aquitanian Stage (the base of the Burdigalian) is at the first appearance of foram species Globigerinoides altiaperturus and the top of magnetic chronozone C6An.

References

Footnotes

^ Krijgsman, W.; Garcés, M.; Langereis, C. G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A. J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L. (1996). "A new chronology for the middle to late Miocene continental record in Spain". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 142 (3–4): 367–380. Bibcode:1996E&PSL.142..367K. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00109-4.
^ Retallack, G. J. (1997). "Neogene Expansion of the North American Prairie". PALAIOS. 12 (4): 380–390. doi:10.2307/3515337. JSTOR 3515337. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
^ "ICS Timescale Chart" (PDF). www.stratigraphy.org.
^ Steininger, Fritz F.; M. P. Aubry; W. A. Berggren; M. Biolzi; A. M. Borsetti; Julie E. Cartlidge; F. Cati; R. Corfield; R. Gelati; S. Iaccarino; C. Napoleone; F. Ottner; F. Rögl; R. Roetzel; S. Spezzaferri; F. Tateo; G. Villa; D. Zevenboom (1997). "The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Neogene" (PDF). Episodes. 20 (1): 23–28. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/1997/v20i1/005.
^ Edward Petuch, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences
^ The Aquitanian GSSP was established by Steininger et al. (1997)

Literature

Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press.
Mayer-Eymar, K.; 1858: Versuch einer neuen Klassifikation der Tertiär-Gebilde Europa’s, Verhandlungen der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 17–19 (August 1857), p. 70–71 & 165–199. (in German)
Steininger, F.F.; Aubry, M.P.; Berggren, W.A.; Biolzi, M.; Borsetti, A.M.; Cartlidge, J.E.; Cati, F.; Corfield, R.; Gelati, R.; Iaccarino, S.; Napoleone, C.; Ottner, F.; Rogl, F.; Roetzel, R.; Spezzaferri, S.; Tateo, F.; Villa, G. & Zevenboom, D.; 1997: The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Neogene, Episodes 20(1), p. 23-28.

External links

GeoWhen Database - Aquitanian
Neogene timescale, at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS
Neogene timescale at the website of the Norwegian network of offshore records of geology and stratigraphy

44°39′32″N 8°50′11″E / 44.6589°N 8.8364°E / 44.6589; 8.8364

[Krijgsman1996-1] Krijgsman, W.; Garcés, M.; Langereis, C. G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A. J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L. (1996). "A new chronology for the middle to late Miocene continental record in Spain". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 142 (3–4): 367–380. Bibcode:1996E&PSL.142..367K. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00109-4.

[Retallack1997-2] Retallack, G. J. (1997). "Neogene Expansion of the North American Prairie". PALAIOS. 12 (4): 380–390. doi:10.2307/3515337. JSTOR 3515337. Retrieved 2008-02-11.

[3] "ICS Timescale Chart" (PDF). www.stratigraphy.org.

[Steininger_1997-4] Steininger, Fritz F.; M. P. Aubry; W. A. Berggren; M. Biolzi; A. M. Borsetti; Julie E. Cartlidge; F. Cati; R. Corfield; R. Gelati; S. Iaccarino; C. Napoleone; F. Ottner; F. Rögl; R. Roetzel; S. Spezzaferri; F. Tateo; G. Villa; D. Zevenboom (1997). "The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Neogene" (PDF). Episodes. 20 (1): 23–28. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/1997/v20i1/005.

[5] Edward Petuch, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences

[6] The Aquitanian GSSP was established by Steininger et al. (1997)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Oldest age in the Miocene}}
-{{Neogene}}
+{{Infobox geologic timespan
-The '''Aquitanian''' is, in the [[International Commission on Stratigraphy|ICS]]' [[geologic timescale]], the oldest [[age (geology)|age]] or lowest [[stage (stratigraphy)|stage]] in the [[Miocene]]. It spans the time between 23.03 ± 0.05 [[annum|Ma]] and 20.43 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) during the [[Early Miocene]]. It is a dry, cooling period.<ref>Edward Petuch, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences</ref> The Aquitanian succeeds the [[Chattian]] (the youngest age of the [[Oligocene]]) and precedes the [[Burdigalian]].
+| name                         = Aquitanian
+| color                        = Aquitanian
+| time_start                   = 23.03
+| time_end                     = 20.44
+| image_map                    =
+| caption_map                  =
+| image_outcrop                =
+| caption_outcrop              =
+| image_art                    =
+| caption_art                  =
+<!--Chronology-->
+| timeline                     = Neogene
+| formerly_part_of             = [[Tertiary]] [[Geological period|Period]]/[[System (stratigraphy)|System]]
+| partially_contained_in       =
+| partially_contains           =
+<!--Etymology-->
+| chrono_name                  =
+| strat_name                   =
+| name_formality               =
+| name_accept_date             =
+| alternate_spellings          =
+| synonym1                     =
+| synonym1_coined              =
+| synonym2                     =
+| synonym2_coined              =
+| synonym3                     =
+| synonym3_coined              =
+| nicknames                    =
+| former_names                 =
+| proposed_names               =
+<!--Usage Information-->
+| celestial_body               = earth
+| usage                        = Global ([[International Commission on Stratigraphy|ICS]])
+| timescales_used              = ICS Time Scale
+| formerly_used_by             =
+| not_used_by                  =
+<!--Definition-->
+| chrono_unit                  = Age
+| strat_unit                   = Stage
+| proposed_by                  =
+| type_section                 =
+| timespan_formality           = Formal
+| lower_boundary_def           =
+* Base of magnetic polarity [[chronozone]] C6Cn.2n
+* [[First appearance datum|FAD]] of the [[Foraminifera|Planktonic foraminiferan]] ''[[Paragloborotalia|Paragloborotalia kugleri]]''
+| lower_gssp_location          = Lemme-Carrosio Section, [[Carrosio]], [[Italy]]
+| lower_gssp_coords            = {{Coord|44.6589|N|8.8364|E|display=inline}}
+| lower_gssp_accept_date       = 1996<ref name="Steininger 1997">{{cite journal|last=Steininger|first=Fritz F. |author2=M. P. Aubry |author3=W. A. Berggren |author4=M. Biolzi |author5=A. M. Borsetti |author6=Julie E. Cartlidge |author7=F. Cati |author8=R. Corfield |author9=R. Gelati |author10=S. Iaccarino |author11=C. Napoleone |author12=F. Ottner |author13=F. Rögl |author14=R. Roetzel |author15=S. Spezzaferri |author16=F. Tateo |author17=G. Villa |author18=D. Zevenboom |title=The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Neogene|journal=Episodes|year=1997|volume=20|issue=1|pages=23–28|url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/GSSP/file9.pdf|doi=10.18814/epiiugs/1997/v20i1/005 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
+| upper_boundary_def           = Not formally defined
+| upper_def_candidates         =
+* Near FAD of the Planktonic Foraminiferan [[Globigerinoides|Globigerinoides altiaperturus]]
+* Near top of magnetic polarity [[chronozone]] C6An
+| upper_gssp_candidates        = Astronomically tuned [[Ocean Drilling Program|ODP]]-core
+<!--Atmospheric and Climatic Data-->
+| o2                           =
+| co2                          =
+| temp                         =
+| sea_level                    =
+}}
+The '''Aquitanian''' is, in the [[International Commission on Stratigraphy]]'s (ICS) [[geologic timescale]], the oldest [[age (geology)|age]] or lowest [[stage (stratigraphy)|stage]] in the [[Miocene]]. It spans the time between 23.03 ± 0.05 [[annum|Ma]] and 20.43 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) during the [[Early Miocene]]. It was a dry, cooling period.<ref>Edward Petuch, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences</ref> The Aquitanian succeeds the [[Chattian]] (the youngest age of the [[Oligocene]]) and precedes the [[Burdigalian]].
-The Aquitanian age overlaps with the [[Harrisonian]], [[Agenian]], [[Pareora]], [[Landon]], Otaian, and Waitakian ages from various regional timescales.
+The Aquitanian Age overlaps with the [[Harrisonian]], [[Agenian]], [[Pareora Epoch|Pareora]], Landon, Otaian, and [[Waitakian]] Ages from various regional timescales.
 ==Stratigraphic definition==
-The Aquitanian stage was named after the region [[Aquitaine]] in [[France]] and was introduced in scientific literature by [[Switzerland|Swiss]] stratigrapher Karl Mayer-Eymar in 1858.
+The Aquitanian Stage was named after the [[Aquitaine]] region in [[France]] and was introduced in scientific literature by [[Switzerland|Swiss]] stratigrapher [[Karl Mayer-Eymar]] in 1858.
-The base of the Aquitanian (also the base of the Miocene [[series (stratigraphy)|series]] and the [[Neogene]] [[system (stratigraphy)|system]]) is defined as the place in the [[stratigraphic column]] at the first appearance of [[foram]] species ''Paragloborotalia kugleri'', the [[extinction]] of calcareous [[nannoplankton]] species ''Reticulofenestra bisecta'' (which forms the base of nannoplankton [[biozone]] NN1), and the base of magnetic chronozone C6Cn.2n. The official [[GSSP]] for the Aquitanian stage lies in the Lemme-Carrosio section near the small village of [[Carrosio]] (north of [[Genoa]]) in northern [[Italy]].<ref>The Aquitanian GSSP was established by Steininger ''et al.'' (1997)</ref>
+The base of the Aquitanian (also the base of the Miocene [[series (stratigraphy)|Series]] and the [[Neogene]] [[system (stratigraphy)|System]]) is defined as the place in the [[stratigraphic column]] at the first appearance of [[foram]] species ''[[Paragloborotalia kugleri]]'', the [[extinction]] of calcareous [[Plankton#Size groups|nanoplankton]] species ''[[Reticulofenestra bisecta]]'' (which forms the base of nanoplankton [[biozone]] NN1), and the base of magnetic chronozone C6Cn.2n. The official [[GSSP]] for the Aquitanian Stage lies in the Lemme-Carrosio section near the small village of [[Carrosio]] (north of [[Genoa]]) in northern [[Italy]].<ref>The Aquitanian GSSP was established by Steininger ''et al.'' (1997)</ref>
-The top of the Aquitanian stage (the base of the Burdigalian) is at the first appearance of [[foram]] species ''Globigerinoides altiaperturus'' and the top of magnetic chronozone C6An.
+The top of the Aquitanian Stage (the base of the Burdigalian) is at the first appearance of [[foram]] species ''[[Globigerinoides altiaperturus]]'' and the top of magnetic chronozone C6An.
 ==References==
@@ Line 19: / Line 79: @@
 {{Wikisource portal|Cenozoic#Neogene}}
 *{{aut|Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.}}; '''2004''': ''A Geologic Time Scale 2004'', [[Cambridge University Press]].
-*{{aut|Mayer-Eymar, K.}}; '''1858''': ''Versuch einer neuen Klassifikation der Tertiär-Gebilde Europa’s'', Verhandlungen der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft '''17–19''' (August 1857), p.&nbsp;70–71 & 165–199. {{de icon}}
+*{{aut|Mayer-Eymar, K.}}; '''1858''': ''Versuch einer neuen Klassifikation der Tertiär-Gebilde Europa’s'', Verhandlungen der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft '''17–19''' (August 1857), p.&nbsp;70–71 & 165–199. {{in lang|de}}
 *{{aut|Steininger, F.F.; Aubry, M.P.; Berggren, W.A.; Biolzi, M.; Borsetti, A.M.; Cartlidge, J.E.; Cati, F.; Corfield, R.; Gelati, R.; Iaccarino, S.; Napoleone, C.; Ottner, F.; Rogl, F.; Roetzel, R.; Spezzaferri, S.; Tateo, F.; Villa, G. & Zevenboom, D.}}; '''1997''': ''The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Neogene'', Episodes '''20(1)''', p.&nbsp;23-28.
@@ Line 31: / Line 91: @@
 {{coord|44.6589|N|8.8364|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}
-[[Category:Aquitanian| ]]
+[[Category:Aquitanian (stage)| ]]
 [[Category:Miocene|*01]]
-[[Category:Aquitanian first appearances| ]]
 [[Category:Miocene geochronology]]
 [[Category:Geological ages]]