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Coordinates: 52°33′N 4°55′E / 52.550°N 4.917°E / 52.550; 4.917
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<!-- Name and transliteration -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->
| name = Beemster
| name = Beemster
| settlement_type = [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|Municipality]]
| settlement_type = Former municipality
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline = Midden beemster.jpg
| image_skyline = Midden beemster.jpg
Line 17: Line 17:
| image_map = Map - NL - Municipality code 0370 (2009).svg
| image_map = Map - NL - Municipality code 0370 (2009).svg
| map_alt = Highlighted position of Beemster in a municipal map of North Holland
| map_alt = Highlighted position of Beemster in a municipal map of North Holland
| map_caption = Location in North Holland
| map_caption = Location of the former municipality of Beemster in North Holland
| coordinates = {{coord|52|33|N|4|55|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|52|33|N|4|55|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| coordinates_footnotes =
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[North Holland]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[North Holland]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|Municipality]]
| government_footnotes = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purmerend]]
|url = http://www.beemster.net/content/harry-brinkman-0
|title = Harry Brinkman
|trans_title =
|language = Dutch
|author =
|date =
|work =
|publisher = Gemeente Beemster
|accessdate = 20 February 2014}}</ref>
| governing_body = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party = [[Christian Democratic Appeal|CDA]]
| leader_title = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name = [[Joyce van Beek]]
<!-- Geographic information -->
<!-- Geographic information -->
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
Line 50: Line 38:
|url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
|url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
|title = Postcodetool for 1462NV
|title = Postcodetool for 1462NV
|trans_title =
|language = nl
|language = Dutch
|author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
|author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
|date =
|work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
|work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
|publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
|publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
|accessdate = 20 February 2014}}</ref>
|access-date = 20 February 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_m = &minus;4
| elevation_m = &minus;4
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
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| area_code = 0299
| area_code = 0299
| website = {{URL|1=http://www.beemster.net}}
| website = {{URL|1=http://www.beemster.net}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
⚫
{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
⚫
|child = yes
⚫
|Official_name = Droogmakerij de Beemster (Beemster Polder)
⚫
|ID = 899
|Year = 1999
⚫
|Criteria = Cultural: i, ii, iv
⚫
}}
}}
}}
'''Beemster''' {{IPA-nl|ˈbeːmstər||Nl-Beemster.ogg}} is a municipality in the [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[North Holland]]. Also, the Beemster is the first so-called [[polder]] in the Netherlands that was [[land reclamation|reclaimed]] from a lake, the water being extracted out of the lake by [[windmills]]. The Beemster Polder was dried during the period 1609 through 1612. It has preserved intact its well-ordered landscape of fields, roads, canals, dykes and settlements, laid out in accordance with classical and Renaissance planning principles. A grid of canals parallels the grid of roads in the Beemster. The grids are offset: the larger feeder canals are offset by approximately one kilometer from the larger roads.
'''Beemster''' ({{IPA-nl|ˈbeːmstər|-|Nl-Beemster.ogg}}) is a former [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] in the [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[North Holland]]. The Beemster is the first [[polder]] in the Netherlands [[land reclamation|reclaimed]] from a lake, the water extracted by [[windmills]] between 1609 and 1612. The original well-ordered landscape of fields, roads, canals, and dykes has been preserved intact. A grid of canals parallels the grid of roads in the Beemster. The larger feeder canals are offset by approximately one kilometer from the larger roads.


Beemster merged into the existing municipality of [[Purmerend]] on 1 January 2022.
⚫
==Population centres ==

The municipality of Beemster consists of the following cities, towns, villages and/or districts: [[Middenbeemster]], [[Noordbeemster]], [[Westbeemster]], [[Zuidoostbeemster]].


⚫
== Population centres ==
The former municipality of Beemster contained the following small towns and villages:
{{columns-list|colwidth=12em|
* [[Middenbeemster]]
* [[Noordbeemster]]
* [[Westbeemster]]
* [[Zuidoostbeemster]].
}}
===Topography===
===Topography===
[[File:Gem-Beemster-OpenTopo.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Gem-Beemster-OpenTopo.jpg|475px]]<br/>''Map of the former municipality of Beemster, 2015.''

''Topographic map of the municipality of Beemster, June 2015.''


== History ==
== History ==
Around 800 AD the area of the modern [[municipality]] of Beemster was covered in [[peat]]. The name "Beemster" has been derived from "Bamestra" (see Groenedijk, 2000), the name of a small river in the area. In the period 1150-1250 peat-digging by people, and storm floods, enlarged that small river into an inland sea, a lake in open connection with the [[Zuiderzee]]. Around 1605 private investors started to drain the Beemster lake. In 1610, this was almost complete, but the lake re-filled because of a break in the Zuiderzee [[Dike (construction)|dike]]s. It was decided to make the ring-dike a meter high above the surrounding country. In 1612 the polder was dry and the country was divided among the investors. In the earlier days of the polder, farmers occupied its lands for growing the crops necessary for long sea journeys by the [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] to the East Indies. It turned out that the farmland was so good that the project was considered then to be an economic success, in contrast to e.g. the [[Heerhugowaard]]. Since 1999 the entire Beemster [[polder]] has been on the UNESCO world heritage list.
Around 800 AD the area of the modern municipality of Beemster was covered in [[peat]]. The name "Beemster" was derived from "Bamestra"{{sfn|Groenedijk|2000}}, the name of a small river in the area. In the period 1150–1250 peat-digging and storm floods enlarged that small river into an inland sea, a lake connected with the [[Zuiderzee]]. Around 1605 private investors started to drain the Beemster lake. In 1610, this was almost complete, but the lake re-filled because of a breach in the Zuiderzee [[Dike (construction)|dike]]s. It was decided to make the ring-dike a meter high above the surrounding country. In 1612 the polder was dry and the land was divided among the investors. In the earlier days of the polder, farmers occupied its lands for growing the crops necessary for long sea journeys by the [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] to the East Indies. The farmland was so good that the project was considered an economic success, in contrast to, e.g., the [[Heerhugowaard]]. Since 1999 the entire Beemster [[polder]] has been on the UNESCO world heritage list.


The Beemster polder is home to CONO Kaasmakers, maker of the Beemster brand of cheeses. This co-op was formed in 1901 to create cheese made from milk that comes from the Beemster polder. Today [[Beemster Cheese]]<ref>[http://www.beemstercheese.us www.beemstercheese.us]</ref> is sold in Europe, as well as the U.S., Canada, Japan, and China.
The Beemster polder is home to CONO Kaasmakers, maker of the Beemster brand of cheeses. This co-op was formed in 1901 to create cheese made from milk that comes from the Beemster polder. Today [[Beemster Cheese]]<ref>[http://www.beemstercheese.us www.beemstercheese.us]</ref> is sold in Europe, as well as the U.S., Canada, Japan, and China.


==World Heritage Site==
==World Heritage Site==
⚫
Because of its historical relevance, and as the original structure of the area is still largely intact, the Beemster was added to the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] list in 1999.<ref name="eye">{{cite book|title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: The Netherlands: The Netherlands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HFFTqI5PoYsC|date=1 August 2011|publisher=DK Publishing|isbn=978-0-7566-8476-1|page=175}}</ref> Justification for inclusion is as follows:
⚫
{{Infobox World Heritage Site
⚫
* (i): The Beemster Polder is a masterpiece of creative planning, in which the ideals of antiquity and the Renaissance were applied to the design of a reclaimed landscape.
⚫
| WHS = Droogmakerij de Beemster (Beemster Polder)
⚫
* (ii): The innovative and intellectually imaginative landscape of the Beemster Polder had a profound and lasting impact on reclamation projects in Europe and beyond.
| Image = [[Image:A Beemsterlants Caerte Daniël van Breen 1658.jpg|250px]]
⚫
* (iv): The creation of the Beemster Polder marks a major step forward in the interrelationship between humankind and water at a crucial period of social and economic expansion.
| imagecaption= Beemster in 1658, clearly showing the regular grid pattern.
| State Party = [[Netherlands]]
| Type = Cultural
⚫
| Criteria = i, ii, iv
⚫
| ID = 899
| Region = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Europe|Europe and North America]]
⚫
| Year = 1999
| Session = 23rd
| Link = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/899
⚫
}}


In addition in the Beemster Polder, there are five fortresses as part of the [[Stelling van Amsterdam]], another [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]. The Beemster Polder combines two [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Sites]].
⚫
Because of its historical relevance, and because the original structure of the area is still largely intact, the Beemster was inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] list in 1999.<ref name="eye">{{cite book|title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: The Netherlands: The Netherlands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HFFTqI5PoYsC|date=1 August 2011|publisher=DK Publishing|isbn=978-0-7566-8476-1|page=175}}</ref> Justification for Inscription is as follows:
⚫
*Criterion (i): The Beemster Polder is a masterpiece of creative planning, in which the ideals of antiquity and the Renaissance were applied to the design of a reclaimed landscape.
⚫
*Criterion (ii): The innovative and intellectually imaginative landscape of the Beemster Polder had a profound and lasting impact on reclamation projects in Europe and beyond.
⚫
*Criterion (iv): The creation of the Beemster Polder marks a major step forward in the interrelationship between humankind and water at a crucial period of social and economic expansion.


== Local government ==
== Local government ==
The municipal council of Beemster consisted of 13 seats which at the last [[2018 Dutch municipal elections|elections in 2018]] divided as follows:<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2018 |title=Beemster municipal election 2018 |url=https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/GR20180321/671664|access-date=9 June 2024|website=www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl|language=nl}}</ref>
The municipal council of Beemster consists of 13 seats, which are divided as follows since 2014:
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|

* Beemster Polder Partij - 4 seats
* Beemster Polder Partij - 6 seats
* [[Democrats 66|D66]] - 3 seats
* [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|VVD]] - 3 seats
* [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|PvdA]] - 2 seats
* [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|PvdA]] - 2 seats
* [[Democrats 66|D66]] - 1 seat
* [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|VVD]] - 2 seats
* [[Christian Democratic Appeal|CDA]] - 2 seats
* [[Christian Democratic Appeal|CDA]] - 1 seat
}}
⚫
The last mayor was Joyce van Beek (CDA).


Elections were held in November 2021 for a council for the new merged municipality of Purmerend, that included Beemster, which commenced work in January 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2021 |title=Purmerend municipal election 2021 |url=https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/GR20211124/687328 |access-date=9 June 2024|website=verkiezingsuitslagen.nl|language=nl}}</ref>
⚫
Mayor is [[Joyce van Beek]] (CDA).

== Notable people ==
[[File:Carel Fabritius - Self-Portrait - Google Art Project.jpg|120px|thumb|Carel Fabritius, ca.1645]]
* [[Carel Fabritius]] (1622 in Middenbeemster – 1654) a Dutch painter
* [[Barent Fabritius]] (1624 in Middenbeemster - 1673) a Dutch painter
* [[Johannes Fabritius]] (1636 – ca.1693) a [[Dutch Golden Age]] painter
* The Reverend [[Nanne Zwiep]] (1894 in Beemster – 1942 in Dachau) a pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church
* [[Harry Droog]] (born 1944) a retired Dutch rower, competed at the [[1968 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Erik Postma]] (1953 – 2002 in Middenbeemster) a Dutch politician, Mayor of Beemster from 1998


==See also==
==See also==

*[[Museum Betje Wolff]]
*[[Museum Betje Wolff]]

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Inlaatsluis nabij Zuiddijk 14 - Beemster - 20335089 - RCE.jpg|Inlet sluice near Zuiddijk 14 - Beemster
File:Tuinderswoning Beemster, NOM, 05.11.jpg|Beemster gardener's house, now in the [[Netherlands Open Air Museum|Dutch Open Air Museum]]
File:Say cheeeeese..... (34160805296).jpg|Beemster cheese
File:Inlaatsluis nabij Volgerweg 20 - Beemster - 20335090 - RCE.jpg|Inlet sluice near Volgerweg 20 - Beemster
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
Line 137: Line 140:


===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
*Van de Ven, G. (redactie) (1996). "Leefbaar laagland" (4th, revised reprint). Uitgeverij Matrijs. p.&nbsp;33-35, 55 en 131-136.
*{{cite book|editor=Van de Ven, G.|title=Leefbaar laagland|publisher=Matrijs|year=1996 |edition=4th, revised reprint}}
*Groenedijk, T. (2000). "Nederlandse plaatsnamen". Slingenberg Boekproducties, Hoogeveen, Netherlands 2000.
*{{cite book|last=Groenedijk|first=T.|title=Nederlandse plaatsnamen|publisher=Slingenberg Boekproducties|location=Hoogeveen, Netherlands |year=2000}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 150: Line 153:
| Southeast = [[Purmerend]]
| Southeast = [[Purmerend]]
| South = [[Wormerland]]
| South = [[Wormerland]]
| West = [[Schermer]]<br>[[Graft-De Rijp]]
| West = [[Alkmaar]]
}}
}}
{{North Holland Province}}
{{World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands}}
{{World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Beemster| ]]
[[Category:Former municipalities of North Holland]]
⚫
[[Category:Municipalities of North Holland]]
[[Category:Polders of North Holland]]
[[Category:Polders of North Holland]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Former lakes]]
[[Category:Former lakes of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:1612 establishments in the Dutch Republic]]
[[Category:1612 establishments in the Dutch Republic]]
⚫
[[Category:Municipalities of the Netherlands disestablished in 2022]]
[[Category:Geography of Purmerend|*]]

Revision as of 13:18, 9 June 2024

Beemster
Former municipality
Middenbeemster town centre
Middenbeemster town centre
Flag of Beemster
Flag
Coat of arms of Beemster
Coat of arms
Highlighted position of Beemster in a municipal map of North Holland
Location of the former municipality of Beemster in North Holland
Coordinates: 52°33′N 4°55′E / 52.550°N 4.917°E / 52.550; 4.917
CountryNetherlands
ProvinceNorth Holland
MunicipalityPurmerend
Area
[1]
 • Total72.07 km2 (27.83 sq mi)
 • Land70.58 km2 (27.25 sq mi)
 • Water1.49 km2 (0.58 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
−4 m (−13 ft)
Population
 (January 2021)[3]
 • Total10,110
 • Density143/km2 (370/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postcode
1460–1464
Area code0299
Websitewww.beemster.net
Official nameDroogmakerij de Beemster (Beemster Polder)
CriteriaCultural: i, ii, iv
Reference899
Inscription1999 (23rd Session)

Beemster (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbeːmstər] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The Beemster is the first polder in the Netherlands reclaimed from a lake, the water extracted by windmills between 1609 and 1612. The original well-ordered landscape of fields, roads, canals, and dykes has been preserved intact. A grid of canals parallels the grid of roads in the Beemster. The larger feeder canals are offset by approximately one kilometer from the larger roads.

Beemster merged into the existing municipality of Purmerend on 1 January 2022.

Population centres

The former municipality of Beemster contained the following small towns and villages:

Topography


Map of the former municipality of Beemster, 2015.

History

Around 800 AD the area of the modern municipality of Beemster was covered in peat. The name "Beemster" was derived from "Bamestra"[4], the name of a small river in the area. In the period 1150–1250 peat-digging and storm floods enlarged that small river into an inland sea, a lake connected with the Zuiderzee. Around 1605 private investors started to drain the Beemster lake. In 1610, this was almost complete, but the lake re-filled because of a breach in the Zuiderzee dikes. It was decided to make the ring-dike a meter high above the surrounding country. In 1612 the polder was dry and the land was divided among the investors. In the earlier days of the polder, farmers occupied its lands for growing the crops necessary for long sea journeys by the VOC to the East Indies. The farmland was so good that the project was considered an economic success, in contrast to, e.g., the Heerhugowaard. Since 1999 the entire Beemster polder has been on the UNESCO world heritage list.

The Beemster polder is home to CONO Kaasmakers, maker of the Beemster brand of cheeses. This co-op was formed in 1901 to create cheese made from milk that comes from the Beemster polder. Today Beemster Cheese[5] is sold in Europe, as well as the U.S., Canada, Japan, and China.

World Heritage Site

Because of its historical relevance, and as the original structure of the area is still largely intact, the Beemster was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1999.[6] Justification for inclusion is as follows:

  • (i): The Beemster Polder is a masterpiece of creative planning, in which the ideals of antiquity and the Renaissance were applied to the design of a reclaimed landscape.
  • (ii): The innovative and intellectually imaginative landscape of the Beemster Polder had a profound and lasting impact on reclamation projects in Europe and beyond.
  • (iv): The creation of the Beemster Polder marks a major step forward in the interrelationship between humankind and water at a crucial period of social and economic expansion.

In addition in the Beemster Polder, there are five fortresses as part of the Stelling van Amsterdam, another UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Beemster Polder combines two UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Local government

The municipal council of Beemster consisted of 13 seats which at the last elections in 2018 divided as follows:[7]

  • Beemster Polder Partij - 6 seats
  • VVD - 3 seats
  • PvdA - 2 seats
  • D66 - 1 seat
  • CDA - 1 seat

The last mayor was Joyce van Beek (CDA).

Elections were held in November 2021 for a council for the new merged municipality of Purmerend, that included Beemster, which commenced work in January 2022.[8]

Notable people

Carel Fabritius, ca.1645

See also

  • Inlet sluice near Zuiddijk 14 - Beemster
    Inlet sluice near Zuiddijk 14 - Beemster
  • Beemster gardener's house, now in the Dutch Open Air Museum
    Beemster gardener's house, now in the Dutch Open Air Museum
  • Beemster cheese
    Beemster cheese
  • Inlet sluice near Volgerweg 20 - Beemster
    Inlet sluice near Volgerweg 20 - Beemster

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2020" [Key figures for neighbourhoods 2020]. StatLine (in Dutch). CBS. 24 July 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  2. ^ "Postcodetool for 1462NV". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  3. ^ "Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand" [Population growth; regions per month]. CBS Statline (in Dutch). CBS. 1 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
  4. ^ Groenedijk 2000.
  5. ^ www.beemstercheese.us
  6. ^ DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: The Netherlands: The Netherlands. DK Publishing. 1 August 2011. p. 175. ISBN 978-0-7566-8476-1.
  7. ^ "Beemster municipal election 2018". www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl (in Dutch). 21 March 2018. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  8. ^ "Purmerend municipal election 2021". verkiezingsuitslagen.nl (in Dutch). 24 November 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2024.

Bibliography

  • Van de Ven, G., ed. (1996). Leefbaar laagland (4th, revised reprint ed.). Matrijs.
  • Groenedijk, T. (2000). Nederlandse plaatsnamen. Hoogeveen, Netherlands: Slingenberg Boekproducties.
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