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{{no footnotes|date=January 2013}}
{{ infobox nobility
{{ infobox noble
| name = Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach
| name = Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach
| image = Bernhard Gustav von Baden-Durlach.jpg
| image = Bernhard Gustav von Baden-Durlach.jpg
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== Life ==
== Life ==
He was the son of Margrave [[Frederick V, Margrave of Baden-Durlach|Frederick V]] of Baden-Durlach and his second wife Eleonore of Solms-Laubach. He was the nephew and godson of King [[Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden]]. He was baptized as Gustav Adolph and raised in the [[Lutheran]] faith.
He was the son of Margrave [[Frederick V, Margrave of Baden-Durlach|Frederick V]] of Baden-Durlach and his second wife Eleonore of Solms-Laubach. He was the godson of King [[Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden]]. He was baptized as Gustav Adolph and raised in the [[Lutheran]] faith.


As a Major General in the Swedish army, he fought against Poland during the [[Second Northern War]]. After traveling through France and Italy and a lengthy stay in Rome, he converted to [[Catholicism]] on 24 August 1660 in the [[Franciscan]] Hermolsheim monastery in [[Mutzig]] in the Lower [[Alsace]]. He took the name of Bernhard Gustav, in honor of the blessed Margrave [[Bernard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Bernhard II]].
As a Major General in the Swedish army, he fought against Poland during the [[Second Northern War]]. After traveling through France and Italy and a lengthy stay in Rome, he converted to [[Catholicism]] on 24 August 1660 in the [[Franciscan]] Hermolsheim monastery in [[Mutzig]] in the Lower [[Alsace]]. He took the name of Bernhard Gustav, in honor of the Margrave [[Bernard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Bernhard II]].


In 1663, the joined the Venetian army and fought in the [[Ottoman wars in Europe|Turkish War]]. A year later, he fought in the battle of St. Gotthard. In 1665, he laid down his arms, entered the [[Benedictine]] [[Rheinau Abbey]] and received minor orders. In 1666, he was appointed [[coadjutor]] of the [[prince-bishop]] of [[Fulda monastery|Fulda]]. In 1668, he also became coadjutor of [[Kempten Abbey]]. In 1671, he became Prince-Bishop in Fulda and coadjutor in the [[Michaelsberg Abbey, Siegburg|Michaelsberg Abbey]] in [[Siegburg]].
In 1663, the joined the Venetian army and fought in the [[Ottoman wars in Europe|Turkish War]]. A year later, he fought in the [[Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664)|battle of St. Gotthard]]. In 1665, he laid down his arms, entered the [[Benedictine]] [[Rheinau Abbey]] and received minor orders. In 1666, he was appointed [[coadjutor]] of the [[prince-bishop]] of [[Fulda monastery|Fulda]]. In 1668, he also became coadjutor of [[Kempten Abbey]]. In 1671, he became Prince-Bishop in Fulda and coadjutor in the [[Michaelsberg Abbey, Siegburg|Michaelsberg Abbey]] in [[Siegburg]].


On 24 August 1671, [[Pope Clement X]] made him [[cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]] of [[Santa Susanna]]. In 1676, he participated in the [[conclave]] that elected [[Pope Innocent XI]].
On 24 August 1671, [[Pope Clement X]] made him [[cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]] of [[Santa Susanna]]. In 1676, he participated in the [[conclave]] that elected [[Pope Innocent XI]].
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* {{BBKL|b/bernhard_gu|autor=Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz|artikel=Bernhard Gustav, Markgraf von Baden-Durlach|band=1|spalte=538}}
* {{BBKL|b/bernhard_gu|autor=Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz|artikel=Bernhard Gustav, Markgraf von Baden-Durlach|band=1|spalte=538}}
* {{De-ADB|10|186|187|Gustav Adolph, Markgraf von Baden|Arthur Kleinschmidt|ADB:Bernhard Gustav}}
* {{De-ADB|10|186|187|Gustav Adolph, Markgraf von Baden|Arthur Kleinschmidt|ADB:Bernhard Gustav}}
⚫
{{Authority control}}
{{Translation/Ref|de|Bernhard Gustav von Baden-Durlach}}

⚫
{{Authority control|PND=11892883X}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbaddur.html Entry at catholic-hierarchy.org]
* [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbaddur.html Entry at catholic-hierarchy.org]
* {{cite web |authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian)|last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title= BADEN-DURLACH, O.S.B., Bernhard Gustav von (1631-1677) |url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1671.htm#Baden|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |accessdate=|publisher=[[Florida International University]]|oclc=53276621}}
* [http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1671.htm#Baden Cardinals page]
* [http://www.tuerkenbeute.de/kun/kun_bio/BernhardGustav_de.php Biographies at the Baden State Museum Karlsruhe]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171101061618/http://www.tuerkenbeute.de/kun/kun_bio/BernhardGustav_de.php Biographies at the Baden State Museum Karlsruhe]


{{S-start}}
{{S-start}}
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{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}


{{Persondata
| NAME = Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Gustav Adolf of Baden-Durlach (birth name)
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Swedish general, and Prince-Abbot of Fulda and Kempten, and cardinal
| DATE OF BIRTH = 24 December 1631
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Karlsburg Castle]] in [[Durlach]]
| DATE OF DEATH = 26 December 1677
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Hammelburg]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach}}
[[Category:Benedictines]]
[[Category:German Benedictines]]
[[Category:Swedish military personnel]]
[[Category:Swedish generals]]
[[Category:Abbots]]
[[Category:Benedictine abbots]]
[[Category:German cardinals]]
[[Category:17th-century German cardinals]]
[[Category:Margraves of Baden]]
[[Category:Margraves of Baden]]
⚫
[[Category:German nobility]]
[[Category:1631 births]]
[[Category:1631 births]]
[[Category:1677 deaths]]
[[Category:1677 deaths]]
[[Category:17th-century German people]]
[[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Lutheranism]]
[[Category:Military personnel of the Holy Roman Empire]]
⚫
[[Category:Sons of monarchs]]


{{Germany-noble-stub}}
{{Germany-margrave-stub}}
{{germany-reli-bio-stub}}
{{germany-reli-bio-stub}}
{{Cardinal-stub}}
{{Cardinal-stub}}

[[de:Bernhard Gustav von Baden-Durlach]]
[[fr:Bernard-Gustave de Bade-Durlach]]

Latest revision as of 05:15, 16 January 2023

Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach
Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach
Born(1631-12-24)24 December 1631
Karlsburg Castle in Durlach
Died26 December 1677(1677-12-26) (aged 46)
Hammelburg
BuriedHammelburg
Noble familyHouse of Zähringen
FatherFrederick V, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
MotherEleonore of Solms-Laubach

Bernhard Gustav von Baden-Durlach OSB (24 December 1631 at Karlsburg Castle in Durlach – 26 December 1677 in Hammelburg) was a Major General in the Swedish army. After his conversion to Catholicism, he was Abbot of Fulda and Kempten Abbey and also cardinal.

Life

[edit]

He was the son of Margrave Frederick V of Baden-Durlach and his second wife Eleonore of Solms-Laubach. He was the godson of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. He was baptized as Gustav Adolph and raised in the Lutheran faith.

As a Major General in the Swedish army, he fought against Poland during the Second Northern War. After traveling through France and Italy and a lengthy stay in Rome, he converted to Catholicism on 24 August 1660 in the Franciscan Hermolsheim monastery in Mutzig in the Lower Alsace. He took the name of Bernhard Gustav, in honor of the Margrave Bernhard II.

In 1663, the joined the Venetian army and fought in the Turkish War. A year later, he fought in the battle of St. Gotthard. In 1665, he laid down his arms, entered the Benedictine Rheinau Abbey and received minor orders. In 1666, he was appointed coadjutor of the prince-bishop of Fulda. In 1668, he also became coadjutor of Kempten Abbey. In 1671, he became Prince-Bishop in Fulda and coadjutor in the Michaelsberg Abbey in Siegburg.

On 24 August 1671, Pope Clement X made him cardinal of Santa Susanna. In 1676, he participated in the conclave that elected Pope Innocent XI.

He died on 26 December 1677 in Hammelburg and was buried there.

References

[edit]
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz (1975). "Bernhard Gustav, Markgraf von Baden-Durlach". In Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 1. Hamm: Bautz. col. 538. ISBN 3-88309-013-1.
  • Arthur Kleinschmidt (1879), "Gustav Adolph, Markgraf von Baden", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 10, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 186–187
[edit]
Bernhard Gustav of Baden-Durlach
Born: 24 December 1631 Died: 26 December 1677
Preceded by
Joachim of Gravenvegg
 Prince Abbot of Fulda
1671-1677 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Roman Giel of Gielsberg
 Prince-Abbot of Kempten
1673-1677 		Succeeded by
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