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Coordinates: 30°22′S 66°19′W / 30.367°S 66.317°W / -30.367; -66.317
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→Geography and climate: update to newer 1991-2020 data
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The highest temperature ever recorded was {{convert|45.5|C|F|1}} on December 25, 2013 while the lowest temperature on record was {{convert|-7.7|C|F|1}} on July 31, 1993.<ref name = ORA>{{cite web |url = http://www.ora.gov.ar/eval_decadial.php |title = Chamical, La Rioja |work = Estadísticas meteorológicas decadiales |publisher = Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario |language = Spanish |accessdate = June 15, 2015}}</ref>
The highest temperature ever recorded was {{convert|45.5|C|F|1}} on December 25, 2013 while the lowest temperature on record was {{convert|-7.7|C|F|1}} on July 31, 1993.<ref name = ORA>{{cite web |url = http://www.ora.gov.ar/eval_decadial.php |title = Chamical, La Rioja |work = Estadísticas meteorológicas decadiales |publisher = Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario |language = Spanish |accessdate = June 15, 2015}}</ref>
{{Weather box|location=Chamical (1981–2010, extremes 1963–present)
{{Weather box|location=Chamical (1991–2020, extremes 1963–present)
|single line=y
|single line = y
|metric first =y
|metric first = y
|Jan record high C = 45.2
|Jan record high C = 45.2
|Feb record high C = 42.2
|Feb record high C = 42.2
Line 90: Line 90:
|Aug record high C = 40.4
|Aug record high C = 40.4
|Sep record high C = 41.7
|Sep record high C = 41.7
|Oct record high C = 41.2
|Oct record high C = 42.0
|Nov record high C = 42.8
|Nov record high C = 42.8
|Dec record high C = 45.5
|Dec record high C = 45.5
|year record high C = 45.5
|year record high C = 45.5
|Jan high C = 33.2
|Jan high C = 33.8
|Feb high C = 31.6
|Feb high C = 31.9
|Mar high C = 29.2
|Mar high C = 29.5
|Apr high C = 25.2
|Apr high C = 25.6
|May high C = 21.4
|May high C = 21.4
|Jun high C = 18.3
|Jun high C = 18.6
|Jul high C = 18.6
|Jul high C = 18.7
|Aug high C = 22.0
|Aug high C = 22.4
|Sep high C = 25.0
|Sep high C = 25.7
|Oct high C = 29.3
|Oct high C = 29.3
|Nov high C = 31.7
|Nov high C = 31.8
|Dec high C = 33.5
|Dec high C = 33.8
|year high C = 26.6
|year high C = 26.9
|Jan mean C = 26.5
|Jan mean C = 27.0
|Feb mean C = 25.1
|Feb mean C = 25.3
|Mar mean C = 23.2
|Mar mean C = 23.2
|Apr mean C = 19.1
|Apr mean C = 19.3
|May mean C = 15.2
|May mean C = 15.2
|Jun mean C = 11.9
|Jun mean C = 11.8
|Jul mean C = 11.3
|Jul mean C = 11.0
|Aug mean C = 14.4
|Aug mean C = 14.3
|Sep mean C = 17.7
|Sep mean C = 18.1
|Oct mean C = 22.2
|Oct mean C = 22.1
|Nov mean C = 24.6
|Nov mean C = 24.6
|Dec mean C = 26.4
|Dec mean C = 26.6
|year mean C = 19.8
|year mean C = 19.9
|Jan low C = 20.3
|Jan low C = 20.6
|Feb low C = 19.3
|Feb low C = 19.5
|Mar low C = 18.1
|Mar low C = 18.0
|Apr low C = 14.1
|Apr low C = 14.3
|May low C = 10.0
|May low C = 10.2
|Jun low C = 6.6
|Jun low C = 6.5
|Jul low C = 5.3
|Jul low C = 5.0
|Aug low C = 7.7
|Aug low C = 7.5
|Sep low C = 10.6
|Sep low C = 10.9
|Oct low C = 15.1
|Oct low C = 15.0
|Nov low C = 17.7
|Nov low C = 17.8
|Dec low C = 19.7
|Dec low C = 19.6
|year low C = 13.7
|year low C = 13.7
|Jan record low C = 10.3
|Jan record low C = 10.3
Line 139: Line 139:
|May record low C = -4.0
|May record low C = -4.0
|Jun record low C = -5.0
|Jun record low C = -5.0
|Jul record low C = -7.7
|Jul record low C = -8.3
|Aug record low C = -7.5
|Aug record low C = -7.5
|Sep record low C = -3.1
|Sep record low C = -3.1
|Oct record low C = 1.0
|Oct record low C = -0.5
|Nov record low C = 4.5
|Nov record low C = 4.5
|Dec record low C = 6.0
|Dec record low C = 6.0
|year record low C = -7.7
|year record low C = -8.3
|precipitation colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 105.0
|Jan precipitation mm = 93.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 95.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 88.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 68.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 67.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 26.6
|Apr precipitation mm = 27.6
|May precipitation mm = 9.9
|May precipitation mm = 10.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 2.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 3.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 4.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 3.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 1.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 2.7
|Sep precipitation mm = 9.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 7.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 30.4
|Oct precipitation mm = 28.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 42.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 45.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 83.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 82.7
|year precipitation mm = 479.4
|year precipitation mm = 460.1
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 8.6
|Jan precipitation days = 5.8
|Feb precipitation days = 6.6
|Feb precipitation days = 5.3
|Mar precipitation days = 6.8
|Mar precipitation days = 5.2
|Apr precipitation days = 4.4
|Apr precipitation days = 3.1
|May precipitation days = 2.7
|May precipitation days = 1.9
|Jun precipitation days = 1.5
|Jun precipitation days = 0.7
|Jul precipitation days = 1.4
|Jul precipitation days = 0.6
|Aug precipitation days = 1.0
|Aug precipitation days = 0.4
|Sep precipitation days = 2.2
|Sep precipitation days = 1.4
|Oct precipitation days = 2.9
|Oct precipitation days = 2.5
|Nov precipitation days = 5.4
|Nov precipitation days = 4.0
|Dec precipitation days = 7.2
|Dec precipitation days = 5.6
|year precipitation days = 50.7
|year precipitation days = 36.5
|Jan humidity = 60.0
|Jan humidity = 58.3
|Feb humidity = 63.3
|Feb humidity = 62.6
|Mar humidity = 67.4
|Mar humidity = 67.3
|Apr humidity = 68.6
|Apr humidity = 69.0
|May humidity = 68.7
|May humidity = 70.3
|Jun humidity = 67.4
|Jun humidity = 68.2
|Jul humidity = 60.0
|Jul humidity = 60.2
|Aug humidity = 50.3
|Aug humidity = 49.7
|Sep humidity = 46.5
|Sep humidity = 46.5
|Oct humidity = 47.3
|Oct humidity = 48.3
|Nov humidity = 50.5
|Nov humidity = 50.7
|Dec humidity = 54.8
|Dec humidity = 53.5
|year humidity = 58.7
|year humidity = 58.7
|source 1 = [[Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Argentina)|Servicio Meteorológico Nacional]]<ref name = SMNclimatenormals>{{cite web
|source 1 = [[Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Argentina)|Servicio Meteorológico Nacional]]<ref name = SMNclimatenormals>{{cite web
| url = https://ssl.smn.gob.ar/dpd/observaciones/estadisticas.txt
| url = https://ssl.smn.gob.ar/dpd/observaciones/estadisticas_normales_9120.zip
| title = Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1981-2010
| title = Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1991-2020
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| language = Spanish
| language = Spanish
| accessdate = January 20, 2018}}</ref><ref name=SMNextremes>{{cite web
| accessdate = 11 April 2023}}</ref><ref name=SMNextremes>{{cite web
|url = https://www2.smn.gob.ar/caracterizaci%C3%B3n-estad%C3%ADsticas-de-largo-plazo
| url = https://www.smn.gob.ar/estadisticas
|title = Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por Chamical Aero
| title = Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por Chamical Aero
|work = Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo
| work = Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo
|publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
|language = Spanish
| language = es
|accessdate = 4 October 2017
| accessdate = 11 April 2023}}</ref>
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170904022616/https://www2.smn.gob.ar/caracterizaci%C3%B3n-estad%C3%ADsticas-de-largo-plazo#
|archive-date = 2017-09-04
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
|source 2 = Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario (record highs and lows)<ref name=ORA />
|source 2 = Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario (record highs and lows)<ref name=ORA />
|date=2014}}
|date=2014}}

Revision as of 02:59, 12 April 2023

Chamical
City
View southwest along Avenida Perón in downtown Chamical. The brushy Sierra de los Quinteros range can be seen in distant background

View southwest along Avenida Perón in downtown Chamical. The brushy Sierra de los Quinteros range can be seen in distant background
Official seal of Chamical
Seal
Nicknames: 
Perla de los Llanos
("Pearl of the Plains"), Ciudad del Cohete ("Rocket City")
Chamical is located in Argentina
Chamical
Chamical
Map of Argentina with Chamical highlighted
Coordinates: 30°21′S 66°19′W / 30.350°S 66.317°W / -30.350; -66.317
Country Argentina
ProvinceLa Rioja
City status1955
Government
 • MayorDora Rodríguez (Justicialist Party)
Elevation
(at City Hall)
471 m (1,545 ft)
Population
 (2010 census)
 • Total12,919
Time zoneUTC-3 (ART)
Zip code
F5380
Area code03826
ClimateBSh

Chamical is a small city in, and the seat of government of, Chamical Department in the south of La Rioja Province, Argentina.[1] With a population of 12,919 permanent residents at the 2010 census [INDEC], up from 11,831 at the time of the 2001 census, it is the third-most populous settlement in La Rioja Province after Chilecito. It is home to the CELPA aerospace test center, founded in 1961 and operated by the Argentine Air Force. The town, which is crossed by the Tirante wadi, lies on the Ruta 38 (Spanish Wikipedia), around 140 km from La Rioja (2 hours by bus), and some 300 km from Córdoba (4 hours by bus).

This young urban habitation has been an important site in several stages of Argentine history during the past fifty years.

Chamical is regarded as the tango hub in La Rioja Province.

Name origin

Chamical got its name from the many specimens of the medicinal herb known as chamico (Spanish, "jimsonweed") found growing wild in the area.

Geography and climate

Chamical is located in the droughty Llanos Riojanos (Spanish for "Riojan Plains") and has four marked seasons, giving it a BSh hot semi-arid climate under the Köppen climate classification. The dry period of April to October is mild to cool, with the normal monthly mean temperature reaching its lowest in July at 11.7 °C (53.1 °F). The rainy period of November to March is warm to hot, with the normal monthly mean temperature peaking in January at 26.4 °C (79.5 °F). There has hardly ever been any snow or frost, but there has often been hail.

Total yearly precipitation averages a scanty 448.8 millimetres (18 in) with plentiful sunny days, and the rainfall centers in summer. The wettest month is January, during which time Chamical receives an average of 94.1 millimetres (4 in).

Winters are quite cool, but usually sunny; rather, snowfall is an odd occurrence. The Servicio Meteorológico Nacional reports that July is the coldest month with a mean high of 18.7 °C (65.7 °F) and a mean low of 5.7 °C (42.3 °F). Springtime is mild, windy and usually warm. Summers are hot (as is common with La Rioja Province), somewhat rainy and, most often, the mercury rises to 38 degrees Celsius (≈100 Fahrenheit) or higher in the shade, which means unpleasant. The rain brings some relief from the stifling Riojan heat. January, the warmest month, has an average high of 33.4 °C (92.1 °F) and an average low of 20.1 °C (68.2 °F). Fall is mild and pleasant, but can go chilly.

The highest temperature ever recorded was 45.5 °C (113.9 °F) on December 25, 2013 while the lowest temperature on record was −7.7 °C (18.1 °F) on July 31, 1993.[2]

Climate data for Chamical (1991–2020, extremes 1963–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 45.2
(113.4) 		42.2
(108.0) 		40.2
(104.4) 		38.2
(100.8) 		34.5
(94.1) 		29.3
(84.7) 		31.5
(88.7) 		40.4
(104.7) 		41.7
(107.1) 		42.0
(107.6) 		42.8
(109.0) 		45.5
(113.9) 		45.5
(113.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 33.8
(92.8) 		31.9
(89.4) 		29.5
(85.1) 		25.6
(78.1) 		21.4
(70.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		18.7
(65.7) 		22.4
(72.3) 		25.7
(78.3) 		29.3
(84.7) 		31.8
(89.2) 		33.8
(92.8) 		26.9
(80.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.0
(80.6) 		25.3
(77.5) 		23.2
(73.8) 		19.3
(66.7) 		15.2
(59.4) 		11.8
(53.2) 		11.0
(51.8) 		14.3
(57.7) 		18.1
(64.6) 		22.1
(71.8) 		24.6
(76.3) 		26.6
(79.9) 		19.9
(67.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 20.6
(69.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		18.0
(64.4) 		14.3
(57.7) 		10.2
(50.4) 		6.5
(43.7) 		5.0
(41.0) 		7.5
(45.5) 		10.9
(51.6) 		15.0
(59.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		19.6
(67.3) 		13.7
(56.7)
Record low °C (°F) 10.3
(50.5) 		8.9
(48.0) 		4.5
(40.1) 		1.0
(33.8) 		−4.0
(24.8) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		−8.3
(17.1) 		−7.5
(18.5) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		4.5
(40.1) 		6.0
(42.8) 		−8.3
(17.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 93.4
(3.68) 		88.3
(3.48) 		67.2
(2.65) 		27.6
(1.09) 		10.2
(0.40) 		3.4
(0.13) 		3.2
(0.13) 		2.7
(0.11) 		7.8
(0.31) 		28.1
(1.11) 		45.5
(1.79) 		82.7
(3.26) 		460.1
(18.11)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 5.8 5.3 5.2 3.1 1.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 1.4 2.5 4.0 5.6 36.5
Average relative humidity (%) 58.3 62.6 67.3 69.0 70.3 68.2 60.2 49.7 46.5 48.3 50.7 53.5 58.7
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[3][4]
Source 2: Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario (record highs and lows)[2]

Neighboring towns

Landmark snapshots

  • Motor vehicles at the east entrance to Chamical on Argentina Route 38
    Motor vehicles at the east entrance to Chamical on Argentina Route 38
  • Chamical's former railroad station, now housing the local museum.
    Chamical's former railroad station, now housing the local museum.
  • The dilapidated albeit picturesque railroad water tower in the background (beyond the derelict truck) is a heritage asset; it was built up by a British company in the late nineteenth century.
    The dilapidated albeit picturesque railroad water tower in the background (beyond the derelict truck) is a heritage asset; it was built up by a British company in the late nineteenth century.
  • Chamical Bus Depot. Wanderer, on passing through, don't miss the cozy buffet that runs here 24/7.
    Chamical Bus Depot. Wanderer, on passing through, don't miss the cozy buffet that runs here 24/7.
  • A sounding rocket on a mobile launch pad at CELPA launching facility. The picture dates back to 1969.
    A sounding rocket on a mobile launch pad at CELPA launching facility. The picture dates back to 1969.
  • San Martín memorial at the middle of the namesake garden square in downtown at twilight.
    San Martín memorial at the middle of the namesake garden square in downtown at twilight.
  • Classic brutalist architecture at this Chamical bank.
    Classic brutalist architecture at this Chamical bank.
  • Chamical City Hall, located dowtown.
    Chamical City Hall, located dowtown.
  • The University of La Rioja campus at Chamical finds itself on the south side of town. It attracts a number of students from across the country.
    The University of La Rioja campus at Chamical finds itself on the south side of town. It attracts a number of students from across the country.
  • Façade of Hospital Luis Agote. This is the main hospital of public assistance in the Llanos Riojanos. Its name commemorates Argentina's name physician Luis Agote.
    Façade of Hospital Luis Agote. This is the main hospital of public assistance in the Llanos Riojanos. Its name commemorates Argentina's name physician Luis Agote.
  • A mini attraction in its own right, the Chamical Tourist Information Center is located just off the Ruta 38 in the immediate surroundings of the local bus depot.
    A mini attraction in its own right, the Chamical Tourist Information Center is located just off the Ruta 38 in the immediate surroundings of the local bus depot.

References

  1. ^ Ministerio del Interior (in Spanish)
  2. ^ a b "Chamical, La Rioja". Estadísticas meteorológicas decadiales (in Spanish). Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  3. ^ "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1991-2020" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  4. ^ "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por Chamical Aero". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 11 April 2023.

30°22′S 66°19′W / 30.367°S 66.317°W / -30.367; -66.317

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