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Cunningham's expedition revised the height to be approximately 30 ft — the visible portion spanned 10 ft, the submerged portion 12 ft, and the rest, underground foundation.<ref name=":1" /> From the logged data, he determined the pillar to be nonagonal having side-length of 12 in. each; diameter came out to be 29 in.<ref name=":1" /> Cunningham regretted that he did not personally visit the site, noting that such a large single-shaft stone pillar was yet to be recorded in Indian subcontinent, after [[Ashoka]]'s reign.<ref name=":1" />
Cunningham's expedition revised the height to be approximately 30 ft — the visible portion spanned 10 ft, the submerged portion 12 ft, and the rest, underground foundation.<ref name=":1" /> From the logged data, he determined the pillar to be nonagonal having side-length of 12 in. each; diameter came out to be 29 in.<ref name=":1" /> Cunningham regretted that he did not personally visit the site, noting that such a large single-shaft stone pillar was yet to be recorded in Indian subcontinent, after [[Ashoka]]'s reign.<ref name=":1" />


A Bangladeshi archaeologist confirmed Cunningham's approximation but changed the distribution; 12 ft was above water level, 8 ft was submerged, and 10 ft was below ground.<ref name=":0" />
A Bangladeshi archaeologist confirmed Cunningham's approximation but changed the distribution; 12 ft was above water level, 8 ft was submerged, and 10 ft was below ground.<ref name=":0" />

⚫
== Preservation ==
⚫
In 1939, the Central Government declared Dibar Dighi to be a heritage site.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CeQVAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Dibar+Dighi%22|title=Indian Information Series|date=1939|publisher=Bureau of Public Information|volume=4-5|location=India}}</ref> Rajshahi Social Forestry Division has created an artificial forest (alongside a mini-zoo) around the tank; boating trips seem to be allowed.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=টেলিভিশন|first=Ekushey TV {{!}} একুশে|title=কালের সাক্ষী নওগাঁর ঐতিহাসিক দিবর দীঘি|url=https://www.ekushey-tv.com/tour/news/107873|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Ekushey TV|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=প্রতিবেদক|first=নিজস্ব|title=এলিজার দেখা ৭|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/life/travel/এলিজার-দেখা-৭|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Prothomalo|language=bn}}</ref>

== History ==
== History ==
The site is yet to be accurately dated.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dibar Dighi and Kaivarta pillar|url=http://dept.ru.ac.bd/ihc/Mostafiz/Dibardighi.htm|access-date=2021-06-23|website=dept.ru.ac.bd}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=নওগাঁয় এক রাতে তৈরি ঐতিহাসিক দিবর দীঘি {{!}} বাংলাদেশ প্রতিদিন|url=https://www.bd-pratidin.com/last-page/2019/01/22/393881|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Bangladesh Pratidin|language=en}}</ref> Cunningham had equated the place name (Debar) to be a corruption of [[Devapala (Pala dynasty)|Devapala]], who belonged to the early ninth century.<ref name=":1" /> Local legends construct a mythological origin, wherein the lake was dug within one night by a [[Jinn|''jinn'']].<ref name=":3" />
The site is yet to be accurately dated.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dibar Dighi and Kaivarta pillar|url=http://dept.ru.ac.bd/ihc/Mostafiz/Dibardighi.htm|access-date=2021-06-23|website=dept.ru.ac.bd}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=নওগাঁয় এক রাতে তৈরি ঐতিহাসিক দিবর দীঘি {{!}} বাংলাদেশ প্রতিদিন|url=https://www.bd-pratidin.com/last-page/2019/01/22/393881|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Bangladesh Pratidin|language=en}}</ref> Cunningham had equated the place name (Debar) to be a corruption of [[Devapala (Pala dynasty)|Devapala]], who belonged to the early ninth century.<ref name=":1" /> Local legends construct a mythological origin, wherein the lake was dug within one night by a [[Jinn|''jinn'']].<ref name=":3" />
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From an etymological perspective and literary history, it is currently argued that the tank and the pillar were commissioned to commemorate the victory of a local Kaivarta vassal, Dibyak (var. Dibya) over his 11th century overlord, [[Mahipala II]].<ref name="Banglapedia" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Maitreẏa|first=Akshaẏakumāra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O05uAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Dibor+Dighi%22|title=The fall of the Pāla Empire|date=1987|publisher=University of North Bengal|page=44|author-link=Akshay Kumar Maitreya}}</ref><ref name=":0" />{{Efn|The only source for historical reconstruction is [[Ramacharitam]] by [[Sandhyakar Nandi]]. No epigraphical evidence exists of Dibyak.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramacharitam, The - Banglapedia|url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ramacharitam,_The|access-date=2021-06-23|website=en.banglapedia.org}}</ref>}} The cause of the war between Dibyak and Mahipala II can not be ascertained — [[R. C. Majumdar]] interpreted it to be a rebellion by a local [[samanta]], strategically timed to the weakening of Pala authority whilst [[Ram Sharan Sharma]] took it to be a peasant rebellion against feudal suppression.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Furui|first=Ryosuke|date=2014|title=CHARACTERISTICS OF KAIVARTA REBELLION DELINEATED FROM THE RĀMACARITA|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44158366|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=75|pages=93–98|issn=2249-1937}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Varendra Rebellion - Banglapedia|url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Varendra_Rebellion|access-date=2021-06-24|website=en.banglapedia.org}}</ref> The construction might have been executed in the reign of Dibyak himself or his successors — brother Rudak, and nephew Bhim.<ref name="Banglapedia" />{{Efn|Bhim was subdued by [[Ramapala]] (supported by his kinsmen and other samantas) a few years later, before being put to death; this brought the short-lived rule of Kaibartas over [[Barendra]] to an end.<ref name="Prothomalo">{{Cite web|last=প্রতিবেদক|first=নিজস্ব|title=আখতারুজ্জামান ইলিয়াসের না লেখা উপন্যাস|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/onnoalo/আখতারুজ্জামান-ইলিয়াসের-না-লেখা-উপন্যাস|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Prothomalo|language=bn}}</ref> Nandi was probably the court-poet of Ramapala.}}
From an etymological perspective and literary history, it is currently argued that the tank and the pillar were commissioned to commemorate the victory of a local Kaivarta vassal, Dibyak (var. Dibya) over his 11th century overlord, [[Mahipala II]].<ref name="Banglapedia" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Maitreẏa|first=Akshaẏakumāra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O05uAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Dibor+Dighi%22|title=The fall of the Pāla Empire|date=1987|publisher=University of North Bengal|page=44|author-link=Akshay Kumar Maitreya}}</ref><ref name=":0" />{{Efn|The only source for historical reconstruction is [[Ramacharitam]] by [[Sandhyakar Nandi]]. No epigraphical evidence exists of Dibyak.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramacharitam, The - Banglapedia|url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ramacharitam,_The|access-date=2021-06-23|website=en.banglapedia.org}}</ref>}} The cause of the war between Dibyak and Mahipala II can not be ascertained — [[R. C. Majumdar]] interpreted it to be a rebellion by a local [[samanta]], strategically timed to the weakening of Pala authority whilst [[Ram Sharan Sharma]] took it to be a peasant rebellion against feudal suppression.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Furui|first=Ryosuke|date=2014|title=CHARACTERISTICS OF KAIVARTA REBELLION DELINEATED FROM THE RĀMACARITA|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44158366|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=75|pages=93–98|issn=2249-1937}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Varendra Rebellion - Banglapedia|url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Varendra_Rebellion|access-date=2021-06-24|website=en.banglapedia.org}}</ref> The construction might have been executed in the reign of Dibyak himself or his successors — brother Rudak, and nephew Bhim.<ref name="Banglapedia" />{{Efn|Bhim was subdued by [[Ramapala]] (supported by his kinsmen and other samantas) a few years later, before being put to death; this brought the short-lived rule of Kaibartas over [[Barendra]] to an end.<ref name="Prothomalo">{{Cite web|last=প্রতিবেদক|first=নিজস্ব|title=আখতারুজ্জামান ইলিয়াসের না লেখা উপন্যাস|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/onnoalo/আখতারুজ্জামান-ইলিয়াসের-না-লেখা-উপন্যাস|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Prothomalo|language=bn}}</ref> Nandi was probably the court-poet of Ramapala.}}


⚫
== Preservation ==
⚫
In 1939, the Central Government declared Dibar Dighi to be a heritage site.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CeQVAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Dibar+Dighi%22|title=Indian Information Series|date=1939|publisher=Bureau of Public Information|volume=4-5|location=India}}</ref> Rajshahi Social Forestry Division has created an artificial forest (alongside a mini-zoo) around the tank; boating trips seem to be allowed.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=টেলিভিশন|first=Ekushey TV {{!}} একুশে|title=কালের সাক্ষী নওগাঁর ঐতিহাসিক দিবর দীঘি|url=https://www.ekushey-tv.com/tour/news/107873|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Ekushey TV|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=প্রতিবেদক|first=নিজস্ব|title=এলিজার দেখা ৭|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/life/travel/এলিজার-দেখা-৭|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Prothomalo|language=bn}}</ref>
== Notes ==
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
{{Notelist}}

Revision as of 06:55, 24 June 2021

Dibar Dighi
Native name
Bengali: দ্বিবর দিঘি
view of Dibor Dighi
LocationPatnitala Upazila Naogaon District, Bangladesh
Dibar Dighi is located in Bangladesh
Dibar Dighi
Location of Dibar Dighi in Bangladesh

Dibar Dighi (Bengali: দ্বিবর দিঘি) is a tank in Bangladesh.[1]

Location

The site is located in Dibar village, on the northern side of Nazipur-Sapahar highway in Patnitala Upazila of Naogaon District.[1][2]

Architecture

Dibar Dighi

Alexander Cunningham, whose "servant" visited the site in 1879-80, noted the lake to spread about 1200 square ft.[3] Average depth was about 12 ft.[3] The tank currently occupies about 20 acres of land and sits atop a mound, spread over 100 acres.[1][4]

Kaivarta Stambha

The tank is primarily famed for housing a semi-submerged granite pillar — locally known as Kaivarta Stambha — in its center.[1][4][5] The apex of the pillar is crown shaped and decorated with three inflated circular rings.[1] The pillar does not have any inscriptions.[4] Francis Buchanon-Hamilton's survey of Bengal (1807-08) measured the net height to be 22.5 cubits (33 ft, 75 in) and the diameter to be 6.5 cubits (9 ft, 9 in).[3][a] He had deemed it to be octagonal in shape.[3]

Cunningham's expedition revised the height to be approximately 30 ft — the visible portion spanned 10 ft, the submerged portion 12 ft, and the rest, underground foundation.[3] From the logged data, he determined the pillar to be nonagonal having side-length of 12 in. each; diameter came out to be 29 in.[3] Cunningham regretted that he did not personally visit the site, noting that such a large single-shaft stone pillar was yet to be recorded in Indian subcontinent, after Ashoka's reign.[3]

A Bangladeshi archaeologist confirmed Cunningham's approximation but changed the distribution; 12 ft was above water level, 8 ft was submerged, and 10 ft was below ground.[2]

History

The site is yet to be accurately dated.[6][7] Cunningham had equated the place name (Debar) to be a corruption of Devapala, who belonged to the early ninth century.[3] Local legends construct a mythological origin, wherein the lake was dug within one night by a jinn.[7]

From an etymological perspective and literary history, it is currently argued that the tank and the pillar were commissioned to commemorate the victory of a local Kaivarta vassal, Dibyak (var. Dibya) over his 11th century overlord, Mahipala II.[1][8][2][b] The cause of the war between Dibyak and Mahipala II can not be ascertained — R. C. Majumdar interpreted it to be a rebellion by a local samanta, strategically timed to the weakening of Pala authority whilst Ram Sharan Sharma took it to be a peasant rebellion against feudal suppression.[10][11] The construction might have been executed in the reign of Dibyak himself or his successors — brother Rudak, and nephew Bhim.[1][c]

Preservation

In 1939, the Central Government declared Dibar Dighi to be a heritage site.[13] Rajshahi Social Forestry Division has created an artificial forest (alongside a mini-zoo) around the tank; boating trips seem to be allowed.[7][14][15]

Notes

  1. ^ Cunningham later noted that this was actually the value of circumference.[3] Taranath committed the same error, too.[3]
  2. ^ The only source for historical reconstruction is Ramacharitam by Sandhyakar Nandi. No epigraphical evidence exists of Dibyak.[9]
  3. ^ Bhim was subdued by Ramapala (supported by his kinsmen and other samantas) a few years later, before being put to death; this brought the short-lived rule of Kaibartas over Barendra to an end.[12] Nandi was probably the court-poet of Ramapala.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Rahman, Kazi Mostafizur (2012). "Dibar Dighi and Kaivarta Stambha". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  2. ^ a b c "Dibar Pillar- A Medieval Wonder | Independent". m.theindependentbd.com. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Cunningham, Sir Alexander (1882). Report of a Tour in Bihar and Bengal in 1879-80 from Patna to Sunargaon ... Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. p. 123.
  4. ^ a b c "পত্নীতলা উপজেলা". http. Retrieved 23 June 2021. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  5. ^ Chakrabarti, Dilip K. (1992). Ancient Bangladesh, a study of the archaeologcial sources. Oxford University Press. p. 155.
  6. ^ "Dibar Dighi and Kaivarta pillar". dept.ru.ac.bd. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  7. ^ a b c "নওগাঁয় এক রাতে তৈরি ঐতিহাসিক দিবর দীঘি | বাংলাদেশ প্রতিদিন". Bangladesh Pratidin. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  8. ^ Maitreẏa, Akshaẏakumāra (1987). The fall of the Pāla Empire. University of North Bengal. p. 44.
  9. ^ "Ramacharitam, The - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  10. ^ Furui, Ryosuke (2014). "CHARACTERISTICS OF KAIVARTA REBELLION DELINEATED FROM THE RĀMACARITA". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 75: 93–98. ISSN 2249-1937.
  11. ^ "Varendra Rebellion - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  12. ^ প্রতিবেদক, নিজস্ব. "আখতারুজ্জামান ইলিয়াসের না লেখা উপন্যাস". Prothomalo (in Bengali). Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  13. ^ Indian Information Series. Vol. 4–5. India: Bureau of Public Information. 1939.
  14. ^ টেলিভিশন, Ekushey TV | একুশে. "কালের সাক্ষী নওগাঁর ঐতিহাসিক দিবর দীঘি". Ekushey TV. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  15. ^ প্রতিবেদক, নিজস্ব. "এলিজার দেখা ৭". Prothomalo (in Bengali). Retrieved 23 June 2021.
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