Discosauriscus: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Extinct genus of reptile-like amphibians}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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| fossil_range = |
| fossil_range = {{Fossilrange|Gzhelian|Cisuralian|[[Gzhelian]]-[[Cisuralian]]}} |
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| image = Letoverpeton austriacum.JPG |
| image = Letoverpeton austriacum.JPG |
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| image_width = 250px |
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| taxon = Discosauriscus |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] |
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| classis = [[Amphibia]] ''sensu lato'' |
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| Superorder = [[Labyrinthodontia]] |
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| ordo = [[Seymouriamorpha]] |
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| familia = [[Discosauriscidae]] |
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| genus = '''''Discosauriscus''''' |
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| subdivision_ranks = Species |
| subdivision_ranks = Species |
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| subdivision = |
| subdivision = |
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*'' |
*''Discosauriscus austriacus'' <small>(Makowsky, 1876)</small> |
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*'' |
*''Discosauriscus pulcherrimus'' <small>(Fritsch, 1879) ([[type species|type]])</small> |
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| synonyms = |
| synonyms = |
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*''Letoverpeton'' <small>Spinar, 1952</small> |
*''Letoverpeton'' <small>Spinar, 1952</small> |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Discosauriscus''''' was a small [[Seymouriamorpha|seymouriamorph]]<ref>Panchen, A. L. and Smithson, T. R. 1988. The relationships of the earliest tetrapods. Pp. 1–32 in Benton, M. J. (ed), The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds. Clarendon Press, Oxford.</ref> which lived in what is now Central and Western Europe during the latest [[Carboniferous]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Klembara |first1=J. |last2=Werneburg |first2=R. |last3=Mikudíková |first3=M. |last4=Šurka |first4=J. |last5=Štamberg |first5=S. |title=The oldest records of the stem amniote ''Discosauriscus'' (Seymouriamorpha, Discosauriscidae) from the European Carboniferous-Permian boundary |year=2023 |journal=Bulletin of Geosciences |volume=98 |issue=3 |pages=233–246 |doi=10.3140/bull.geosci.1882 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and in the Early [[Permian]] Period. Its best fossils have been found in the [[Broumov Formation|Broumov]] and [[Bačov Formation]]s of [[Boskovice|Boskovice Furrow]], in the [[Czech Republic]]. |
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'''''Discosauriscus''''' was a small [[reptiliomorph]] that lived in Central and Western Europe in the Lower [[Permian]] Period. Its best fossils have been found in [[Boskovice|Boskovice Furrow]], in the [[Czech Republic]]. |
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==Classification== |
==Classification== |
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[[File: |
[[File:Discos2gill.jpg|left|thumb|A reconstruction of a juvenile ''Discosauriscus'' with external gills]] |
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[[File:Discosauriscus in Vienna.jpg|thumb|left|Fossil in Vienna]] |
[[File:Discosauriscus in Vienna.jpg|thumb|left|Fossil in Vienna]] |
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''Discosauriscus'' belongs |
''Discosauriscus'' belongs to the order [[Seymouriamorpha]], and is the [[type genus]] of the family [[Discosauriscidae]]. Currently recognised are two valid species - ''Discosauriscus austriacus'' and ''Discosauriscus pulcherrimus''. ''Letoverpeton'' is a junior synonym of ''Discosauriscus''.<ref name=Klembara>{{cite journal |last=Klembara |first=Jozef |year=1997 |title=The cranial anatomy of Discosauriscus Kuhn, a seymouriamorph tetrapod from the Lower Permian of the Boskovice Furrow (Czech Republic) |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B |volume=352 |pages=257–302 |pmc=1691931|bibcode = 1997RSPTB.352..257K |doi=10.1098/rstb.1997.0021}}</ref> |
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==Characteristics== |
==Characteristics== |
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Discosauriscids |
Discosauriscids were long thought to be known from [[larva]]l or [[neotenic]] forms,<ref>Carroll, R.L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, pp 176. WH Freeman and Company, New York {{ISBN|0-7167-1822-7}}</ref> and three ontogenetic stages had been distinguished.<ref name="tolweb.org">Klembara, Jozef. 1996. Discosauriscus. Version 1 January 1996. http://tolweb.org/Discosauriscus/17544/1996.01.01 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/</ref> However, more recent studies concluded that some subadult, probably terrestrial specimens were known,<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Sanchez | first1 = S | last2 = Klembara | first2 = J | last3 = Castanet | first3 = J | last4 = Steyer | first4 = JS | year = 2008 | title = Salamander-like development in a seymouriamorph revealed by palaeohistology | journal = Biology Letters | volume = 4 | pages = 411–414 | doi=10.1098/rsbl.2008.0159 | pmid=18460423 | pmc=2610144}}</ref><ref name=K08>{{cite journal |last=Kriloff |first=A. |author2=Germain, D. |author3= Canoville, A. |author4= Vincent, P. |author5= Sache, M. |author6= Laurin, M. |year=2008 |title=Evolution of bone microanatomy of the tetrapod tibia and its use in palaeobiological inference |journal=Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=807–826 |doi=10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01512.x |pmid=18312321|doi-access=free }}</ref> so the case for neoteny in this taxon is not as well-supported as once thought. ''Discosauriscus'' had wide jaws with sharp teeth, short limbs and relatively long tail.<ref>[http://dinosaurier-news.blog.de/2005/08/20/discosauriscus_ein_amphibium_aus_der_per dinosaurier-news - Discosauriscus: Ein Amphibium aus der Permzeit<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20120708200445/http://dinosaurier-news.blog.de/2005/08/20/discosauriscus_ein_amphibium_aus_der_per |date=8 July 2012 }}</ref> The [[phalangeal formula]] was 2-3-4-5-3 for both hind- and forelimbs. The body was covered with rounded scales with concentric rings, and a well-preserved lateral-line system has been described.<ref name="tolweb.org"/> |
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''Discosauriscus'' may have had electroreceptive organs.<ref>Klembara, J, Electroreceptors in the Lower Permian tetrapod Discosauriscus austriacus,Palaeontology, Vol 37, part 3, (1994)</ref> |
''Discosauriscus'' may have had electroreceptive organs.<ref>Klembara, J, Electroreceptors in the Lower Permian tetrapod Discosauriscus austriacus, Palaeontology, Vol 37, part 3, (1994)</ref> |
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==References== |
== References == |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Early tetrapods}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2279031}} |
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[[Category:Permian animals]] |
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{{portal|Paleontology}} |
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[[Category:Pennsylvanian tetrapods of Europe]] |
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[[Category:Cisuralian tetrapods of Europe]] |
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[[Category:Fossils of the Czech Republic]] |
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[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1933]] |
Latest revision as of 18:36, 20 May 2024
Discosauriscus Temporal range:
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Discosauriscus austriacus | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Order: | †Seymouriamorpha |
Family: | †Discosauriscidae |
Genus: | †Discosauriscus Kuhn, 1933 |
Species | |
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Synonyms | |
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Discosauriscus was a small seymouriamorph[1] which lived in what is now Central and Western Europe during the latest Carboniferous[2] and in the Early Permian Period. Its best fossils have been found in the Broumov and Bačov Formations of Boskovice Furrow, in the Czech Republic.
Classification
[edit]Discosauriscus belongs to the order Seymouriamorpha, and is the type genus of the family Discosauriscidae. Currently recognised are two valid species - Discosauriscus austriacus and Discosauriscus pulcherrimus. Letoverpeton is a junior synonym of Discosauriscus.[3]
Characteristics
[edit]Discosauriscids were long thought to be known from larval or neotenic forms,[4] and three ontogenetic stages had been distinguished.[5] However, more recent studies concluded that some subadult, probably terrestrial specimens were known,[6][7] so the case for neoteny in this taxon is not as well-supported as once thought. Discosauriscus had wide jaws with sharp teeth, short limbs and relatively long tail.[8] The phalangeal formula was 2-3-4-5-3 for both hind- and forelimbs. The body was covered with rounded scales with concentric rings, and a well-preserved lateral-line system has been described.[5]
Discosauriscus may have had electroreceptive organs.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ Panchen, A. L. and Smithson, T. R. 1988. The relationships of the earliest tetrapods. Pp. 1–32 in Benton, M. J. (ed), The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- ^ Klembara, J.; Werneburg, R.; Mikudíková, M.; Šurka, J.; Štamberg, S. (2023). "The oldest records of the stem amniote Discosauriscus (Seymouriamorpha, Discosauriscidae) from the European Carboniferous-Permian boundary". Bulletin of Geosciences. 98 (3): 233–246. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1882.
- ^ Klembara, Jozef (1997). "The cranial anatomy of Discosauriscus Kuhn, a seymouriamorph tetrapod from the Lower Permian of the Boskovice Furrow (Czech Republic)". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. 352: 257–302. Bibcode:1997RSPTB.352..257K. doi:10.1098/rstb.1997.0021. PMC 1691931.
- ^ Carroll, R.L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, pp 176. WH Freeman and Company, New York ISBN 0-7167-1822-7
- ^ a b Klembara, Jozef. 1996. Discosauriscus. Version 1 January 1996. http://tolweb.org/Discosauriscus/17544/1996.01.01 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
- ^ Sanchez, S; Klembara, J; Castanet, J; Steyer, JS (2008). "Salamander-like development in a seymouriamorph revealed by palaeohistology". Biology Letters. 4: 411–414. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0159. PMC 2610144. PMID 18460423.
- ^ Kriloff, A.; Germain, D.; Canoville, A.; Vincent, P.; Sache, M.; Laurin, M. (2008). "Evolution of bone microanatomy of the tetrapod tibia and its use in palaeobiological inference". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 21 (3): 807–826. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01512.x. PMID 18312321.
- ^ dinosaurier-news - Discosauriscus: Ein Amphibium aus der Permzeit Archived 8 July 2012 at archive.today
- ^ Klembara, J, Electroreceptors in the Lower Permian tetrapod Discosauriscus austriacus, Palaeontology, Vol 37, part 3, (1994)