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| image = Grabplatte Johann I von Kleve und Elisabeth von Burgund.jpg
| image = Grabplatte Johann I von Kleve und Elisabeth von Burgund.jpg
| caption = Drawing of the grave of Elizabeth of Nevers and her husband John I of Cleves
| caption = Drawing of the grave of Elizabeth of Nevers and her husband John I of Cleves
| noble family =
| noble family = [[House of Valois-Burgundy|Valois-Burgundy-Nevers]]
| father = [[John II, Count of Nevers]]
| father = [[John II, Count of Nevers]]
| mother = Jacqueline d'Ailly
| mother = Jacqueline d'Ailly
Line 12: Line 12:
| death_place =
| death_place =
}}
}}
'''Elizabeth of Nevers''' (born: after 24 August 1439 in [[Nevers]]; died: 21 June 1483)<ref name="zbgv74"/> was [[Duchy of Cleves|Duchess of Cleves]] from 1455 until her death, due to her marriage with [[John I, Duke of Cleves|John I]] of Cleves-Mark. She is the matriarch of the house of Cleves-Nevers, and thus the Cleves line of the [[Counts and dukes of Nevers]]. Because the territory was part of her inheritance, it fell to her son [[Engelbert of Cleves|Engelbert]] after her death.
'''Elizabeth of Nevers''' (born: after 24 August 1439 in [[Nevers]]; died: 21 June 1483) was [[Duchy of Cleves|Duchess of Cleves]] from 1455 until her death, due to her marriage with [[John I, Duke of Cleves|John I]] of Cleves-Mark. She acted as regent of the Duchy of Cleves during the absence of her spouse in 1477.
She was the matriarch of the house of Cleves-Nevers, and thus the Cleves line of the [[Counts and dukes of Nevers]]. Because the territory was part of her inheritance, it fell to her son [[Engelbert of Cleves|Engelbert]] after her death.


== Life ==
== Life ==
Elizabeth was the oldest child of [[John II, Count of Nevers|John II]], [[Count]] of [[Counts and Dukes of Étampes|Étampes]], [[County of Nevers|Nevers]], [[Counts and Dukes of Rethel|Rethel]] and [[Counts of Eu|Eu]], and his first wife Jacqueline d'Ailly. Since Elizabeth's younger brother died at the age of five years and her father thus had no sons, he appointed his eldest daughter to the heir of the counties of Nevers and Eu.
Elizabeth was the oldest child of [[John II, Count of Nevers|John II]], [[Count]] of [[Counts and Dukes of Étampes|Étampes]], [[County of Nevers|Nevers]], [[Counts and Dukes of Rethel|Rethel]] and [[Counts of Eu|Eu]], and his first wife Jacqueline d'Ailly.{{sfn|Boltanski|2006|p=501}} Since Elizabeth's younger brother died at the age of five years and her father thus had no sons, he appointed his eldest daughter to the heir of the counties of Nevers and Eu.


On 22 April 1456,<ref name="anm1"/> she married in [[Bruges]] with her third cousin, [[Duke]] [[John I, Duke of Cleves|John I of Cleves]]. After the marriage of Mary of Burgundy with [[Adolph I, Duke of Cleves|Adolph I]] of Cleves, this was the second marriage between the [[House of Burgundy]] and the [[House of La Marck]]. These marriages made the Duchy of Cleves into a kind of Burgundian annexe for the next 100 years, which was reflected mainly in the cultural life. The courtly life, but also the administrative practice in the territory of the Duke of Cleves increasingly followed the Burgundian example.
On 22 April 1456,{{efn|In some sources 1455 is given as the wedding year. This statement is likely to originate from the fact that the Marriage certificate of 27 March 1456 provides the incorrect date 27 March 1455.{{sfn|Schmidt|1911|p=74}}}} she married in [[Bruges]] with her third cousin, [[Duke]] [[John I, Duke of Cleves|John I of Cleves]].{{sfn|Boltanski|2006|p=501}} After the marriage of Mary of Burgundy with [[Adolph I, Duke of Cleves|Adolph I]] of Cleves, this was the second marriage between the [[House of Burgundy]] and the [[House of La Marck]]. These marriages made the Duchy of Cleves into a kind of Burgundian annexe for the next 100 years, which was reflected mainly in the cultural life. The courtly life, but also the administrative practice in the territory of the Duke of Cleves increasingly followed the Burgundian example.


After the death of [[Adolf of Egmond]], Duke of [[Duchy of Guelders|Guelders]], both Adolf's sister, [[Catherine of Guelders|Catherine]], and Emperor [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]] claimed the Duchy of Guelders. The Emperor's claim was based on his marriage with [[Mary of Burgundy]]. When her husband went to Guelders to support the Emperor's claim, Elizabeth led the government in Cleves during his absence.<ref name="gelre151"/>
After the death of [[Adolf of Egmond]], Duke of [[Duchy of Guelders|Guelders]] in 1477, both Adolf's sister, [[Catherine of Guelders|Catherine]], and Emperor [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]] claimed the Duchy of Guelders. The Emperor's claim was based on his marriage with [[Mary of Burgundy]]. When her husband went to Guelders to support the Emperor's claim, Elizabeth led the government in Cleves during his absence.{{sfn|Quint|1960|p=151}}


Elizabeth died on 21 June 1483 before her father. Her claims to the counties of Nevers and Eu were inherited by her third son Engelbert, who founded the Cleves-Nevers line. She was buried in the Collegiate Church of St. Mary in Cleves, where she shares a grave with her husband. The grave is covered with engraved and gilded copper plates. The top plate, commissioned by [[Charles of Egmond]], depicts the two deceased and is one of the few pictures of Elizabeth. The tomb is considered one of the most important artifacts of its kind.<ref name="hohmann88" />
Elizabeth died on 21 June 1483 before her father. Her claims to the counties of Nevers and Eu were inherited by her third son Engelbert, who founded the Cleves-Nevers line. She was buried in the Collegiate Church of St. Mary in Cleves, where she shares a grave with her husband. The grave is covered with engraved and gilded copper plates. The top plate, commissioned by [[Charles of Egmond]], depicts the two deceased and is one of the few pictures of Elizabeth. The tomb is considered one of the most important artifacts of its kind.{{sfn|Hohmann|1995|p=88}}


== Marriage and issue ==
== Marriage and issue ==
Elizabeth and John I had six children:
Elizabeth and John I had:
* [[John II, Duke of Cleves|John II]] (born: 13 April 1458; died: 15 March 1521), Duke of Cleves, married on 3 November 1489 with Mathilda of Hesse
* [[John II, Duke of Cleves|John II]] (born: 13 April 1458; died: 15 March 1521), Duke of Cleves,{{sfn|Boltanski|2006|p=501}} married on 3 November 1489 with [[Matilda of Hesse]]
* Adolph (born:28 April 1461; died: 4 April 1498), a canon of Liege
* Adolph (born:28 April 1461; died: 4 April 1498), a canon of Liege
* [[Engelbert of Cleves|Engelbert]] (born: 26 September 1462; died: 21 November 1506), Count of Nevers and Eu, married on 23 February 1489 with Charlotte de Bourbon
* [[Engelbert of Cleves|Engelbert]] (born: 26 September 1462; died: 21 November 1506), Count of Nevers and Eu, married on 23 February 1489 with Charlotte de Bourbon{{sfn|Boltanski|2006|p=501}}
* Dietrich (born: 29 June 1464; died young)
* Dietrich (born: 29 June 1464; died young)
* Marie (born: 8 August 1465; died: 7 October 1513)
* Marie (born: 8 August 1465; died: 7 October 1513)
* [[Philip of Cleves|Philip]] (born: 1 January 1467; died: 5 March 1505), [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Nevers|Bishop of Nevers]] (1500-1505), [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Amiens]] (1501-1503), and [[Diocese of Autun|Autun]] (1505)
* [[Philip of Cleves (Bishop)|Philip]] (born: 1 January 1467; died: 5 March 1505),{{sfn|Boltanski|2006|p=501}} [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Nevers|Bishop of Nevers]] (1500-1505), [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Amiens]] (1501-1503), and [[Diocese of Autun|Autun]] (1505)

== Ancestry ==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
⚫
|1= 1. '''Elizabeth of Nevers'''
|2= 2. [[John II, Count of Nevers]] (1415–1491)
|3= 3. Jacqueline d'Ailly (c. 1420–1470)
|4= 4. [[Philip II, Count of Nevers]] (1389–1415)
|5= 5. [[Bonne of Artois]] (1396–1425)
|6= 6. Raoul III d'Ailly
|7= 7. Jacqueline of Bethune
|8= 8. [[Philip the Bold]]
|9= 9. [[Margaret III, Countess of Flanders]]
|10= 10. [[Philip of Artois, Count of Eu]]
|11= 11. [[Marie, Duchess of Auvergne]]
|12= 12. Baudouin the Beaugeois d'Ailly
|13= 13. Joan of Raineval
|14= 14. Robert VIII of Bethune
|15= 15. Isabelle of Ghistelles
⚫
}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://s2w.hbz-nrw.de/ulbbn/content/pageview/13790 Marriage certificate of Elisabeth of Burgundy and John of Cleves]
* [http://s2w.hbz-nrw.de/ulbbn/content/pageview/13790 Marriage certificate of Elisabeth of Burgundy and John of Cleves]
{{Translation/Ref|de|Elisabeth von Burgund}}


== Footnotes ==
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
<references>
⚫
<ref name="zbgv74">Otto Forst: ''Die Ahnentafel des letzten Herzogs von Cleve, Jülich und Berg'', in: ''Zeitschrift des Bergischen Geschichtsvereines'' (ZBGV), vol. 44, Ph. C. W. Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch, 1911, {{ISSN|0067-5792}}, p. 74.</ref>
<ref name="anm1">In some sources 1455 is given as the wedding year. This statement is likely to originate from the fact that the Marriage certificate of 27 March 1456 provides the incorrect date 27 March 1455. See Otto Forst, p. 74.</ref>
⚫
<ref name="gelre151">Gelre, Vereeniging tot Beoefening van Geldersche Geschiedenis, Oudheidkunde, en Recht (eds.): ''Bijdragen en mededelingen'', vol. 59, S. Gouda Quint, D. Brouwer en Zoon, Arnhem, 1960, {{ISSN|0923-2834}}, p. 151.</ref>
⚫
<ref name="hohmann88">Karl-Heinz Hohmann: ''Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler im Kreis Kleve. Eine kursorische Übersicht'' = ''Rheinische Kunststätten'', vol. 419S, 1st ed., Neusser Druckerei und Verlag, Neuss, 1995, p.88</ref>
</references>


==References==
{{Persondata
{{reflist}}
⚫
| NAME = Elizabeth of Nevers

| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Elisabeth of Burgundy

| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Duchess of Cleves by marriage (1455-1483)
==Sources==
| DATE OF BIRTH = after 24 August 1439
*{{cite book |title=Les ducs de Nevers et l'État royal: genèse d'un compromis (ca 1550 - ca 1600) |first=Ariane |last=Boltanski |publisher=Librairie Droz S.A. |language=French |year=2006 }}
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Nevers]]
⚫
*{{cite book |first=Karl-Heinz |last=Hohmann |chapter=Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler im Kreis Kleve. Eine kursorische Übersicht |title=Rheinische Kunststätten |volume=419S |publisher= Neusser Druckerei und Verlag, Neuss |year=1995 |language=de }}
| DATE OF DEATH = 21 June 1483
⚫
*{{cite journal |journal=Gelre, Vereeniging tot Beoefening van Geldersche Geschiedenis, Oudheidkunde, en Recht |title=Bijdragen en mededelingen |volume= 59 |first=S. Gouda |last=Quint |publisher=D. Brouwer en Zoon |year=1960 |language=dutch}}
| PLACE OF DEATH =
⚫
*{{cite journal |title=Otto Forst: Die Ahnentafel des letzten Herzogs von Cleve, Jülich und Berg |journal=Zeitschrift des Bergischen Geschichtsvereines (ZBGV) |volume=44 |first=C. W. |last=Schmidt |publisher=Neustadt an der Aisch |year=1911 |language=de}}
⚫
}}

[[Category:Duchesses]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Elizabeth of Nevers}}
[[Category:Duchesses of Burgundy]]
[[Category:Duchesses of Burgundy]]
[[Category:Duchesses of Cleves]]
[[Category:Duchesses of Cleves]]
[[Category:House of Burgundy]]
[[Category:House of Valois-Burgundy-Nevers]]
[[Category:15th-century French people]]
[[Category:15th-century French nobility]]
[[Category:15th-century births]]
[[Category:15th-century births]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:1483 deaths]]
[[Category:1483 deaths]]
[[Category:French nobility]]
[[Category:15th-century French women]]
[[Category:15th-century women regents]]

[[Category:15th-century regents]]
[[de:Elisabeth von Burgund]]
[[fr:Élisabeth de Bourgogne (1439-1483)]]
[[it:Elisabetta di Nevers]]

Latest revision as of 02:19, 6 May 2024

Elizabeth of Nevers
Drawing of the grave of Elizabeth of Nevers and her husband John I of Cleves
Bornafter 24 August 1439
Nevers
Died(1483-06-21)21 June 1483
Noble familyValois-Burgundy-Nevers
Spouse(s)John I, Duke of Cleves
FatherJohn II, Count of Nevers
MotherJacqueline d'Ailly

Elizabeth of Nevers (born: after 24 August 1439 in Nevers; died: 21 June 1483) was Duchess of Cleves from 1455 until her death, due to her marriage with John I of Cleves-Mark. She acted as regent of the Duchy of Cleves during the absence of her spouse in 1477.

She was the matriarch of the house of Cleves-Nevers, and thus the Cleves line of the Counts and dukes of Nevers. Because the territory was part of her inheritance, it fell to her son Engelbert after her death.

Life

[edit]

Elizabeth was the oldest child of John II, Count of Étampes, Nevers, Rethel and Eu, and his first wife Jacqueline d'Ailly.[1] Since Elizabeth's younger brother died at the age of five years and her father thus had no sons, he appointed his eldest daughter to the heir of the counties of Nevers and Eu.

On 22 April 1456,[a] she married in Bruges with her third cousin, Duke John I of Cleves.[1] After the marriage of Mary of Burgundy with Adolph I of Cleves, this was the second marriage between the House of Burgundy and the House of La Marck. These marriages made the Duchy of Cleves into a kind of Burgundian annexe for the next 100 years, which was reflected mainly in the cultural life. The courtly life, but also the administrative practice in the territory of the Duke of Cleves increasingly followed the Burgundian example.

After the death of Adolf of Egmond, Duke of Guelders in 1477, both Adolf's sister, Catherine, and Emperor Maximilian I claimed the Duchy of Guelders. The Emperor's claim was based on his marriage with Mary of Burgundy. When her husband went to Guelders to support the Emperor's claim, Elizabeth led the government in Cleves during his absence.[3]

Elizabeth died on 21 June 1483 before her father. Her claims to the counties of Nevers and Eu were inherited by her third son Engelbert, who founded the Cleves-Nevers line. She was buried in the Collegiate Church of St. Mary in Cleves, where she shares a grave with her husband. The grave is covered with engraved and gilded copper plates. The top plate, commissioned by Charles of Egmond, depicts the two deceased and is one of the few pictures of Elizabeth. The tomb is considered one of the most important artifacts of its kind.[4]

Marriage and issue

[edit]

Elizabeth and John I had:

  • John II (born: 13 April 1458; died: 15 March 1521), Duke of Cleves,[1] married on 3 November 1489 with Matilda of Hesse
  • Adolph (born:28 April 1461; died: 4 April 1498), a canon of Liege
  • Engelbert (born: 26 September 1462; died: 21 November 1506), Count of Nevers and Eu, married on 23 February 1489 with Charlotte de Bourbon[1]
  • Dietrich (born: 29 June 1464; died young)
  • Marie (born: 8 August 1465; died: 7 October 1513)
  • Philip (born: 1 January 1467; died: 5 March 1505),[1] Bishop of Nevers (1500-1505), Amiens (1501-1503), and Autun (1505)

Ancestry

[edit]
[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ In some sources 1455 is given as the wedding year. This statement is likely to originate from the fact that the Marriage certificate of 27 March 1456 provides the incorrect date 27 March 1455.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Boltanski 2006, p. 501.
  2. ^ Schmidt 1911, p. 74.
  3. ^ Quint 1960, p. 151.
  4. ^ Hohmann 1995, p. 88.


Sources

[edit]
  • Boltanski, Ariane (2006). Les ducs de Nevers et l'État royal: genèse d'un compromis (ca 1550 - ca 1600) (in French). Librairie Droz S.A.
  • Hohmann, Karl-Heinz (1995). "Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler im Kreis Kleve. Eine kursorische Übersicht". Rheinische Kunststätten (in German). Vol. 419S. Neusser Druckerei und Verlag, Neuss.
  • Quint, S. Gouda (1960). "Bijdragen en mededelingen". Gelre, Vereeniging tot Beoefening van Geldersche Geschiedenis, Oudheidkunde, en Recht (in Dutch). 59. D. Brouwer en Zoon.
  • Schmidt, C. W. (1911). "Otto Forst: Die Ahnentafel des letzten Herzogs von Cleve, Jülich und Berg". Zeitschrift des Bergischen Geschichtsvereines (ZBGV) (in German). 44. Neustadt an der Aisch.
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