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The Great Offices of State are derived from the most senior positions in the [[Royal Households of the United Kingdom|Royal Household]] – the [[Great Officers of State (United Kingdom)|Great Officers of State]]. These eventually became hereditary and honorary titles, while the substantive duties of the Officers passed to individuals who were appointed on behalf of the Crown.<ref name="PhillipsChalmers1952">{{cite book |last1=Phillips |first1=Owen Hood |last2=Chalmers |first2=Dalzell |year=1952 |title=The Constitutional Law of Great Britain and the Commonwealth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3TsMAAAAIAAJ |location=London |publisher=Sweet & Maxwell |page=240 |access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-date=8 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108140539/https://books.google.com/books?id=3TsMAAAAIAAJ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[James Callaghan]] is the first and, to date, only person to have served in all four positions.<ref name="callaghan"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Callaghan of Cardiff |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/lady-callaghan-of-cardiff-530403.html |location=London |work=The Independent |date=30 March 2005}}{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |
The Great Offices of State are derived from the most senior positions in the [[Royal Households of the United Kingdom|Royal Household]] – the [[Great Officers of State (United Kingdom)|Great Officers of State]]. These eventually became hereditary and honorary titles, while the substantive duties of the Officers passed to individuals who were appointed on behalf of the Crown.<ref name="PhillipsChalmers1952">{{cite book |last1=Phillips |first1=Owen Hood |last2=Chalmers |first2=Dalzell |year=1952 |title=The Constitutional Law of Great Britain and the Commonwealth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3TsMAAAAIAAJ |location=London |publisher=Sweet & Maxwell |page=240 |access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-date=8 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108140539/https://books.google.com/books?id=3TsMAAAAIAAJ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[James Callaghan]] is the first and, to date, only person to have served in all four positions.<ref name="callaghan"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Callaghan of Cardiff |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/lady-callaghan-of-cardiff-530403.html |location=London |work=The Independent |date=30 March 2005}}{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |
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The [[Truss ministry]], formed on 6 September 2022, had no white men holding positions in the Great Offices of State, for the first time in [[Politics of the United Kingdom|British political history]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Aina J. |date=5 September 2022 |title=UK's four great offices of state may soon not feature a white man for first time |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/sep/05/uks-four-great-offices-of-state-may-soon-not-feature-a-white-man-for-first-time |website=The Guardian |language=en-GB |access-date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Zeffman |first=Henry |date=5 September 2022 |title=Great offices of state set to contain no white men |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/great-offices-of-state-set-to-contain-no-white-men-t27bjrxwj |work=The Times |language=en-GB |issn=0140-0460 |access-date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Martin |first=Daniel |date=6 September 2022 |title=Liz Truss forms most diverse Cabinet in history with no white males in top jobs |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2022/09/06/liz-truss-forms-diverse-cabinet-history-white-males-absent-top/ |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |access-date=11 September 2022}}</ref> This remained the case for just 38 days until the appointment of Jeremy Hunt as Chancellor of the Exchequer on 14 October 2022, replacing [[Kwasi Kwarteng]] who had been the first black Chancellor.<ref>{{Cite news |title=PM confirms Hunt as new chancellor |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-63257454 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |access-date=15 October 2022}}</ref> Five days later on 19 October 2022, Grant |
The [[Truss ministry]], formed on 6 September 2022, had no white men holding positions in the Great Offices of State, for the first time in [[Politics of the United Kingdom|British political history]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Aina J. |date=5 September 2022 |title=UK's four great offices of state may soon not feature a white man for first time |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/sep/05/uks-four-great-offices-of-state-may-soon-not-feature-a-white-man-for-first-time |website=The Guardian |language=en-GB |access-date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Zeffman |first=Henry |date=5 September 2022 |title=Great offices of state set to contain no white men |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/great-offices-of-state-set-to-contain-no-white-men-t27bjrxwj |work=The Times |language=en-GB |issn=0140-0460 |access-date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Martin |first=Daniel |date=6 September 2022 |title=Liz Truss forms most diverse Cabinet in history with no white males in top jobs |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2022/09/06/liz-truss-forms-diverse-cabinet-history-white-males-absent-top/ |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |access-date=11 September 2022}}</ref> This remained the case for just 38 days until the appointment of Jeremy Hunt as Chancellor of the Exchequer on 14 October 2022, replacing [[Kwasi Kwarteng]] who had been the first black Chancellor.<ref>{{Cite news |title=PM confirms Hunt as new chancellor |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-63257454 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |access-date=15 October 2022}}</ref> Five days later on 19 October 2022, Grant Shapps was appointed Home Secretary, replacing Suella Braverman.<ref>{{Cite news| |
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title=Liz Truss’s government on the brink after Suella Braverman’s parting shot | work=The Guardian |access-date=20 October 2022 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/oct/19/liz-truss-government-on-the-brink-after-suella-bravermans-parting-shot}}</ref> |
title=Liz Truss’s government on the brink after Suella Braverman’s parting shot | work=The Guardian |access-date=20 October 2022 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/oct/19/liz-truss-government-on-the-brink-after-suella-bravermans-parting-shot}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 01:14, 20 October 2022
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The Great Offices of State are senior offices in the UK government. They are the Prime Minister, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Foreign Secretary and Home Secretary[1][2][3] or, alternatively, three of those offices excluding the Prime Minister.[4][5]
Current
| Great Offices of State of His Majesty's Government[6][7][8][9][10] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Truss ministry | |||||
| Office | Officeholder | Took office | Concurrent government office(s) | Previous government office | |
| Prime Minister | 
|
The Right Honourable Liz Truss MP for South West Norfolk (born 1975) |
6 September 2022[11] |
| |
| Chancellor of the Exchequer | 
|
The Right Honourable Jeremy Hunt MP for South West Surrey (born 1966) |
14 October 2022 | Second Lord of the Treasury | Foreign Secretary July 2018 – July 2019 |
| Foreign Secretary (Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs) |
|
The Right Honourable James Cleverly MP for Braintree (born 1969) |
6 September 2022 |
| |
| Home Secretary (Secretary of State for the Home Department) |
|
The Right Honourable Grant Shapps MP for Welwyn Hatfield (born 1968) |
19 October 2022 |
| |
History
The Great Offices of State are derived from the most senior positions in the Royal Household – the Great Officers of State. These eventually became hereditary and honorary titles, while the substantive duties of the Officers passed to individuals who were appointed on behalf of the Crown.[12] James Callaghan is the first and, to date, only person to have served in all four positions.[1][13]
The Truss ministry, formed on 6 September 2022, had no white men holding positions in the Great Offices of State, for the first time in British political history.[14][15][16] This remained the case for just 38 days until the appointment of Jeremy Hunt as Chancellor of the Exchequer on 14 October 2022, replacing Kwasi Kwarteng who had been the first black Chancellor.[17] Five days later on 19 October 2022, Grant Shapps was appointed Home Secretary, replacing Suella Braverman.[18]
See also
References
- ^ a b McKie, David (28 March 2005). "Lord Callaghan". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 10 June 2008.
He had held all four of the great offices of state
- ^ Eason, Gary (27 March 2005). "Callaghan's great education debate". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 January 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
- ^ "The Conservative Party | People | Members of Parliament | Kenneth Clarke". Conservative Party. 10 February 2010. Archived from the original on 10 February 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ^ "The Cabinet - Cabinet and the Great Offices of State". Britpolitics. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ^ "The Great Offices of State". BBC. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ^ "Ministers". UK Government. Archived from the original on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "The Rt Hon Boris Johnson MP". UK Government. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "The Rt Hon Nadhim Zahawi MP". UK Government. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ "The Rt Hon Dominic Raab MP". UK Government. Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "The Rt Hon Priti Patel MP". UK Government. Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "Liz Truss is new UK prime minister after meeting Queen". BBC News. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
- ^ Phillips, Owen Hood; Chalmers, Dalzell (1952). The Constitutional Law of Great Britain and the Commonwealth. London: Sweet & Maxwell. p. 240. Archived from the original on 8 November 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Lady Callaghan of Cardiff". The Independent. London. 30 March 2005.[dead link]
- ^ Khan, Aina J. (5 September 2022). "UK's four great offices of state may soon not feature a white man for first time". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
- ^ Zeffman, Henry (5 September 2022). "Great offices of state set to contain no white men". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
- ^ Martin, Daniel (6 September 2022). "Liz Truss forms most diverse Cabinet in history with no white males in top jobs". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
- ^ "PM confirms Hunt as new chancellor". BBC News. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- ^ "Liz Truss's government on the brink after Suella Braverman's parting shot". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
