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| image = Great Sparrow.jpg
| image = Great Sparrow.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| [[regnum]] = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| [[phylum]] = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| [[classis]] = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passerine|Passeriformes]]
| [[ordo]] = [[Passerine|Passeriformes]]
| subordo = [[Passeri]]
| [[subordo]] = [[Passeri]]
| infraordo = [[Passerida]]
| [[infraordo]] = [[Passerida]]
| superfamilia = [[Passeroidea]]
| [[superfamilia]] = [[Passeroidea]]
| familia = [[sparrow|Passeridae]]
| [[familia]] = [[sparrow|Passeridae]]
| genus = ''[[Passer]]''
| [[genus]] = ''[[Passer]]''
| species = '''''P. motitensis'''''
| [[species]] = '''''[[P. motitensis]]'''''
| binomial = ''Passer motitensis''
| [[binomial]] = ''[[Passer motitensis]]''
| binomial_authority = [[Andrew Smith (zoologist)|Smith]], 1836<ref>{{cite journal|last=Clancey|first=P. A.|title=On the original description of ''Passer iagoensis motitensis'' Smith|journal=Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club|volume=84|issue=6|year=1964|page=110}}</ref>
| binomial_authority = [[Andrew Smith (zoologist)|Smith]], 1836<ref>{{cite journal|last=Clancey|first=P. A.|title=On the original description of ''Passer iagoensis motitensis'' Smith|journal=Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club|volume=84|issue=6|year=1964|page=110}}</ref>
}}
}}


The '''great sparrow''', also known as the '''southern rufous sparrow''' or the '''rufous sparrow''' (''Passer motitensis'') is found in southern [[Africa]] in dry, wooded [[savannah]] and towns.<ref name=IUCN2012/><ref>{{harvnb|Clement|Harris|Davis|1993|pp=453–455}}</ref>
[[The]] '''[[great sparrow]]''', [[also]] [[known]] [[as]] [[the]] '''[[southern rufous sparrow]]''' [[or]] [[the]] '''[[rufous sparrow]]''' (''[[Passer motitensis]]'') [[is]] [[found]] [[in]] [[southern]] [[Africa]] [[in]] [[dry]], [[wooded]] [[savannah]] [[and]] [[towns]].<ref name=IUCN2012/><ref>{{harvnb|Clement|Harris|Davis|1993|pp=453–455}}</ref>


This is a 15&ndash;16&nbsp;cm long [[sparrow]] superficially like a large [[house sparrow]]. It has a grey crown and rear neck and rufous upperparts.<ref>{{harvnb|Summers-Smith|1988|pp=80–81}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Harrison, J. A.|editor2=Allan, D. G.|editor3=Underhill, L. G.|editor4=Herremans, M.|editor5=Tree, A. J.|editor6=Parker, V.|editor7=Brown, C. J|author=Herremans, M.|year=1997|contribution=Great Sparrow|url=http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/802.pdf|title=The Atlas of Southern African Birds|publisher=BirdLife South Africa|volume=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Jensen|first=R. A. C.|contribution=Great Sparrow|page=650|title=The Complete Book of Southern African Birds|editor=Ginn, P. J.|editor2=McIlleron, W. G.|editor3=Milstein, P. le S|year=1989|publisher=Struik Winchester|location=Cape Town|isbn=0-947430-11-3}}</ref>
[[This]] [[is]] [[a]] 15&ndash;16&nbsp;cm long [[sparrow]] [[superficially]] [[like]] [[a]] [[large]] [[house sparrow]]. [[It]] [[has]] [[a]] [[grey]] [[crown]] [[and]] [[rear]] [[neck]] [[and]] [[rufous upperparts]].<ref>{{harvnb|Summers-Smith|1988|pp=80–81}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Harrison, J. A.|editor2=Allan, D. G.|editor3=Underhill, L. G.|editor4=Herremans, M.|editor5=Tree, A. J.|editor6=Parker, V.|editor7=Brown, C. J|author=Herremans, M.|year=1997|contribution=Great Sparrow|url=http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/802.pdf|title=The Atlas of Southern African Birds|publisher=BirdLife South Africa|volume=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Jensen|first=R. A. C.|contribution=Great Sparrow|page=650|title=The Complete Book of Southern African Birds|editor=Ginn, P. J.|editor2=McIlleron, W. G.|editor3=Milstein, P. le S|year=1989|publisher=Struik Winchester|location=Cape Town|isbn=0-947430-11-3}}</ref>


The taxonomy of this species and the other "rufous sparrows" is confused. Some authors considered this species to be the same as the [[Iago sparrow]], and some recognise only some of the rufous sparrows as separate from the great sparrow, but the ''[[Handbook of the Birds of the World]]'' recognises the [[Socotra sparrow]], [[Kenya sparrow]], [[Kordofan sparrow]], and [[Shelley's sparrow]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kirwan|first=Guy M.|year=2008|title=Studies of Socotran Birds III. Morphological and mensural evidence for a 'new' species in the Rufous Sparrow ''Passer motitensis'' complex endemic to the island of Abd 'Al Kuri, with the validation of ''Passer insularis'' Sclater & Hartlaub, 1881|journal=[[Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club]]|volume=128|issue=2|pages=83–93}}</ref>
[[The]] [[taxonomy]] [[of]] [[this]] [[species]] [[and]] [[the]] [[other]] "[[rufous sparrows]]" [[is]] [[confused]]. [[Some]] [[authors]] [[considered]] [[this]] [[species]] [[to]] [[be]] [[the]] [[same]] [[as]] [[the]] [[Iago sparrow]], [[and]] [[some]] [[recognize]] [[only]] [[some]] [[of]] [[the]] [[rufous]] [[sparrows]] [[as]] [[separate]] [[from]] [[the great sparrow]], [[but]] [[the]] ''[[Handbook of the Birds of the World]]'' [[recognizes]] [[the]] [[Socotra sparrow]], [[Kenya sparrow]], [[Kordofan sparrow]], [[and]] [[Shelley's sparrow]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kirwan|first=Guy M.|year=2008|title=Studies of Socotran Birds III. [[Morphological]] [[and]] [[mensural]] [[evidence]] [[for]] [[a]] '[[new]]' [[species]] [[in]] [[the]] [[Rufous Sparrow]] ''[[Passer motitensis]]'' [[complex]] [[endemic]] [[to]] [[the island of Abd 'Al Kuri, with the validation of ''Passer insularis]]'' Sclater & Hartlaub, 1881|journal=[[Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club]]|volume=128|issue=2|pages=83–93}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 07:40, 11 June 2018

Great sparrow
Scientific classification

The great sparrow, also known as the southern rufous sparrow or the rufous sparrow (Passer motitensis) is found in southern Africa in dry, wooded savannah and towns.[1][2]

This is a 15–16 cm long sparrow superficially like a large house sparrow. It has a grey crown and rear neck and rufous upperparts.[3][4][5]

The taxonomy of this species and the other "rufous sparrows" is confused. Some authors considered this species to be the same as the Iago sparrow, and some recognize only some of the rufous sparrows as separate from the great sparrow, but the Handbook of the Birds of the World recognizes the Socotra sparrow, Kenya sparrow, Kordofan sparrow, and Shelley's sparrow.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b Template:IUCN
  2. ^ Clement, Harris & Davis 1993, pp. 453–455
  3. ^ Summers-Smith 1988, pp. 80–81
  4. ^ Herremans, M. (1997). "Great Sparrow". In Harrison, J. A.; Allan, D. G.; Underhill, L. G.; Herremans, M.; Tree, A. J.; Parker, V.; Brown, C. J (eds.). The Atlas of Southern African Birds (PDF). Vol. 1. BirdLife South Africa.
  5. ^ Jensen, R. A. C. (1989). "Great Sparrow". In Ginn, P. J.; McIlleron, W. G.; Milstein, P. le S (eds.). The Complete Book of Southern African Birds. Cape Town: Struik Winchester. p. 650. ISBN 0-947430-11-3.
  6. ^ Kirwan, Guy M. (2008). "Studies of Socotran Birds III. Morphological and mensural evidence for a 'new' species in the Rufous Sparrow Passer motitensis complex endemic to the island of Abd 'Al Kuri, with the validation of ''Passer insularis Sclater & Hartlaub, 1881". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 128 (2): 83–93.
Works cited
  • Clement, Peter; Harris, Alan; Davis, John (1993). Finches and Sparrows. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03424-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Sinclair, Ian; Hockey, Phil; Tarboton, Warwick (2002). SASOL Birds of Southern Africa. Struik. ISBN 1-86872-721-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Summers-Smith, J. Denis (1988). The Sparrows. illustrated by Robert Gillmor. Calton, Staffs, England: T. & A. D. Poyser. ISBN 0-85661-048-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Summers-Smith, J. Denis (2009). "Family Passeridae (Old World Sparrows)". In del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-84-96553-50-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
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