HP Series 80: Difference between revisions
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The '''Hewlett-Packard series 80''' of '''small scientific desktop computers''' was introduced in 1979, beginning with the popular model 85 targeted at engineering and control applications. |
The '''Hewlett-Packard series 80''' of '''small scientific desktop computers''' was introduced in 1979, beginning with the popular model 85 targeted at engineering and control applications. |
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[[Image:HP85B.jpg|right|thumb|300px|HP-85B]] |
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==Features== |
==Features== |
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The HP-85's typewriter-style desktop case contained a 5" [[Cathode ray tube|CRT]] screen, a tape drive (DC-100 cartridges, 210 kBytes capacity, 650 bytes/s transfer) and a thermal printer. It could be expanded through four module slots in the back that could hold memory modules, ROM extensions, or interfaces such as [[RS-232]] and [[IEEE-488|GPIB]]. |
The HP-85's typewriter-style desktop case contained a 5" [[Cathode ray tube|CRT]] screen, a tape drive (DC-100 cartridges, 210 kBytes capacity, 650 bytes/s transfer) and a thermal printer. It could be expanded through four module slots in the back that could hold memory modules, ROM extensions, or interfaces such as [[RS-232]] and [[IEEE-488|GPIB]]. |
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[[Image:HP86B_with_9121_Disk.jpg|right|thumb|300px|HP-86B with 9121 dual diskette drive]] |
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The machines were built around an HP-proprietary [[CPU]] running at 625 kHz (0.6 MHz, sic!) and had a BASIC interpreter in ROM. Programs could be stored on DC-100 cartridge tapes or on disk/tape units connected through GPIB. |
The machines were built around an HP-proprietary [[CPU]] running at 625 kHz (0.6 MHz, sic!) and had a BASIC interpreter in ROM. Programs could be stored on DC-100 cartridge tapes or on disk/tape units connected through GPIB. |
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==Models== |
==Models== |
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{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 |
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|width="20%" | '''Model''' || ''' Year ''' || ''' Price ''' || '''Remarks''' |
|width="20%" | '''Model''' || ''' Year ''' || ''' Price ''' || '''Remarks''' |
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''Note'': The HP-86/87 series used different ROMs (yellow labelling) from the 85/83 models (white labelling). |
''Note'': The HP-86/87 series used different ROMs (yellow labelling) from the 85/83 models (white labelling). |
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{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 |
{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 class=wikitable |
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|align=center width="10%"| 83/85 || align=center width="10%"| 86/87 || |
|align=center width="10%"| 83/85 || align=center width="10%"| 86/87 ||Function || Description |
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| 00085-15003 || 00087-15003 || '''I/O''' || to access GPIB, serial and parallel (GPIO) interfaces |
| 00085-15003 || 00087-15003 || '''I/O''' || to access GPIB, serial and parallel (GPIO) interfaces |
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==Hardware extensions== |
==Hardware extensions== |
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{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 |
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|width=" |
|width="12%" align=center |82936A || [[Read-only memory|ROM]] drawer for up to 6 of the above ROMs (max 1 per unit) |
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|82903A 16 K Memory module, for HP-85 only (max 1 per unit) |
|align=center |82903A || 16 K Memory module, for HP-85 only (max 1 per unit) |
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|82908A 64 K Memory module, for HP-86/87 only |
|align=center |82908A || 64 K Memory module, for HP-86/87 only |
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|82909A 128 K Memory module, for HP-86/87 only |
|align=center |82909A || 128 K Memory module, for HP-86/87 only |
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|82967A Speech synthesis module |
|align=center |82967A || Speech synthesis module |
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|82900A [[CP/M]] System (for HP-86/87 only). Contains a [[Zilog Z80]] microprocessor and 64 Kbytes dedicated RAM. |
|align=center |82900A || [[CP/M]] System (for HP-86/87 only). Contains a [[Zilog Z80]] microprocessor and 64 Kbytes dedicated RAM. |
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|82928A System monitor for assembly development |
|align=center |82928A || System monitor for assembly development |
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|82929A Programmable ROM drawer for standard [[EPROM]]s |
|align=center |82929A || Programmable ROM drawer for standard [[EPROM]]s |
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==Interfaces== |
==Interfaces== |
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{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 |
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|width=" |
|width="12%" align=center |82937A || [[IEEE-488|HP-IB]] Interface (GPIB, IEEE-488, IEC625) |
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|82938A [[HP-IL]] Interface |
|align=center |82938A || [[HP-IL]] Interface |
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|82939A [[RS-232]] Serial Interface |
|align=center |82939A || [[RS-232]] Serial Interface |
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|82940A GPIO Interface (general-purpose 4 × 8bit parallel) |
|align=center |82940A || GPIO Interface (general-purpose 4 × 8bit parallel) |
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|82941A BCD Interface (parallel, 11 binary coded decimal digits + sign) |
|align=center |82941A || BCD Interface (parallel, 11 binary coded decimal digits + sign) |
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|82949A Printer Interface ([[Centronics]] parallel) |
|align=center |82949A || Printer Interface ([[Centronics]] parallel) |
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|82950A Modem (110/300 bit/s, [[Bell 103 modem|Bell 103]]/113) |
|align=center |82950A || Modem (110/300 bit/s, [[Bell 103 modem|Bell 103]]/113) |
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|82966A Data Link Interface (to connect to HP1000/[[HP 3000|3000]] hosts) |
|align=center |82966A || Data Link Interface (to connect to HP1000/[[HP 3000|3000]] hosts) |
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Revision as of 12:21, 20 March 2006
The Hewlett-Packard series 80 of small scientific desktop computers was introduced in 1979, beginning with the popular model 85 targeted at engineering and control applications.
Features
The HP-85's typewriter-style desktop case contained a 5" CRT screen, a tape drive (DC-100 cartridges, 210 kBytes capacity, 650 bytes/s transfer) and a thermal printer. It could be expanded through four module slots in the back that could hold memory modules, ROM extensions, or interfaces such as RS-232 and GPIB.
The machines were built around an HP-proprietary CPU running at 625 kHz (0.6 MHz, sic!) and had a BASIC interpreter in ROM. Programs could be stored on DC-100 cartridge tapes or on disk/tape units connected through GPIB.
Despite the comparatively slow processor, the machines were quite advanced compared to other desktop computers of the time[1]. The standard number format was a 12 digit (decimal) mantissa with exponents up to ±499, and the interpreter supported a full set of scientific functions at this accuracy.
They also included graphics functions (on screen and hard copy) in the standard model and could easily be expanded in hardware and software - for example, matrix operations could be added to the BASIC interpreter through option ROMs. For the larger HP-86 and HP-87 series, HP also offered a plug-in CP/M processor card.
Models
Model | Year | Price | Remarks |
HP-85A | 1979 | $3,250[2] | 16 K RAM, 32 K ROM; 5" CRT, 32×16 text or 256×192 graphics; tape drive, printer |
HP-83 | 1981 | $2,250[3] | same as HP-85 without printer and tape drive |
HP-86A | 1982 | $1,795[4] | external composite monitor, no tape drive or printer; 2 interfaces for 9130 floppy & 1 Centronics printer port built in; 64 K RAM |
HP-87 | 1982 | ? | 9" 80×16 (256×128) display, no printer, no tape, built-in HPIB; 32 K RAM |
HP-85B | ? | ? | update to HP-85A; 64 K RAM (32 K program, 32 K ramdisk; I/O, EDISK, and Mass Storage ROM built in |
HP-86B | ? | ? | update to HP-86; built-in HPIB instead of diskette and Centronics ports; 128 K RAM; EDISK ROM built-in |
HP-87XM | 1983(?) | $2,995[5] | update to HP-87; built-in HPIB; 128 K RAM |
HP-9915A/B | 1980 | ? | industrial rack-mount version of HP-85A without screen or keyboard, I/O ROM and Program Development ROM built in |
ROM extensions
Note: The HP-86/87 series used different ROMs (yellow labelling) from the 85/83 models (white labelling).
83/85 | 86/87 | Function | Description |
00085-15003 | 00087-15003 | I/O | to access GPIB, serial and parallel (GPIO) interfaces |
00085-15001 | built-in | Mass Storage | to access diskette/disk drives on GPIB. Built into 85 B, 86, 87. |
n/a | 00087-15002 | Plotter | including screen-dump to external dot matrix printer |
00085-15005 | 00087-15005 | Advanced Prog. | |
n/a | 00087-15012 | Electronic Disk | using parts of RAM as a disk drive |
00085-15004 | 00087-15004 | Matrix | Mathematical matrix operations including inversion (solving linear equation systems) |
00085-15007 | 00087-15007 | Assembler | |
00085-15011 | 00087-15011 | MIKSAM | file management |
00085-15013 | 00087-15013 | EMS | access to SS-80 compatible mass storage |
? | ? | Service | diagnostic routines for service/maintenance |
Hardware extensions
82936A | ROM drawer for up to 6 of the above ROMs (max 1 per unit) |
82903A | 16 K Memory module, for HP-85 only (max 1 per unit) |
82908A | 64 K Memory module, for HP-86/87 only |
82909A | 128 K Memory module, for HP-86/87 only |
82967A | Speech synthesis module |
82900A | CP/M System (for HP-86/87 only). Contains a Zilog Z80 microprocessor and 64 Kbytes dedicated RAM. |
82928A | System monitor for assembly development |
82929A | Programmable ROM drawer for standard EPROMs |
Interfaces
82937A | HP-IB Interface (GPIB, IEEE-488, IEC625) |
82938A | HP-IL Interface |
82939A | RS-232 Serial Interface |
82940A | GPIO Interface (general-purpose 4 × 8bit parallel) |
82941A | BCD Interface (parallel, 11 binary coded decimal digits + sign) |
82949A | Printer Interface (Centronics parallel) |
82950A | Modem (110/300 bit/s, Bell 103/113) |
82966A | Data Link Interface (to connect to HP1000/3000 hosts) |
External links
- series80.org
- http://www.hpmuseum.org/hp85.htm
- http://hpmuseum.net/exhibit.php?class=1&cat=9
- http://www.vintagecomputers.freeserve.co.uk/hp85/
- HP-85 pictures from all sides
- Repairing the HP-85 tape drive
Notes
- ^ e.g. Apple II (1977), Tandy TRS-80 (1977), CBM 4032 (1979), Zenith Z89 (1980)
- ^ $3,250 in 1980 = ~ $7,600 in 2005 (see Inflation Conversion Factors for Dollars)
- ^ $2,250 in 1981 = ~$4,800 in 2005 (ibid.)
- ^ $1,795 in 1982 = ~$3,600 in 2005 (ibid.)
- ^ $2,995 in 1983 = ~$5,800 in 2005 (ibid.)