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{{short description|Three-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1}}
{{short description|Three-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1}}
'''ISO 3166-1 alpha-3''' codes are three-letter [[country code]]s defined in [[ISO 3166-1]], part of the [[ISO 3166]] standard published by the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO), to represent [[country|countries]], [[dependent territory|dependent territories]], and special areas of geographical interest. They allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the two-letter [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2|alpha-2]] codes (the third set of codes is [[ISO 3166-1 numeric|numeric]] and hence offers no visual association).<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166-faqs/iso_3166_faqs_general.htm| title=ISO 3166 – FAQs – General questions| publisher=International Organization for Standardization (ISO)}}</ref> They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.
'''ISO 3166-1 alpha-3''' codes are three-letter [[country code]]s defined in [[ISO 3166-1]], part of the [[ISO 3166]] standard published by the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO), to represent [[country|countries]], [[dependent territory|dependent territories]], and special areas of geographical interest. They allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the two-letter [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2|alpha-2]] codes (the third set of codes is [[ISO 3166-1 numeric|numeric]] and hence offers no visual association).<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166-faqs/iso_3166_faqs_general.htm| title=ISO 3166 – FAQs – General questions| publisher=International Organization for Standardization (ISO) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514070956/http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166-faqs/iso_3166_faqs_general.htm |archive-date=2011-05-14}}</ref> They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.


==Uses and applications==
==Uses and applications==
The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are used most prominently in ISO/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] 7501-1 for [[machine-readable passport]]s, as standardized by the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]], with a number of additional codes for special passports; some of these codes are currently [[#Codes currently agreed not to use|reserved and not used at the present stage]] in ISO 3166-1.<ref name="icao">{{cite web| url=http://www.airports.org/aci/aci/file/ACI_Priorities/Security/ICAO%20State%203%20letter%20codes.pdf| title=Appendix 7 to Section IV – Three-letter codes| work=Doc 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part I – Machine Readable Passports, Volume I – Passports with Machine Readable Data Stored in Optical Character Recognition Format| pages=IV-43–IV-46| publisher=International Civil Aviation Organization}}</ref>
The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are used most prominently in ISO/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] 7501-1 for [[machine-readable passport]]s, as standardized by the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]], with a number of additional codes for special passports; some of these codes are currently [[#Codes currently agreed not to use|reserved and not used at the present stage]] in ISO 3166-1.<ref name="icao">{{citation| url=https://www.icao.int/publications/Documents/9303_p3_cons_en.pdf| title=Doc 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 3: Specifications Common to all MRTDs| chapter=Codes for Nationality, Place of Birth, Location of Issuing State/Authority and Other Purposes| edition=Eighth| date=2021| pages=21–23| publisher=International Civil Aviation Organization}}</ref>


The [[United Nations]] uses a combination of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes, along with codes that pre-date the creation of ISO 3166, for [[List of international vehicle registration codes|international vehicle registration codes]], which are codes used to identify the issuing country of a vehicle registration plate; some of these codes are currently [[#Indeterminate reservations|indeterminately reserved]] in ISO 3166-1.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.unece.org/trans/conventn/Distsigns.pdf| title=Distinguishing signs used on vehicles in international traffic| publisher=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe}}</ref>
The [[United Nations]] uses a combination of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes, along with codes that pre-date the creation of ISO 3166, for [[List of international vehicle registration codes|international vehicle registration codes]], which are codes used to identify the issuing country of a vehicle registration plate; some of these codes are currently [[#Indeterminate reservations|indeterminately reserved]] in ISO 3166-1.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.unece.org/trans/conventn/Distsigns.pdf| title=Distinguishing signs used on vehicles in international traffic| publisher=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe}}</ref>
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* {{mono|BLZ}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Belize]]
* {{mono|BLZ}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Belize]]
* {{mono|BMU}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Bermuda]]
* {{mono|BMU}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Bermuda]]
* {{mono|BOL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Bolivia|Bolivia (Plurinational State of)]]
* {{mono|BOL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Bolivia|Bolivia, Plurinational State of]]
* {{mono|BRA}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Brazil]]
* {{mono|BRA}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Brazil]]
* {{mono|BRB}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Barbados]]
* {{mono|BRB}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Barbados]]
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* {{mono|CYM}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Cayman Islands]]
* {{mono|CYM}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Cayman Islands]]
* {{mono|CYP}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Cyprus]]
* {{mono|CYP}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Cyprus]]
* {{mono|CZE}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Czech Republic|Czechia]]
* {{mono|CZE}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Czechia]]
* {{mono|DEU}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Germany]]
* {{mono|DEU}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Germany]]
* {{mono|DJI}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Djibouti]]
* {{mono|DJI}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Djibouti]]
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* {{mono|FRA}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[France]]
* {{mono|FRA}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[France]]
* {{mono|FRO}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Faroe Islands]]
* {{mono|FRO}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Faroe Islands]]
* {{mono|FSM}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Federated States of Micronesia|Micronesia (Federated States of)]]
* {{mono|FSM}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Federated States of Micronesia|Micronesia, Federated States of]]
* {{mono|GAB}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Gabon]]
* {{mono|GAB}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Gabon]]
* {{mono|GBR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[United Kingdom|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]]
* {{mono|GBR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[United Kingdom|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]]
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* {{mono|IOT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[British Indian Ocean Territory]]
* {{mono|IOT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[British Indian Ocean Territory]]
* {{mono|IRL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
* {{mono|IRL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
* {{mono|IRN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Iran|Iran (Islamic Republic of)]]
* {{mono|IRN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Iran, Islamic Republic of]]
* {{mono|IRQ}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Iraq]]
* {{mono|IRQ}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Iraq]]
* {{mono|ISL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Iceland]]
* {{mono|ISL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Iceland]]
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* {{mono|NIC}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Nicaragua]]
* {{mono|NIC}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Nicaragua]]
* {{mono|NIU}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Niue]]
* {{mono|NIU}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Niue]]
* {{mono|NLD}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Netherlands]]
* {{mono|NLD}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands, Kingdom of the]]
* {{mono|NOR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Norway]]
* {{mono|NOR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Norway]]
* {{mono|NPL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Nepal]]
* {{mono|NPL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Nepal]]
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* {{mono|POL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Poland]]
* {{mono|POL}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Poland]]
* {{mono|PRI}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Puerto Rico]]
* {{mono|PRI}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Puerto Rico]]
* {{mono|PRK}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[North Korea|Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)]]
* {{mono|PRK}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[North Korea|Korea, Democratic People's Republic of]]
* {{mono|PRT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Portugal]]
* {{mono|PRT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Portugal]]
* {{mono|PRY}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Paraguay]]
* {{mono|PRY}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Paraguay]]
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* {{mono|TTO}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Trinidad and Tobago]]
* {{mono|TTO}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Trinidad and Tobago]]
* {{mono|TUN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Tunisia]]
* {{mono|TUN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Tunisia]]
* {{mono|TUR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Turkey]]
* {{mono|TUR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Turkey|Türkiye]]
* {{mono|TUV}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Tuvalu]]
* {{mono|TUV}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Tuvalu]]
* {{mono|TWN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Taiwan]], [[Taiwan, Province of China|<!--DO NOT CHANGE-->Province of China<!--The United Nations considers Taiwan as part of the People's Republic of China, so "Taiwan, Province of China" is the country name used in ISO 3166: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:TW -->]]
* {{mono|TWN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Taiwan]], [[Taiwan, Province of China|<!--DO NOT CHANGE-->Province of China<!--The United Nations considers Taiwan as part of the People's Republic of China, so "Taiwan, Province of China" is the country name used in ISO 3166: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:TW -->]]
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* {{mono|VAT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Vatican City|Holy See]]
* {{mono|VAT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Vatican City|Holy See]]
* {{mono|VCT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
* {{mono|VCT}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
* {{mono|VEN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Venezuela|Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)]]
* {{mono|VEN}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Venezuela|Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of]]
* {{mono|VGB}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[British Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands (British)]]
* {{mono|VGB}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[British Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands (British)]]
* {{mono|VIR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[United States Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands (U.S.)]]
* {{mono|VIR}}&nbsp;&nbsp;[[United States Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands (U.S.)]]
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The following codes are used in ISO/IEC 7501-1 for special [[machine-readable passport]]s:<ref name="icao" />
The following codes are used in ISO/IEC 7501-1 for special [[machine-readable passport]]s:<ref name="icao" />


* {{mono|EUE}} is used for the [[European Union laissez-passer]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.laissez-passer.eu|title=European Union laissez-passer (video at 0:47)|website=Laissez-passer.eu|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref>
* {{mono|EUE}} is used for the [[European Union laissez-passer]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.laissez-passer.eu|title=European Union laissez-passer (video at 0:47)|website=Laissez-passer.eu|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref>
* {{mono|XOM}} is used to represent the [[Sovereign Military Order of Malta]]
* {{mono|XOM}} is used to represent the [[Sovereign Military Order of Malta]]
* {{mono|D}}, a single character, is used for [[Germany]].
* {{mono|XPO}} is used for [[Interpol passport|Interpol travel documents]]
* {{mono|XPO}} is used for [[Interpol passport|Interpol travel documents]]
* {{mono|XXA}} is used to represent a [[statelessness|stateless person]], as defined in Article 1 of the [[1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons]]
* {{mono|XXA}} is used to represent a [[statelessness|stateless person]], as defined in Article 1 of the [[1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons]]
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* {{mono|XXC}} is used to represent a refugee, other than as defined above
* {{mono|XXC}} is used to represent a refugee, other than as defined above
* {{mono|XXX}} is used to represent a person of unspecified nationality
* {{mono|XXX}} is used to represent a person of unspecified nationality
* {{mono|WSA}} is used for the [[World Service Authority]] [[World Passport]] (The World Service Authority World Passport contains "WSA" as the authority code. It has been filed with the International Civil Aviation Organization, but does not appear in official ICAO documents as valid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icao.int/publications/Documents/9303_p2_cons_en.pdf|format=PDF|title=Doc 9303 : Machine Readable Travel Documents|page=III-1-4|website=Icao.int|access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref>)


[[List of NATO country codes|NATO STANAG 1059 INT]] is built upon ISO alpha-3 codes, but also defines alpha-2 codes incompatible with ISO 3166-1. It introduces several private use codes for fictional countries and organizational entities:
[[List of NATO country codes|NATO STANAG 1059 INT]] is built upon ISO alpha-3 codes, but also defines alpha-2 codes incompatible with ISO 3166-1. It introduces several private use codes for fictional countries and organizational entities:


{{div col|content=
* {{mono|XXB}} "Brownland"
* {{mono|XXB}} "Brownland"
* {{mono|XXG}} "Greyland"
* {{mono|XXG}} "Greyland"
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* {{mono|XXN}} NATO "Blue" Command
* {{mono|XXN}} NATO "Blue" Command
* {{mono|XXS}} [[SACLANT]]
* {{mono|XXS}} [[SACLANT]]
}}


NATO also continues to use reserved codes for continents:
NATO also continues to use reserved codes for continents:
{{div col|content=

* {{mono|ABB}} Asia
* {{mono|ABB}} Asia
* {{mono|EEE}} Europe
* {{mono|EEE}} Europe
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* {{mono|UUU}} Oceania
* {{mono|UUU}} Oceania
* {{mono|NTT}} NATO countries
* {{mono|NTT}} NATO countries
}}
<!--
<!--
Differences and omissions from 9th edition (2005) due to subsequent updates to ISO 3166-1:
Differences and omissions from 9th edition (2005) due to subsequent updates to ISO 3166-1:
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* {{mono|ASC}} [[Ascension Island]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[Universal Postal Union|Universal Postal Union (UPU)]], also used by [[International Telecommunication Union|International Telecommunication Union (ITU)]]
* {{mono|ASC}} [[Ascension Island]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[Universal Postal Union|Universal Postal Union (UPU)]], also used by [[International Telecommunication Union|International Telecommunication Union (ITU)]]
* {{mono|CPT}} [[Clipperton Island]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]]
* {{mono|CPT}} [[Clipperton Island]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]]
* {{mono|DGA}} [[Diego Garcia]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]]
* {{mono|DGA}} [[Diego Garcia]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of ITU
* {{mono|FXX}} [[Metropolitan France|France, Metropolitan]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[France]]; Officially assigned before being deleted from ISO 3166-1
* {{mono|FXX}} [[Metropolitan France|France, Metropolitan]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[France]]; Officially assigned before being deleted from ISO 3166-1
* {{mono|SUN}} [[Soviet Union|USSR]]{{snd}} From June 2008; Transitionally reserved from September 1992; Officially assigned before being deleted from ISO 3166-1
* {{mono|SUN}} [[Soviet Union|USSR]]{{snd}} From June 2008; Transitionally reserved from September 1992; Officially assigned before being deleted from ISO 3166-1
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The following alpha-3 codes were previously exceptionally reserved, but are now officially assigned:
The following alpha-3 codes were previously exceptionally reserved, but are now officially assigned:


* {{mono|GGY}} [[Bailiwick of Guernsey|Guernsey]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]]
* {{mono|GGY}} [[Bailiwick of Guernsey|Guernsey]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of UPU
* {{mono|IMN}} [[Isle of Man]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]]
* {{mono|IMN}} [[Isle of Man]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of UPU
* {{mono|JEY}} [[Jersey]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]]
* {{mono|JEY}} [[Jersey]]{{snd}} Reserved on request of UPU


====Transitional reservations====<!--This section is linked from [[ISO 3166-1]]-->
====Transitional reservations====<!--This section is linked from [[ISO 3166-1]]-->
Line 342: Line 345:


* {{mono|ANT}} [[Netherlands Antilles]]{{snd}} From December 2010
* {{mono|ANT}} [[Netherlands Antilles]]{{snd}} From December 2010
* {{mono|BUR}} [[Burma]]{{snd}} From December 1989
* {{mono|BUR}} [[Myanmar|Burma]]{{snd}} From December 1989
* {{mono|BYS}} [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelorussian SSR]]{{snd}} From June 1992
* {{mono|BYS}} [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelorussian SSR]]{{snd}} From June 1992
* {{mono|CSK}} [[Czechoslovakia]]{{snd}} From June 1993
* {{mono|CSK}} [[Czechoslovakia]]{{snd}} From June 1993
* {{mono|NTZ}} [[Saudi–Iraqi neutral zone|Neutral Zone]]{{snd}} From July 1993
* {{mono|NTZ}} [[Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone|Neutral Zone]]{{snd}} From July 1993
* {{mono|ROM}} [[Romania]]{{snd}} From February 2002; Code changed to {{mono|ROU}}<ref name="Romania">{{cite web |url = http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-3_romania.pdf |title = RE: Change of alpha-3 Code Element |author = ISO International Organization for Standardization, ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency |date = 1 February 2002 |work = ISO 3166-1 NEWSLETTER No. V-3 |access-date = 26 June 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110722001502/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-3_romania.pdf |archive-date = 2011-07-22 |quote = Description of change: Change of the alpha-3 Code element for Romania from ROM to ROU following a request of the Government of Romania.}}</ref>
* {{mono|ROM}} [[Romania]]{{snd}} From February 2002; Code changed to {{mono|ROU}}<ref name="Romania">{{cite web |url = http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-3_romania.pdf |title = RE: Change of alpha-3 Code Element |author = ISO International Organization for Standardization, ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency |date = 1 February 2002 |work = ISO 3166-1 NEWSLETTER No. V-3 |access-date = 26 June 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110722001502/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-3_romania.pdf |archive-date = 2011-07-22 |quote = Description of change: Change of the alpha-3 Code element for Romania from ROM to ROU following a request of the Government of Romania.}}</ref>
* {{mono|SCG}} [[Serbia and Montenegro]]{{snd}} From September 2006
* {{mono|SCG}} [[Serbia and Montenegro]]{{snd}} From September 2006
Line 380: Line 383:
* {{mono|RSR}} [[Rhodesia|Southern Rhodesia]] [now Zimbabwe]
* {{mono|RSR}} [[Rhodesia|Southern Rhodesia]] [now Zimbabwe]
* {{mono|SLO}} [[Slovenia]]
* {{mono|SLO}} [[Slovenia]]
* {{mono|SME}} [[Suriname|Surinam]]
* {{mono|SME}} [[Suriname]]
* {{mono|TMN}} [[Turkmenistan]]
* {{mono|TMN}} [[Turkmenistan]]
* {{mono|WAG}} [[The Gambia|Gambia]]
* {{mono|WAG}} [[The Gambia|Gambia]]
* {{mono|WAL}} [[Sierra Leone]]
* {{mono|WAL}} [[Sierra Leone]]
* {{mono|WAN}} [[Nigeria]]
* {{mono|WAN}} [[Nigeria]]
* {{mono|ZRE}} [[Zaire|Zaire, People's Republic of]]
* {{mono|ZRE}} [[Zaire]]


The following alpha-3 code was previously indeterminately reserved, but has been reassigned to another country as its official code:
The following alpha-3 code was previously indeterminately reserved, but has been reassigned to another country as its official code:
Line 435: Line 438:
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==Sources and external links==
==Sources==
* [https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency], International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
* [https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency], International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
** ''Reserved code elements under ISO 3166-1 "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes"'', available on request from ISO 3166/MA
** ''Reserved code elements under ISO 3166-1 "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes"'', available on request from ISO 3166/MA
Line 441: Line 444:
** [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm Countries or areas, codes and abbreviations]{{snd}} list of alpha-3 and numeric codes (a few territories officially assigned codes in ISO 3166-1 are not included in this list)
** [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm Countries or areas, codes and abbreviations]{{snd}} list of alpha-3 and numeric codes (a few territories officially assigned codes in ISO 3166-1 are not included in this list)
* ''[[The World Factbook]]'' (public domain), Central Intelligence Agency
* ''[[The World Factbook]]'' (public domain), Central Intelligence Agency
** [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-d.html Appendix D{{snd}} Cross-Reference List of Country Data Codes]{{snd}} comparison of FIPS 10, ISO 3166, and STANAG 1059 country codes
** [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/references/country-data-codes/ Appendix D{{snd}} Country Data Codes]{{snd}} comparison of FIPS 10, ISO 3166, and STANAG 1059 country codes
* [http://www.statoids.com/ Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")], Statoids.com
* [http://www.statoids.com/ Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")], Statoids.com
** [http://www.statoids.com/wab.html Country codes]{{snd}} comparison of ISO 3166-1 country codes with other country codes
** [http://www.statoids.com/wab.html Country codes]{{snd}} comparison of ISO 3166-1 country codes with other country codes

Latest revision as of 05:02, 23 May 2024

ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are three-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the two-letter alpha-2 codes (the third set of codes is numeric and hence offers no visual association).[1] They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.

Uses and applications[edit]

The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are used most prominently in ISO/IEC 7501-1 for machine-readable passports, as standardized by the International Civil Aviation Organization, with a number of additional codes for special passports; some of these codes are currently reserved and not used at the present stage in ISO 3166-1.[2]

The United Nations uses a combination of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes, along with codes that pre-date the creation of ISO 3166, for international vehicle registration codes, which are codes used to identify the issuing country of a vehicle registration plate; some of these codes are currently indeterminately reserved in ISO 3166-1.[3]

Current codes[edit]

Officially assigned code elements[edit]

The following is a complete list of the current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes,[4] using a title case version of the English short names officially defined by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA):

User-assigned code elements[edit]

User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries, territories, or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1, and the ISO 3166/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard. The following alpha-3 codes can be user-assigned: AAA to AAZ, QMA to QZZ, XAA to XZZ, and ZZA to ZZZ.[5]

Examples[edit]

The following codes are used in ISO/IEC 7501-1 for special machine-readable passports:[2]

NATO STANAG 1059 INT is built upon ISO alpha-3 codes, but also defines alpha-2 codes incompatible with ISO 3166-1. It introduces several private use codes for fictional countries and organizational entities:

  • XXB "Brownland"
  • XXG "Greyland"
  • XXI "Indigoland"
  • XXL "Limeland"
  • XXP "Purpleland"
  • XXR "Redland"
  • XXW "Whiteland"
  • XXY "Yellowland"
  • XXE SHAPE
  • XXM NATO
  • XXN NATO "Blue" Command
  • XXS SACLANT

NATO also continues to use reserved codes for continents:

  • ABB Asia
  • EEE Europe
  • FFF Africa
  • NNN North America
  • SRR South America
  • UUU Oceania
  • NTT NATO countries

Reserved code elements[edit]

Reserved code elements are codes which have become obsolete, or are required in order to enable a particular user application of the standard but do not qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1. To avoid transitional application problems and to aid users who require specific additional code elements for the functioning of their coding systems, the ISO 3166/MA, when justified, reserves these codes which it undertakes not to use for other than specified purposes during a limited or indeterminate period of time. The reserved alpha-3 codes can be divided into the following four categories: exceptional reservations, transitional reservations, indeterminate reservations, and codes currently agreed not to use.

Exceptional reservations[edit]

Exceptionally reserved code elements are codes reserved at the request of national ISO member bodies, governments and international organizations, which are required in order to support a particular application, as specified by the requesting body and limited to such use; any further use of such code elements is subject to approval by the ISO 3166/MA. The following alpha-3 codes are currently exceptionally reserved:

The following alpha-3 codes were previously exceptionally reserved, but are now officially assigned:

  • GGY Guernsey – Reserved on request of UPU
  • IMN Isle of Man – Reserved on request of UPU
  • JEY Jersey – Reserved on request of UPU

Transitional reservations[edit]

Transitional reserved code elements are codes reserved after their deletion from ISO 3166-1. These codes may be used only during a transitional period of at least five years while new code elements that may have replaced them are taken into use. These codes may be reassigned by the ISO 3166/MA after the expiration of the transitional period. The following alpha-3 codes are currently transitionally reserved:

Indeterminate reservations[edit]

Indeterminately reserved code elements are codes used to designate road vehicles under the 1949 and 1968 United Nations Conventions on Road Traffic but differing from those contained in ISO 3166-1. These code elements are expected eventually to be either eliminated or replaced by code elements within ISO 3166-1. In the meantime, the ISO 3166/MA has reserved such code elements for an indeterminate period. Any use beyond the application of the two Conventions is discouraged and will not be approved by the ISO 3166/MA. Moreover, these codes may be reassigned by the ISO 3166/MA at any time. The following alpha-3 codes are currently indeterminately reserved:

The following alpha-3 code was previously indeterminately reserved, but has been reassigned to another country as its official code:

Codes currently agreed not to use[edit]

In addition, the ISO 3166/MA will not use the following alpha-3 codes at the present stage, as they are used in ISO/IEC 7501-1 for special machine-readable passports:

Deleted codes[edit]

Besides the codes currently transitionally reserved and two other codes currently exceptionally reserved (FXX for France, Metropolitan and SUN for USSR), the following alpha-3 codes have also been deleted from ISO 3166-1:[8]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "ISO 3166 – FAQs – General questions". International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Archived from the original on 2011-05-14.
  2. ^ a b "Codes for Nationality, Place of Birth, Location of Issuing State/Authority and Other Purposes", Doc 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 3: Specifications Common to all MRTDs (PDF) (Eighth ed.), International Civil Aviation Organization, 2021, pp. 21–23
  3. ^ "Distinguishing signs used on vehicles in international traffic" (PDF). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
  4. ^ "Country names and code elements". ISO.
  5. ^ "Glossary for ISO 3166 - Codes for countries and their subdivisions". ISO.
  6. ^ "European Union laissez-passer (video at 0:47)". Laissez-passer.eu. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  7. ^ ISO International Organization for Standardization, ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (1 February 2002). "RE: Change of alpha-3 Code Element" (PDF). ISO 3166-1 NEWSLETTER No. V-3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 26 June 2017. Description of change: Change of the alpha-3 Code element for Romania from ROM to ROU following a request of the Government of Romania.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ Clive Feather (2003-07-25). "Country codes in ISO 3166 (Table 2: codes withdrawn from use)". Davros.org.
  9. ^ Gwillim Law (2014-07-17). "Changes in ISO 3166-1". Statoids.com.

Sources[edit]

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