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{{Short description|Indonesian aerospace company}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Indonesian Aerospace (IAe)
| name = Indonesian Aerospace (IAe)
| native_name = {{lang|id|PT Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero)}}
| logo = Logo DI.jpg
| type = [[State-owned company]]
| logo = Indonesian Aerospace logo.png
| type = [[State-owned enterprise|State-owned company]]
| industry = [[Aerospace]] and [[Arms industry|Defense]]
| industry = [[Aerospace]] and [[Arms industry|Defense]]
| products = Commercial Airliners<br>Military aircraft <br>Aircraft Component <br>Aircraft Services <br>Defence <br>Engineering
| products = Commercial Airliners<br>Military aircraft <br>Aircraft Component <br>Aircraft Services <br>Defense<br>Engineering
| num_employees = 4,300 (2011)
| num_employees = 3,689 (2021)
| foundation = 23 August 1976, based on the Notary Act 15 on 26 April 1976 , [[Jakarta]] <br> (on 24 August 2000, the company took on current name, [[Bandung]])
| foundation = 23 August 1976 (as [[Nurtanio]] Aircraft Industry ({{lang-id|Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio}})
| location = [[Bandung]], Indonesia
| location = [[Bandung]], [[West Java]], Indonesia
| area_served = Worldwide
| owner = [[Ministry of State Owned Enterprises (Indonesia)|Indonesia
| parent = PT Len Industri
Ministry of State Owned Enterprises]]
| homepage = [http://www.indonesian-aerospace.com www.indonesian-aerospace.com]
| homepage = {{URL|indonesian-aerospace.com}}
}}
}}


'''Indonesian Aerospace''' ('''IAe''') or official Indonesian name '''PT Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero)''' is an Indonesian aerospace company involved in aircraft design and the development and manufacture of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft. The company was formerly known as ''Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara'' (IPTN) (Nusantara Aircraft Industry)<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/iptn.htm</ref><ref>http://en.voi.co.id/voi-editorial/12211-indonesian-aircraft-industry-penetrates-foreign-markets</ref>. It was expanded from a research and industrial facility under the auspices of the Indonesian Air Force, namely ''Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio'' (LIPNUR) or Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institute.<ref>https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/aboutus.php?m=aboutus&t=aboutus8</ref>
'''Indonesian Aerospace''' ('''IAe''') ({{lang-id|PT Dirgantara Indonesia}}), is an Indonesian aerospace company involved in aircraft design and the development and manufacture of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft, and a subsidiary of state-owned electronics manufacturer {{ill|Len Industri|id}}. The company was formerly known as {{lang|id|PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (Persero)}} (IPTN; {{lit|Nusantara Aircraft Industry (State-owned) Limited}}).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/iptn.htm|title=PT Indonesian Aerospace &#91; PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (IPTN)&#93;}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.voi.co.id/voi-editorial/12211-indonesian-aircraft-industry-penetrates-foreign-markets|title = Voi.co.id}}</ref> It was expanded from a research and industrial facility under the auspices of the [[Indonesian Air Force]], namely {{lang|id|Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (LIPNUR)}} or ''Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institute''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/aboutus.php?m=aboutus&t=aboutus8|title=Zend Framework Default Application}}</ref>


Established in 1976 as a state owned company, it has developed its capability as an aircraft manufacturer and diversified into other areas, such as telecommunication, automotive, maritime, information technology, oil & gas, control & automation, military, simulation technology, industrial turbine, and engineering services.
Established in 1976 as a state owned company, it has developed its capability as an aircraft manufacturer and diversified into other areas, such as telecommunication, automotive, maritime, information technology, oil & gas, control & automation, military, simulation technology, industrial turbine, and engineering services.
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=== Pioneering ===
=== Pioneering ===
[[File:Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo 2003 Indonesia stamp.jpg|thumb|Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo]]
Though aircraft production in Indonesia existed before independence in 1945, the National Aviation Industry was pioneered in 1946 at [[Yogyakarta (city)|Yogyakarta]] by the formation of ''Planning and Construction Bureau'' ({{lang-id|Biro Rencana dan Konstruksi}}) within the [[Military of Indonesia|Indonesian Air Force]]. [[Wiweko Soepono]], [[Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo]], and [[J. Sumarsono]], opened a simple workshop at [[Magetan]], near [[Madiun]]. With basic materials, gliders were designed and built – [[Zogling]], [[NWG-1]] (Nurtanio Wiweko Glider) among others.
Though aircraft production in Indonesia existed before independence in 1945, the National Aviation Industry was pioneered in 1946 at [[Yogyakarta (city)|Yogyakarta]] by the formation of ''Planning and Construction Bureau'' ({{lang-id|Biro Rencana dan Konstruksi}}) within the [[Military of Indonesia|Indonesian Air Force]]. Wiweko Soepono, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, and J. Sumarsono, opened a simple workshop at [[Magetan]], near [[Madiun]]. With basic materials, gliders were designed and built – [[Zogling]], NWG-1 (Nurtanio Wiweko Glider) among others.


In 1948, a motorised aircraft, [[WEL-X]] was built by [[Wiweko Soepono]] using a [[Harley Davidson]] engine. The small craft was registered as RI-X. This era marked the rise of several [[Model aircraft|aeromodelling]] clubs.
In 1948, a motorised aircraft, WEL-X was built by Wiweko Soepono using a [[Harley Davidson]] engine. The small craft was registered as RI-X. This era marked the rise of several [[Model aircraft|aeromodelling]] clubs.


The war for independence, however, halted all progress until 1953. In that year, ''The Experimental Section'' (''Seksi Percobaan'') was organised. Consisting of only 15 personnel, led by [[Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo]], The team built and tested three prototypes of a single-seat all metal aircraft at Andir Airport (Later renamed [[Husein Sastranegara International Airport]]) in [[Bandung]].
The war for independence, however, halted all progress until 1953. In that year, ''The Experimental Section'' ({{lang-id|Seksi Percobaan}}) was organised. Consisting of only 15 personnel, led by Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, The team built and tested three prototypes of a single-seat all metal aircraft at Andir Airport (Later renamed [[Husein Sastranegara International Airport]]) in [[Bandung]].


On 24 April 1957, The ''Experimental Section'' graduated into The ''Inspection, Trial, and Production Sub-Depot'' ({{lang-id|Sub Depot Penyelidikan, Percobaan dan Pembuatan}}) based on Decision Letter of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff number 68.
On 24 April 1957, The ''Experimental Section'' graduated into The ''Inspection, Trial, and Production Sub-Depot'' ({{lang-id|Sub Depot Penyelidikan, Percobaan dan Pembuatan}}) based on Decision Letter of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff number 68.


In 1958, a light training aircraft prototype named ''[[LIPNUR Belalang|Belalang 89]]'', or ''Grasshopper 89'', was flown. The design was later produced as ''Belalang 90''. Five ''Belalang 90'' were built and used for military training. Within the same year, a sport plane, "[[LIPNUR Kunang|Kunang 25]]", was also built and flown.
In 1958, a light training aircraft prototype named ''[[LIPNUR Belalang|Belalang 89]]'', or ''Grasshopper 89'', was flown. The design was later produced as {{lang|id|Belalang 90}}. Five {{lang|id|Belalang 90}} were built and used for military training. Within the same year, a sport plane, "[[LIPNUR Kunang|Kunang 25]]", was also built and flown.


=== Preparation ===
=== Preparation ===
On 1 August 1960, by the order of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff (order #488), The ''Aviation Industry Preparation Agency'' was to be formed to establish the National Aircraft Industry. By 16 December 1961, the new body, known as LAPIP (Lembaga Persiapan Industri Penerbangan), was actively negotiating for technological transfers and contracts.
On 1 August 1960, by the order of the Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force (order #488), The ''Aviation Industry Preparation Agency'' was to be formed to establish the Indonesian aviation industry as part of national strategies on national industrial production. By 16 December 1961, the new body, known as LAPIP ({{lang|id|Lembaga Persiapan Industri Penerbangan}}), was actively negotiating for technological transfers and contracts.


LAPIP was able to secure a joint licensing and production contract with Poland. Within the same year, Indonesia was producing the [[PZL-104 Wilga]] or locally named ''Gelatik''. 44 were produced for agriculture, transport, and aero club purposes.
LAPIP was able to secure a joint licensing and production contract with the [[Polish People's Republic]] (through the latter's foreign trade monopoly, the Complete Industrial Facilities Export Centre (CEKOP)). Within the same year, Indonesia was producing the [[PZL-104 Wilga]], locally named the {{lang|id|Gelatik}}. 44 were manufactured for agriculture, transport, and aero club purposes.


In 1965, Aircraft Industry Project Implementation Command (''Komando Pelaksana Proyek Industri Pesawat Terbang'' (KOPELAPIP)) and Independent Aircraft Industry National Company (''PN. Industri Pesawat Terbang Berdikari'') were formed to expand and formulate specific uses of the young aviation industry.
In 1965, the ''Aircraft Industry Project Implementation Command'' ({{lang|id|Komando Pelaksana Proyek Industri Pesawat Terbang}}; {{lang|id|KOPELAPIP}}) and the Independent Aircraft Industry National Company ({{lang|id|PN. Industri Pesawat Terbang Berdikari}}) were formed to expand and formulate specific uses of the young aviation industry.


Within the same timeline, Aviation Studies were promoted in the country's top universities. One of the first schools was founded within the machine department of the engineering faculty of Institut Teknologi Bandung [[Institut Teknologi Bandung|ITB]] by [[Oetarjo Diran]] and [[Liem Keng Kie]].
Within the same timeline, Aviation Studies were promoted in the country's top universities. One of the first schools was founded within the machine department of the engineering faculty of the [[Bandung Institute of Technology]] by Oetarjo Diran and Liem Keng Kie.


In September 1974, [[Pertamina]]'s Advanced Technology Division signed a license contract with [[Messerschmitt|MBB]] and [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]] for producing [[Bölkow Bo 105]] and [[CASA C.212 Aviocar]].
In September 1974, [[Pertamina]]'s Advanced Technology Division signed a license contract with [[Messerschmitt|MBB]] and [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]] for producing [[Bölkow Bo 105]] and [[CASA C.212 Aviocar]].


=== Nurtanio Aircraft Industry ===
=== Nurtanio Aircraft Industry ===
On 26 April 1976, mandated by Government Act No. 15, in [[Jakarta]], PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was officially established with [[Jusuf Habibie|Dr. BJ. Habibie]] as the President and CEO. The infrastructure was completed and inaugurated on 23 August 1976 by President [[Suharto]]. The new body was a merger between Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution (''Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio''/LIPNUR) and [[Pertamina]]'s Advanced Technology Division.
On 26 April 1976, mandated by Government Act No. 15, in [[Jakarta]], PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was officially established with [[Jusuf Habibie|BJ. Habibie]] as the President and CEO. The infrastructure was completed and inaugurated on 23 August 1976 by President [[Suharto]]. The new body was a merger between Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution ({{lang|id|Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio/LIPNUR}}) and [[Pertamina]]'s Advanced Technology Division.


The name [[Nurtanio]] is a tribute to [[Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo]], one of the first aviation pioneers in Indonesia, who designed the [[LIPNUR Sikumbang|Sikumbang]], an indigenous all metal aircraft (maiden flight: 1 August 1954). As a result of his death caused by a flight training accident on 1 March 1966, the ''Aviation Industry Preparation Agency'' was then renamed ''Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution LLC'' ({{lang-id|Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (Abbreviated as LIPNUR)}}).
The name 'Nurtanio' is a tribute to Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo, one of the first aviation pioneers in Indonesia, who designed the [[LIPNUR Sikumbang|Sikumbang]], an indigenous all metal aircraft (maiden flight: 1 August 1954). As a result of his death caused by a flight training accident on 1 March 1966, the ''Aviation Industry Preparation Agency'' was then renamed ''Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution LLC'' ({{lang-id|Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (Abbreviated as LIPNUR)}}).


Initially, IPTN manufactured the [[Bölkow Bo 105|NBO 105]] (MBB Bo 105), under license by [[Messerschmitt|MBB]] – followed by the [[CASA C.212 Aviocar|NC 212]] (CASA C-212 Aviocar), under license by [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]].
Initially, IPTN manufactured the [[NBO 105]] ([[MBB Bo 105]]) under license from [[Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm|MBB]], followed by the NC 212 ([[CASA C-212 Aviocar]]), under license by [[CASA (aircraft manufacturer)|CASA]].


=== Nusantara Aircraft Industry ===
=== Nusantara Aircraft Industry ===
On 11 October 1985, the name PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was changed to the PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara or IPTN. [[Nusantara]] signifies the Indonesian 17,000 island [[archipelago]].
On 11 October 1985, the name {{lang|id|PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio}} was changed to the {{lang|id|PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara}} or IPTN. [[Nusantara (archipelago)|Nusantara]] signifies the Indonesian 17,000 island [[archipelago]].


The exclusion of "Nurtanio" from IPTN was due to some highly questionable accusations. One of the allegations was a personal use of company's letterhead by Nurtanio's family to appropriate some IPTN stocks. None was proven true.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}
The exclusion of "Nurtanio" from IPTN was due to some highly questionable accusations. One of the allegations was a personal use of company's letterhead by Nurtanio's family to appropriate some IPTN stocks. None was proven true.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}
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* Aircraft
* Aircraft
* Aircraft Services
* Aircraft Services
* [[Aerostructure]]
* Aerostructure
* Defence
* Defense
* Engineering Services
* Engineering Services


The restructuring focused on new business goals, downsizing and adaptation of man-power according to available workloads, and a pinpoint market targeting along with a concentrated business mission.{{Clarify|date=September 2010}}
The restructuring focused on new business goals, downsizing and adaptation of man-power according to available workloads, and a pinpoint market targeting along with a concentrated business mission.{{Clarify|date=September 2010}}


The IPTN was re-introduced as PT. Dirgantara Indonesia (abbreviated DI) or Indonesian Aerospace (abbreviated IAe). IAe was officially inaugurated by the President of [[Indonesia]], [[Abdurrahman Wahid]], in [[Bandung]] on 24 August 2000.
The IPTN was re-introduced as PT Dirgantara Indonesia (abbreviated DI) or Indonesian Aerospace (abbreviated IAe). IAe was officially inaugurated by the President of [[Indonesia]], [[Abdurrahman Wahid]], in [[Bandung]] on 24 August 2000.


In 4 July 2011 Indonesia's government said it will inject Rp.2&nbsp;trillion ($234&nbsp;million) to Indonesian Aerospace to keep the debt-ridden firm afloat with a view to making a joint venture with [[EADS]]. Before injection the unpaid debt to government was Rp.1.1&nbsp;trillion ($129&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/state-planemaker-dirgantara-indonesia-thrown-rp-2-trillion-lifeline/450766|title=State Planemaker Dirgantara Indonesia Thrown Rp 2&nbsp;trillion Lifeline|work=The Jakarta Globe|accessdate=29 July 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927093159/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/state-planemaker-dirgantara-indonesia-thrown-rp-2-trillion-lifeline/450766|archivedate=27 September 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
On 4 July 2011, Indonesia's government said it will inject Rp.2&nbsp;trillion ($234&nbsp;million) to Indonesian Aerospace to keep the debt-ridden firm afloat with a view to making a joint venture with [[EADS]]. Before injection, the amount of unpaid debt to the government was Rp.1.1&nbsp;trillion ($129&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/state-planemaker-dirgantara-indonesia-thrown-rp-2-trillion-lifeline/450766|title=State Planemaker Dirgantara Indonesia Thrown Rp 2&nbsp;trillion Lifeline|work=The Jakarta Globe|access-date=29 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927093159/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/state-planemaker-dirgantara-indonesia-thrown-rp-2-trillion-lifeline/450766|archive-date=27 September 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


== IAe Services ==
== Services ==
* Engineering work packages; design, development, testing
* Engineering work packages; design, development, testing
* Manufacturing subcontracts
* Manufacturing subcontracts
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* Engine Maintenance and Overhaul (MRO)
* Engine Maintenance and Overhaul (MRO)


== IAe facilities ==
== Facilities ==
Indonesian Aerospace covers an area of 86.98 [[Hectare|ha]]. The backbone of the production is sustained by 232 high tech operations. Apart from these, there are other minor high-tech facilities spread over various assembly lines, laboratories, and service & maintenance units. They are located mainly in [[Bandung]].
Indonesian Aerospace covers an area of 86.98 [[Hectare|ha]]. The backbone of the production is sustained by 232 high tech operations. Apart from these, there are other minor high-tech facilities spread over various assembly lines, laboratories, and service & maintenance units. They are located mainly in [[Bandung]].


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==== AURI ====
==== AURI ====
(''Angkatan Udara Republik Indonesia, Depot Penjelidikan, Pertjobaan dan Pembuatan'' – Indonesian Air force research, development, and production depot)
({{lang|id|Angkatan Udara Republik Indonesia, Depot Penjelidikan, Pertjobaan dan Pembuatan}} – Indonesian Air Force Research, Development, and Production Depot)
* [[NU-200 Sikumbang]]
* [[NU-200 Sikumbang]]
* [[NU-225 Sikumbang]] (X-09)
* [[NU-225 Sikumbang]] (X-09)
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* [[Belalang 85]] (X-03) – converted [[Piper J-3 Cub]]
* [[Belalang 85]] (X-03) – converted [[Piper J-3 Cub]]
* [[Belalang 90]] – converted [[Piper J-3 Cub]]
* [[Belalang 90]] – converted [[Piper J-3 Cub]]
* [[Kunang 25]] (X-04)
* [[LIPNUR Kunang|Kunang 25]] (X-04)
* [[LIPNUR Super Kunang|Super Kunang 35]] (X-05 and X-07)
* [[LIPNUR Super Kunang|Super Kunang 35]] (X-05 and X-07)
* [[Kindjeng 150]] (X-06)
* [[Kindjeng 150]] (X-06)
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====LIPNUR====
====LIPNUR====
(''Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio'' – Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution)
(''Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio'' – Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution)
* [[Pazmany PL-2|LIPNUR LT-200 Angkatang]] ([[Pazmany PL-1|Pazmany PL-2]])
* [[PZL-104 Wilga|LIPNUR Gelatik]] (License-built [[PZL-104 Wilga]])
* [[Pazmany PL-2|LIPNUR LT-200 Angkatang]] (License-built [[Pazmany PL-2]])
* [[LIPNUR Belalang]]
* [[LIPNUR Belalang]]
* [[LIPNUR Kindjeng]]
* [[LIPNUR Kindjeng]]
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* [[LIPNUR Kunang]]
* [[LIPNUR Kunang]]
* [[LIPNUR Kunang-kunang]]
* [[LIPNUR Kunang-kunang]]
* [[LIPNUR Manyang]]
* LIPNUR Manyang
* [[LIPNUR Sikumbang]]
* [[LIPNUR Sikumbang]]
* [[LIPNUR Super Kunang|LIPNUR Super Kunang I]]
* [[LIPNUR Super Kunang|LIPNUR Super Kunang I]]
* [[LIPNUR Super Kunang|LIPNUR Super Kunang II]]
* [[LIPNUR Super Kunang|LIPNUR Super Kunang II]]

==== Nurtanio ====
* CASA-Nurtanio [[CN-235]]


==== IAe Aircraft production ====
==== IAe Aircraft production ====
* [[CASA/IPTN CN-235]] Civil, Military, and Maritime Version (Joint Development with [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2013/03/cn-235-tni-versi-winglet.html |title=CN-235 TNI versi Winglet |date=10 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2013/04/cn-235-persuader-maritime-patrol.html |title=CN-235 Persuader Maritime Patrol Aircraft |date=13 April 2013}}</ref>
* [[CASA/IPTN CN-235]] civil, military, and maritime version (Joint development with [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]] under ''Aircraft Technology (Airtech)'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/aircraft/detail/1_cn235+family|title=CN235 Family|website=indonesian-aerospace.com|access-date=7 March 2021}}</ref>
* [[EADS CASA C-295|Indonesian Aerospace CN-295]] (Variant of C-295 made by Indonesian Aerospace).<ref>{{Cite web|title=PT. Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero)|url=https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/aircraft/detail/16_cn295|access-date=2020-09-22|website=www.indonesian-aerospace.com}}</ref>
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-219]] First wind tunnel testing in March 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2012/12/menristek-indonesia-akan-produksi.html|title=DEFENSE STUDIES|author=NurW|publisher=|accessdate=29 July 2015}}</ref> First flight in August 2017 and delivery from 2018.
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-219]] is a 19-seat commercial [[turboprop]] aircraft. First flew in August 2017, it was certified by [[Directorate General of Civil Aviation (Indonesia)|Indonesian Directorate General of Civil Aviation]] in December 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/aerospace/indonesia-certifies-n219-regional-turboprop/141763.article|title=Indonesia certifies N219 regional turboprop|website=flightglobal.com|date=28 December 2020|access-date=7 March 2021}}</ref> IAe (PT DI) has received 257 orders of N-219 from abroad and domestic.<ref>Jennifer Meszaros - ainonline.com [https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2019-03-29/indonesias-n219-track-2019-certification " Indonesia's N219 On Track for 2019 Certification "] ''[[ainonline]]'', March 29, 2019.</ref><ref>Laila Afifa - tempo.co [https://en.tempo.co/read/1239714/pt-dirgantara-indonesia-to-produce-first-n219-aircraft-in-2020 " PT Dirgantara Indonesia to Produce First N219 Aircraft in 2020 "] ''[[tempo.co]]'', 24 August 2019.</ref>
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-250]] A prototype commercial [[turboprop]] aircraft, discontinued due [[1997 Asian financial crisis]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2013/02/pt-di-lanjutkan-pengembangan-pesawat.html |title=PT DI Lanjutkan Pengembangan Pesawat N250 Besutan BJ Habibie |date=5 February 2013}}</ref>
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-245]] is a planned 50-seat commercial [[turboprop]] aircraft. In mid 2018, IAe (PT DI) completed wind tunnel testing and finalized the design.<ref>Ilyas Istianur Praditya - liputan6.com [https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3686373/apa-kabar-proyek-pesawat-n245-pt-di " Apa Kabar Proyek Pesawat N245 PT DI? "] ''[[liputan6.com]]'', 07 Nov 2018.</ref><ref>Humas PTDI - indonesian-aerospace.com [https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/press/detail/123_ptdi+tandatangani+nkb+dengan+tim+pina+bappenas+terkait+fasilitasi+pembiayaan+investasi+non-anggaran+pemerintah " PTDI Tandatangani NKB dengan Tim PINA Bappenas Terkait Fasilitasi Pembiayaan Investasi Non-Anggaran Pemerintah "] ''[[indonesian-aerospace.com]]'', Jakarta, 07 November 2018 – Humas PTDI.</ref><ref>Reni Susanti - kompas.com [https://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2018/11/07/190800926/kembangkan-n219-dan-n245-pt-di-dapat-kucuran-400-juta-dollar-as " Kembangkan N219 dan N245, PT DI Dapat Kucuran 400 Juta Dollar AS "] ''[[kompas.com]]'', 07 November 2018.</ref>
⚫
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-2130]] Planned commercial jet aircraft, discontinued due [[1997 Asian financial crisis]] before making prototype.
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-250]] is a 50-seat commercial [[turboprop]] aircraft. 2 prototypes have been built, but the program was discontinued due to the [[1997 Asian financial crisis]] that forced a stop of the development. This program was planned to be restarted in 2018 by development of the N-245 or R-80 aircraft program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mediaindonesia.com/read/2012/08/11/340047/21/2/Perjanjian-Proyek-Pesawat-N250-Sudah-Ditandatangani|title=Perjanjian Proyek Pesawat N250 Sudah Ditandatangani|website=mediaindonesia.com|date=11 August 2012|access-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105033257/http://www.mediaindonesia.com/read/2012/08/11/340047/21/2/Perjanjian-Proyek-Pesawat-N250-Sudah-Ditandatangani|archive-date=5 January 2013|language=id|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://jakartaglobe.id/business/indonesian-manufacturer-rai-build-r80-prototype-help-leonardo-laer/|title=Indonesian Manufacturer RAI to Build R80 Prototype With Help From Leonardo, LAER|website=jakartaglobe.id|date=23 February 2018|access-date=7 March 2021}}</ref>
⚫
* [[Indonesian Aerospace N-2130]] is a planned commercial jet aircraft, discontinued due to the [[1997 Asian financial crisis]] before making any prototype.
*[[Indonesian Aerospace Elang Hitam]] is a [[medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle]] currently being developed.


;Joint-production aircraft
;Joint Development & production aircraft
* [[KAI KF-X]], 20 percent IAe and 80 percent KAI shares, a [[multirole fighter]], more advanced than [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16 E/F]] but still below [[F-35 Lightning II|F-35]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/73621/ri-sending-kfx-jet-fighter-production-team-to-south-korea|title=RI sending KFX jet-fighter production team to South Korea|publisher=|accessdate=29 July 2015}}</ref>
* [[KAI KF-X]], Joint Development South Korea & Indonesia Government, with development cost sharing consisted of 20 percent Indonesian Government and 80 percent South Korea. KAI and IAe (PTDI) are appointed as System Integrator. [[KAI KF-X]] is a [[multirole fighter]], more advanced than [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16 E/F]] but still below [[F-35 Lightning II|F-35]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/73621/ri-sending-kfx-jet-fighter-production-team-to-south-korea|title=RI sending KFX jet-fighter production team to South Korea|access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref> Currently in prototype development phase.<ref>Jon Grevatt, Bangkok - Jane's Defence Industry [https://www.janes.com/article/86534/kai-reaches-early-production-milestone-on-kfx " KAI reaches early production milestone on KFX "] ''[[Jane's 360]]'', 18 February 2019.</ref><ref name="defensenews10feb14">[https://archive.today/20140215170713/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20140210/DEFREG/302100034/S-Korea-Weighs-Designs-KF-X S. Korea Weighs Designs for KF-X] - Defensenews.com, 10 February 2014</ref>


;Licence-built aircraft
;License-built aircraft
* [[Aérospatiale Puma|NAS 330J]], a licensed produced [[Aérospatiale Puma]] [[helicopter]], first made in 1981.<ref name="ETTPR">The Emerging Technological Trajectory of the Pacific Rim by Denis Fred Simon, page 193.</ref>
* [[Aérospatiale Puma|NAS 330J]], a licensed built [[Aérospatiale Puma]] [[helicopter]], first made in 1981.<ref name="ETTPR">The Emerging Technological Trajectory of the Pacific Rim by Denis Fred Simon, page 193.</ref>
* [[Eurocopter Super Puma|NAS 332]], a licensed produced [[Eurocopter Super Puma]] [[helicopter]], first made in 1983.<ref name="ETTPR"/>
* [[Eurocopter Super Puma|NAS 332]], a licensed built [[Eurocopter Super Puma]] [[helicopter]], first made in 1983.<ref name="ETTPR"/>
* [[Eurocopter EC725]], 6 [[helicopter]]s for [[Indonesian Air Force]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/81256/ptdi-to-supply-six-ec725-choppers-to-air-force |title=PTDI to supply six ec725 choppers to air force |date=10 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-/november-2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-/926-eurocopter-receives-first-main-fuselage-assembly-from-indonesian-aerospace-for-ec725-a-ec225.html |title=Eurocopter receives first main fuselage assembly from Indonesian Aerospace for EC725 & EC225 |date=27 November 2013}}</ref>
* [[Eurocopter EC725]], 6 [[helicopter]]s for [[Indonesian Air Force]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/81256/ptdi-to-supply-six-ec725-choppers-to-air-force |title=PTDI to supply six ec725 choppers to air force |date=10 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-/november-2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-/926-eurocopter-receives-first-main-fuselage-assembly-from-indonesian-aerospace-for-ec725-a-ec225.html |title=Eurocopter receives first main fuselage assembly from Indonesian Aerospace for EC725 & EC225 |date=27 November 2013}}</ref>
* [[Bell 412|NB 412]], a licensed produced [[Bell 412]] [[helicopter]] made since 1984.<ref>https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/rotorhub/pt-dirgantara-and-bell-helicopter-textro/</ref><ref>https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/iptn-suspended-from-bell-412-production-20728/</ref>
* [[Bell 412|NB 412]], a licensed built [[Bell 412]] [[helicopter]] made since 1984.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/rotorhub/pt-dirgantara-and-bell-helicopter-textro/|title = Defence Helicopter - Shephard Media}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/iptn-suspended-from-bell-412-production-20728/|title = IPTN suspended from Bell 412 production}}</ref>
* [[Bölkow Bo 105|NBO 105]], a licensed produced [[Bölkow Bo 105]] [[helicopter]], discontinued in July 2011 after 123 units production since 1976.
* [[Bölkow Bo 105|NBO 105]], a licensed built [[Bölkow Bo 105]] [[helicopter]], discontinued in July 2011 after 123 units production since 1976.
* [[MBB/Kawasaki BK 117|NBK 117]], a licensed produced [[MBB/Kawasaki BK 117]], first produced in 1981.<ref name="ETTPR"/>
* [[MBB/Kawasaki BK 117|NBK 117]], a licensed built [[MBB/Kawasaki BK 117]], first produced in 1981.<ref name="ETTPR"/>
* [[Eurocopter Fennec]] as replacement of NBO 105 production line.<ref name="blogspot1">{{cite web|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2011/07/dirgantara-indonesia-bakal-produksi-dua.html|title=DEFENSE STUDIES|author=NurW|publisher=|accessdate=29 July 2015}}</ref>
* [[Eurocopter Fennec]] as replacement of NBO 105 production line.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}
* [[Eurocopter Ecureuil]] as replacement of NBO 105 production line.<ref name="blogspot1"/>
* [[Eurocopter Ecureuil]] as replacement of NBO 105 production line.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}
* [[CASA C-212 Aviocar|NC-212]], a licensed built [[CASA C-212 Aviocar]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/aircraft/detail/12_nc212%20family|title=NC212 Family|website=indonesian-aerospace.com|access-date=7 March 2021}}</ref>
* [[CASA C.212 Aviocar|NC 212]], a licensed produced [[CASA C.212 Aviocar]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2012/11/pt-di-airbus-military-tandatangani.html|title=Garuda Militer|author=Garuda Militer|publisher=|accessdate=29 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2012/11/airbus-military-and-pt-dirgantara.html|title=DEFENSE STUDIES|author=NurW|publisher=|accessdate=29 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2013/02/airbus-military-transfers-c212.html|title=Garuda Militer|author=Garuda Militer|publisher=|accessdate=29 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://indo-defense.blogspot.com/2013/03/joint-production-nc-212i-ptdi-dan-airbus.html |title=Joint Production NC-212i PT.DI Dan Airbus |date=27 March 2013}}</ref>

=== IAe Subcontracts for aircraft components ===
* Component of [[Airbus A330]].
* Component of [[Airbus A340]].
* Wing Component of [[Airbus A380]].
* Component of [[Boeing 737]].
* Component of [[Boeing 757]].
* Component of [[Boeing 767]].
* Component of [[F-16 Fighting Falcon]].
* Component of [[Fokker 100]].


=== IAe Armaments ===
=== IAe Armaments ===
* [[Mk 4/Mk 40 Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]] 2.75&nbsp;inch rocket under [[Belgium]]'s license.
* [[Mk 4/Mk 40 Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]] 2.75&nbsp;inch rocket under [[Belgium]]'s license.
* [[SUT torpedo]].
* [[SUT torpedo]].
* NDL-40 Ground-to-Ground Rocket Multi Launcher.
*[[NDL-40]] Ground-to-Ground Rocket Multi Launcher.
*[[R-Han 122]] rocket munition.
*[[RN01-SS]]


==Development products==
==Development projects==
Indonesian Aerospace has planned to build N-245 to carry 50 passengers for about 400 kilometres distance in remote areas or where passenger demand is low. The N-245 is only modification development of CN-235 body shape with CN-235 and [[EADS CASA C-295]] wing designs, but the tail will be a new design. The development cost of N-245 until its [[prototype]] is about $150&nbsp;million with its [[break even point]] of N-245 is only 50–70 aircraft, while if built from beginning it will cost $1.5–2.0&nbsp;billion. The competitors are [[ATR 42]] and [[Bombardier Dash 8]] Q300.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://palembang.tribunnews.com/2015/04/13/pt-di-bakal-bikin-pesawat-komersial-untuk-rute-jarak-pendek |title=PT DI Bakal Bikin Pesawat Komersial untuk Rute Jarak Pendek |author=Soegeng Haryadi |date=13 April 2015}}</ref>
Indonesian Aerospace has plans to construct the [[Indonesian Aerospace N-245|N-245]], designed to carry 50 passengers for about 400 kilometres in remote areas or where passenger demand is low. The design is based primarily on that of the [[CASA/IPTN CN-235|CN-235]], with body shape and tail modifications. The development cost of the aircraft has thus far reached $150&nbsp;million, with an expected [[break even point]] of 50–70 aircraft sales. The aircraft is meant as a market competitor to the [[ATR 42]] and [[Bombardier Dash 8|Bombardier Dash 8 Q300.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://palembang.tribunnews.com/2015/04/13/pt-di-bakal-bikin-pesawat-komersial-untuk-rute-jarak-pendek |title=PT DI Bakal Bikin Pesawat Komersial untuk Rute Jarak Pendek |author=Soegeng Haryadi |date=13 April 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Aviation in Indonesia]]
* [[Science and technology in Indonesia]]
* [[Philippine Aerospace Development Corporation]]
* [[Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation]]


==References==
==References==
Line 155: Line 157:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.indonesian-aerospace.com}}
* {{Official website|https://www.indonesian-aerospace.com}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20001119015200/http://www.dprin.go.id/links/pt_iptn/inbrief.htm IPTN Profile from Industry Department]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20001119015200/http://www.dprin.go.id/links/pt_iptn/inbrief.htm IPTN Profile from Industry Department]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060207235347/http://www.angkasa-online.com/10/11/english/english4.htm Nurtanio reminiscences]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060207235347/http://www.angkasa-online.com/10/11/english/english4.htm Nurtanio reminiscences]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060317163722/http://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/book/a.htm History of Indonesian Aviation]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060317163722/http://www.indonesian-aerospace.com/book/a.htm History of Indonesian Aviation]


{{Commonscat|Dirgantara Indonesia}}
{{Commons category|Dirgantara Indonesia}}
{{Indonesian Aerospace aircraft}}
{{Indonesian Aerospace aircraft}}


{{authority control}}
⚫
[[Category:Defence companies of Indonesia]]

[[Category:Defend ID]]
[[Category:Aircraft manufacturers of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Aircraft manufacturers of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Aviation in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Aviation in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Companies based in Bandung]]
[[Category:Companies based in Bandung]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Indonesian brands]]
[[Category:Indonesian brands]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Indonesian companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:Aerospace companies of Asia]]
[[Category:Aerospace companies of Asia]]
[[Category:Aircraft manufacturers of Asia]]
[[Category:Aircraft manufacturers of Asia]]
⚫
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:Helicopter manufacturers]]

Latest revision as of 01:22, 3 April 2024

Indonesian Aerospace (IAe)
Native name
PT Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero)
Company typeState-owned company
IndustryAerospace and Defense
Founded23 August 1976 (as Nurtanio Aircraft Industry (Indonesian: Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio)
HeadquartersBandung, West Java, Indonesia
Area served
Worldwide
ProductsCommercial Airliners
Military aircraft
Aircraft Component
Aircraft Services
Defense
Engineering
Number of employees
3,689 (2021)
ParentPT Len Industri
Websiteindonesian-aerospace.com

Indonesian Aerospace (IAe) (Indonesian: PT Dirgantara Indonesia), is an Indonesian aerospace company involved in aircraft design and the development and manufacture of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft, and a subsidiary of state-owned electronics manufacturer Len Industri [id]. The company was formerly known as PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (Persero) (IPTN; lit. 'Nusantara Aircraft Industry (State-owned) Limited').[1][2] It was expanded from a research and industrial facility under the auspices of the Indonesian Air Force, namely Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (LIPNUR) or Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institute.[3]

Established in 1976 as a state owned company, it has developed its capability as an aircraft manufacturer and diversified into other areas, such as telecommunication, automotive, maritime, information technology, oil & gas, control & automation, military, simulation technology, industrial turbine, and engineering services.

History[edit]

Pioneering[edit]

Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo

Though aircraft production in Indonesia existed before independence in 1945, the National Aviation Industry was pioneered in 1946 at Yogyakarta by the formation of Planning and Construction Bureau (Indonesian: Biro Rencana dan Konstruksi) within the Indonesian Air Force. Wiweko Soepono, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, and J. Sumarsono, opened a simple workshop at Magetan, near Madiun. With basic materials, gliders were designed and built – Zogling, NWG-1 (Nurtanio Wiweko Glider) among others.

In 1948, a motorised aircraft, WEL-X was built by Wiweko Soepono using a Harley Davidson engine. The small craft was registered as RI-X. This era marked the rise of several aeromodelling clubs.

The war for independence, however, halted all progress until 1953. In that year, The Experimental Section (Indonesian: Seksi Percobaan) was organised. Consisting of only 15 personnel, led by Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, The team built and tested three prototypes of a single-seat all metal aircraft at Andir Airport (Later renamed Husein Sastranegara International Airport) in Bandung.

On 24 April 1957, The Experimental Section graduated into The Inspection, Trial, and Production Sub-Depot (Indonesian: Sub Depot Penyelidikan, Percobaan dan Pembuatan) based on Decision Letter of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff number 68.

In 1958, a light training aircraft prototype named Belalang 89, or Grasshopper 89, was flown. The design was later produced as Belalang 90. Five Belalang 90 were built and used for military training. Within the same year, a sport plane, "Kunang 25", was also built and flown.

Preparation[edit]

On 1 August 1960, by the order of the Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force (order #488), The Aviation Industry Preparation Agency was to be formed to establish the Indonesian aviation industry as part of national strategies on national industrial production. By 16 December 1961, the new body, known as LAPIP (Lembaga Persiapan Industri Penerbangan), was actively negotiating for technological transfers and contracts.

LAPIP was able to secure a joint licensing and production contract with the Polish People's Republic (through the latter's foreign trade monopoly, the Complete Industrial Facilities Export Centre (CEKOP)). Within the same year, Indonesia was producing the PZL-104 Wilga, locally named the Gelatik. 44 were manufactured for agriculture, transport, and aero club purposes.

In 1965, the Aircraft Industry Project Implementation Command (Komando Pelaksana Proyek Industri Pesawat Terbang; KOPELAPIP) and the Independent Aircraft Industry National Company (PN. Industri Pesawat Terbang Berdikari) were formed to expand and formulate specific uses of the young aviation industry.

Within the same timeline, Aviation Studies were promoted in the country's top universities. One of the first schools was founded within the machine department of the engineering faculty of the Bandung Institute of Technology by Oetarjo Diran and Liem Keng Kie.

In September 1974, Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division signed a license contract with MBB and CASA for producing Bölkow Bo 105 and CASA C.212 Aviocar.

Nurtanio Aircraft Industry[edit]

On 26 April 1976, mandated by Government Act No. 15, in Jakarta, PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was officially established with BJ. Habibie as the President and CEO. The infrastructure was completed and inaugurated on 23 August 1976 by President Suharto. The new body was a merger between Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution (Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio/LIPNUR) and Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division.

The name 'Nurtanio' is a tribute to Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo, one of the first aviation pioneers in Indonesia, who designed the Sikumbang, an indigenous all metal aircraft (maiden flight: 1 August 1954). As a result of his death caused by a flight training accident on 1 March 1966, the Aviation Industry Preparation Agency was then renamed Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution LLC (Indonesian: Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (Abbreviated as LIPNUR)).

Initially, IPTN manufactured the NBO 105 (MBB Bo 105) under license from MBB, followed by the NC 212 (CASA C-212 Aviocar), under license by CASA.

Nusantara Aircraft Industry[edit]

On 11 October 1985, the name PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was changed to the PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara or IPTN. Nusantara signifies the Indonesian 17,000 island archipelago.

The exclusion of "Nurtanio" from IPTN was due to some highly questionable accusations. One of the allegations was a personal use of company's letterhead by Nurtanio's family to appropriate some IPTN stocks. None was proven true.[citation needed]

Dirgantara Indonesia / Indonesian Aerospace[edit]

Following the 1997 Asian financial crisis, a major restructuring program was implemented. At its peak, in 2004, the Indonesian Aerospace reduced its payroll from 9670 to 3720. Furthermore, the 18 business divisions were reorganised into the following:

  • Aircraft
  • Aircraft Services
  • Aerostructure
  • Defense
  • Engineering Services

The restructuring focused on new business goals, downsizing and adaptation of man-power according to available workloads, and a pinpoint market targeting along with a concentrated business mission.[clarification needed]

The IPTN was re-introduced as PT Dirgantara Indonesia (abbreviated DI) or Indonesian Aerospace (abbreviated IAe). IAe was officially inaugurated by the President of Indonesia, Abdurrahman Wahid, in Bandung on 24 August 2000.

On 4 July 2011, Indonesia's government said it will inject Rp.2 trillion ($234 million) to Indonesian Aerospace to keep the debt-ridden firm afloat with a view to making a joint venture with EADS. Before injection, the amount of unpaid debt to the government was Rp.1.1 trillion ($129 million).[4]

Services[edit]

  • Engineering work packages; design, development, testing
  • Manufacturing subcontracts
  • Aircraft Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO)
  • Engine Maintenance and Overhaul (MRO)

Facilities[edit]

Indonesian Aerospace covers an area of 86.98 ha. The backbone of the production is sustained by 232 high tech operations. Apart from these, there are other minor high-tech facilities spread over various assembly lines, laboratories, and service & maintenance units. They are located mainly in Bandung.

Products[edit]

Indonesian Aerospace and its precursors[edit]

(PT Dirgantara Indonesia (DI) – (IAe) Indonesian Aerospace)

AURI[edit]

(Angkatan Udara Republik Indonesia, Depot Penjelidikan, Pertjobaan dan Pembuatan – Indonesian Air Force Research, Development, and Production Depot)

LIPNUR[edit]

(Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio – Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution)

IAe Aircraft production[edit]

Joint Development & production aircraft
  • KAI KF-X, Joint Development South Korea & Indonesia Government, with development cost sharing consisted of 20 percent Indonesian Government and 80 percent South Korea. KAI and IAe (PTDI) are appointed as System Integrator. KAI KF-X is a multirole fighter, more advanced than F-16 E/F but still below F-35.[15] Currently in prototype development phase.[16][17]
License-built aircraft

IAe Armaments[edit]

Development projects[edit]

Indonesian Aerospace has plans to construct the N-245, designed to carry 50 passengers for about 400 kilometres in remote areas or where passenger demand is low. The design is based primarily on that of the CN-235, with body shape and tail modifications. The development cost of the aircraft has thus far reached $150 million, with an expected break even point of 50–70 aircraft sales. The aircraft is meant as a market competitor to the ATR 42 and Bombardier Dash 8 Q300.[24]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "PT Indonesian Aerospace [ PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (IPTN)]".
  2. ^ "Voi.co.id".
  3. ^ "Zend Framework Default Application".
  4. ^ "State Planemaker Dirgantara Indonesia Thrown Rp 2 trillion Lifeline". The Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2015.
  5. ^ "CN235 Family". indonesian-aerospace.com. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  6. ^ "PT. Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero)". www.indonesian-aerospace.com. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  7. ^ "Indonesia certifies N219 regional turboprop". flightglobal.com. 28 December 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  8. ^ Jennifer Meszaros - ainonline.com " Indonesia's N219 On Track for 2019 Certification " ainonline, March 29, 2019.
  9. ^ Laila Afifa - tempo.co " PT Dirgantara Indonesia to Produce First N219 Aircraft in 2020 " tempo.co, 24 August 2019.
  10. ^ Ilyas Istianur Praditya - liputan6.com " Apa Kabar Proyek Pesawat N245 PT DI? " liputan6.com, 07 Nov 2018.
  11. ^ Humas PTDI - indonesian-aerospace.com " PTDI Tandatangani NKB dengan Tim PINA Bappenas Terkait Fasilitasi Pembiayaan Investasi Non-Anggaran Pemerintah " indonesian-aerospace.com, Jakarta, 07 November 2018 – Humas PTDI.
  12. ^ Reni Susanti - kompas.com " Kembangkan N219 dan N245, PT DI Dapat Kucuran 400 Juta Dollar AS " kompas.com, 07 November 2018.
  13. ^ "Perjanjian Proyek Pesawat N250 Sudah Ditandatangani". mediaindonesia.com (in Indonesian). 11 August 2012. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  14. ^ "Indonesian Manufacturer RAI to Build R80 Prototype With Help From Leonardo, LAER". jakartaglobe.id. 23 February 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  15. ^ "RI sending KFX jet-fighter production team to South Korea". Retrieved 29 July 2015.
  16. ^ Jon Grevatt, Bangkok - Jane's Defence Industry " KAI reaches early production milestone on KFX " Jane's 360, 18 February 2019.
  17. ^ S. Korea Weighs Designs for KF-X - Defensenews.com, 10 February 2014
  18. ^ a b c The Emerging Technological Trajectory of the Pacific Rim by Denis Fred Simon, page 193.
  19. ^ "PTDI to supply six ec725 choppers to air force". 10 April 2012.
  20. ^ "Eurocopter receives first main fuselage assembly from Indonesian Aerospace for EC725 & EC225". 27 November 2013.
  21. ^ "Defence Helicopter - Shephard Media".
  22. ^ "IPTN suspended from Bell 412 production".
  23. ^ "NC212 Family". indonesian-aerospace.com. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  24. ^ Soegeng Haryadi (13 April 2015). "PT DI Bakal Bikin Pesawat Komersial untuk Rute Jarak Pendek".

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dirgantara Indonesia.
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