Julian Shchutsky: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Russian sinologist (1897 – 1938)}} |
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{{Infobox scientist |
{{Infobox scientist |
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| name = Julian Shchutsky |
| name = Julian Shchutsky |
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| image = |
| image = |
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| imagesize = |
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| caption = Julian Shchutsky photo |
| caption = Julian Shchutsky photo |
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| birth_name = Julian Shchutsky |
| birth_name = Julian Shchutsky |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1897|8|11}} |
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1897|8|11}} |
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| birth_place = [[Ekaterinburg]], |
| birth_place = [[Ekaterinburg]], [[Russian Empire]] |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1938|2|18|1897|8|11}} |
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1938|2|18|1897|8|11}} |
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| death_place =[[Leningrad]], |
| death_place =[[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]], [[Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]] |
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| nationality = Russian |
| nationality = Russian |
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| field = sinology |
| field = sinology |
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| alma_mater = [[Saint Petersburg University]] |
| alma_mater = [[Saint Petersburg University]] |
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| known_for = |
| known_for = translated the ''[[I Ching]]'' |
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| influenced by = |
| influenced by = |
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| influenced = |
| influenced = |
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'''Julian Konstantinovich Shchutsky''' ({{lang-ru|Юлиан Константинович Шуцкий}}, 11 August 1897, [[Ekaterinburg]] – February 18, 1938, [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]]) was a |
'''Julian Konstantinovich Shchutsky''' ({{lang-ru|Юлиан Константинович Шуцкий}}, 11 August 1897, [[Ekaterinburg]] – February 18, 1938, [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]]) was a Russian [[sinologist]]. |
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==Education and scientific career== |
==Education and scientific career== |
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Shchutsky's father was of noble origin; he was a member of the [[House of Czartoryski]], and worked as a forestry scientist. Shchutsky's mother was a music teacher. |
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forestry scientist. The mother of Julian was a music teacher. |
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⚫ | Shchutsky graduated from [[Saint Petersburg University]] in 1921 and was a research scientist in the Asiatic Museum of the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] from 1920 to 1937. He was given bibliographical responsibility for the [[Taoism]] and [[Chinese alchemy]] portions of the museum's new acquisitions. This led directly to his translation of the ''[[Baopuzi]]'', which was completed in 1922. He also completed extensive translations from late [[Tang dynasty]] poetry, a field in which [[Vasily Mikhaylovich Alekseyev]] had worked; some of the translations were published under Alekseyev's editorship in 1923. Julian Shchutsky's Asian linguistic accomplishments also included Manchu. Shchutsky and Alekseyev were among those who took on the special problem of the Chinese script as it presented itself in a Russian context, and were involved with the question of romanizing Chinese. A special qualifying commission in 1924 made it possible for Shchutsky to become an assistant professor in 1924, teaching at the university and also, from that year, in the Institute of Modern Oriental Languages, where he introduced Cantonese alongside Mandarin Chinese, and gave the first courses in Vietnamese.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.umass.edu/wsp/resources/profiles/shchutskii.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107032234/http://www.umass.edu/wsp/resources/profiles/shchutskii.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2016-01-07 |title=Sinological Profiles (Internet Archive copy)}}</ref> He became a professor in 1935. |
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Julian Shchutsky was the first translator of "[[I Ching|The I Ching or Book of Changes]]”. He made the first translation of this classic Chinese book which later was translated into English and other European languages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://psylib.org.ua/books/shchu01/index.htm|script-title=ru:КИТАЙСКАЯ КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ "КНИГА ПЕРЕМЕН"|language=ru}}</ref> |
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Julian Shchutsky was a prominent polyglot, he translated from more than 16 languages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://psylib.org.ua/books/shchu01/index.htm|script-title=ru:КИТАЙСКАЯ КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ "КНИГА ПЕРЕМЕН"|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://psylib.org.ua/books/shchu01/txt03.htm |
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Alongside this work, he was a research scientist at the [[State Hermitage Museum]] in 1936–1937, and Professor of the Leningrad Institute of Oriental Studies, Professor of the Leningrad State University in 1936–1937. From 1936 to 1937, he gave a lecture course titled "Taology" to various student groups at the Saint Petersburg University. He published more than 30 scientific research papers and books.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/index.php?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=164 |title=J.K.Shchutsky biography|language=ru}}</ref> He also translated the ''[[I Ching]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://psylib.org.ua/books/shchu01/index.htm|script-title=ru:КИТАЙСКАЯ КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ "КНИГА ПЕРЕМЕН"|language=ru}}</ref> Shchutsky was a polyglot, and translated from more than 16 languages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://psylib.org.ua/books/shchu01/index.htm|script-title=ru:КИТАЙСКАЯ КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ "КНИГА ПЕРЕМЕН"|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://psylib.org.ua/books/shchu01/txt03.htm |
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|script-title=ru:КРАТКАЯ БИОГРАФИЯ Ю.К.ЩУЦКОГО |
|script-title=ru:КРАТКАЯ БИОГРАФИЯ Ю.К.ЩУЦКОГО |
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|language=ru}}</ref> |
|language=ru}}</ref> |
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Shchutsky was arrested in February 1938, during the [[Great Purge]]. He was convicted by a [[Purge Trials|list trial]] ("по списку") as a "Japanese spy" and executed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/index.php?option=com_publications&Itemid=75&pub=689|script-title=ru:Семь ярких вспышек|language=ru}}</ref> |
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⚫ | |||
From 1936 to 1937 he gave lecture course titled "Taology" to various student groups at the [[Saint Petersburg University]]. |
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During the [[Great Purge]], in February 1938 Shchutsky was arrested. He was convicted by a [[Purge Trials|list trial]] ("по списку") as a "Japanese spy" and executed.* <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/index.php?option=com_publications&Itemid=75&pub=689|script-title=ru:Семь ярких вспышек|language=ru}}</ref> |
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==Influence== |
==Influence== |
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Shchutsky was influenced by his teachers, the sinologists [[Nikolai Iosifovich Konrad]] and Vasiliy Mikhaylovich Alekseyev. In 1923 he and Alekseyev published "The Anthology of the Chinese Classical poetry of VII-IX centuries". |
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Shchutsky was close friends with the poet [[Cherubina de Gabriak]]; she influenced his ideology. Shortly before her death, he visited her in Tashkent, where she, influenced by him, wrote 21 poems attributed to Li Xiang Zi, a fictional Chinese poet exiled for his "belief in immortality of human spirit".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://libcom.org/history/anarchist-underground-leningrad|title=The anarchist underground in Leningrad}}</ref> |
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==Books== |
==Books== |
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* Shchutski, Julian. The I Ching, Book of Changes. Leningrad, 1937 |
* Shchutski, Julian. ''The I Ching, Book of Changes''. Leningrad, 1937 |
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* Shchutski, Julian. Researches on the I Ching. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979. Translated from the Russian by William MacDonald and Tsuyoshi Hasegawa |
* Shchutski, Julian. ''Researches on the I Ching''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979. Translated from the Russian by William MacDonald and Tsuyoshi Hasegawa |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist |
{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category:Russian sinologists]] |
[[Category:Russian sinologists]] |
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[[Category:Saint Petersburg State University alumni]] |
[[Category:Saint Petersburg State University alumni]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Academics from Saint Petersburg]] |
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[[Category:Great Purge victims from Russia]] |
[[Category:Great Purge victims from Russia]] |
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[[Category:NKVD]] |
[[Category:NKVD]] |
Latest revision as of 08:12, 12 June 2023
Julian Shchutsky | |
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Born | Julian Shchutsky August 11, 1897 |
Died | February 18, 1938 | (aged 40)
Nationality | Russian |
Alma mater | Saint Petersburg University |
Known for | translated the I Ching |
Scientific career | |
Fields | sinology |
Julian Konstantinovich Shchutsky (Russian: Юлиан Константинович Шуцкий, 11 August 1897, Ekaterinburg – February 18, 1938, Leningrad) was a Russian sinologist.
Education and scientific career[edit]
Shchutsky's father was of noble origin; he was a member of the House of Czartoryski, and worked as a forestry scientist. Shchutsky's mother was a music teacher.
Shchutsky graduated from Saint Petersburg University in 1921 and was a research scientist in the Asiatic Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1920 to 1937. He was given bibliographical responsibility for the Taoism and Chinese alchemy portions of the museum's new acquisitions. This led directly to his translation of the Baopuzi, which was completed in 1922. He also completed extensive translations from late Tang dynasty poetry, a field in which Vasily Mikhaylovich Alekseyev had worked; some of the translations were published under Alekseyev's editorship in 1923. Julian Shchutsky's Asian linguistic accomplishments also included Manchu. Shchutsky and Alekseyev were among those who took on the special problem of the Chinese script as it presented itself in a Russian context, and were involved with the question of romanizing Chinese. A special qualifying commission in 1924 made it possible for Shchutsky to become an assistant professor in 1924, teaching at the university and also, from that year, in the Institute of Modern Oriental Languages, where he introduced Cantonese alongside Mandarin Chinese, and gave the first courses in Vietnamese.[1] He became a professor in 1935.
Alongside this work, he was a research scientist at the State Hermitage Museum in 1936–1937, and Professor of the Leningrad Institute of Oriental Studies, Professor of the Leningrad State University in 1936–1937. From 1936 to 1937, he gave a lecture course titled "Taology" to various student groups at the Saint Petersburg University. He published more than 30 scientific research papers and books.[2] He also translated the I Ching.[3] Shchutsky was a polyglot, and translated from more than 16 languages.[4][5]
Shchutsky was arrested in February 1938, during the Great Purge. He was convicted by a list trial ("по списку") as a "Japanese spy" and executed.[6]
Influence[edit]
Shchutsky was influenced by his teachers, the sinologists Nikolai Iosifovich Konrad and Vasiliy Mikhaylovich Alekseyev. In 1923 he and Alekseyev published "The Anthology of the Chinese Classical poetry of VII-IX centuries". Shchutsky was close friends with the poet Cherubina de Gabriak; she influenced his ideology. Shortly before her death, he visited her in Tashkent, where she, influenced by him, wrote 21 poems attributed to Li Xiang Zi, a fictional Chinese poet exiled for his "belief in immortality of human spirit".[7]
Books[edit]
- Shchutski, Julian. The I Ching, Book of Changes. Leningrad, 1937
- Shchutski, Julian. Researches on the I Ching. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979. Translated from the Russian by William MacDonald and Tsuyoshi Hasegawa
References[edit]
- ^ "Sinological Profiles (Internet Archive copy)". Archived from the original on 2016-01-07.
- ^ "J.K.Shchutsky biography" (in Russian).
- ^ КИТАЙСКАЯ КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ "КНИГА ПЕРЕМЕН" (in Russian).
- ^ КИТАЙСКАЯ КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ "КНИГА ПЕРЕМЕН" (in Russian).
- ^ КРАТКАЯ БИОГРАФИЯ Ю.К.ЩУЦКОГО (in Russian).
- ^ Семь ярких вспышек (in Russian).
- ^ "The anarchist underground in Leningrad".