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{{Short description|American bishop}}
{{Infobox Person |
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2022}}
name = Jackson Kemper |
{{Infobox Christian leader
image = Jackson Kemper.jpg |
| type = Bishop
caption = |
| honorific_prefix = The Right Reverend
birth_date = {{birth date|1789|12|24|mf=y}} |
| name = Jackson Kemper
birth_place = Pleasant Valley, [[Columbia County, New York]]|
| honorific_suffix = [[Doctor of Divinity|D.D.]], [[Doctor of Laws|LL.D.]]
dead=dead|
| title = [[Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin|Bishop of Wisconsin]]
death_date = {{death date and age|1870|5|24|1789|12|24|mf=y}} |
| image = Jackson Kemper.jpg
death_place = [[Nashotah]], [[Waukesha County, Wisconsin]]
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| church = [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]]
| archdiocese =
| province =
| metropolis =
| diocese = [[Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin|Wisconsin]]
| see =
| elected = 1859
| term = 1859–1870
| quashed = <!-- or | retired = -->
| predecessor =
| successor = [[William Edmond Armitage]]
| opposed =
| other_post =
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| ordination = January 23, 1814
| ordained_by = [[William White (bishop of Pennsylvania)|William White]]
| consecration = September 25, 1835
| consecrated_by = [[William White (bishop of Pennsylvania)|William White]]
| rank =
| laicized =
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1789|12|24|mf=y}}
| birth_place = Pleasant Valley, [[Dutchess County, New York]], [[United States]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1870|5|24|1789|12|24|mf=y}}
| death_place = [[Nashotah, Wisconsin]], [[United States]]
| buried = [[Nashotah House|Nashotah House Cemetery]]
| resting_place_coordinates =
| nationality = [[Americans|American]]
| religion = [[Anglicanism|Anglican]]
| residence =
| parents = Daniel Kemper & Elizabeth Marius
| spouse = Jerusha Lyman <small>''(m. 1816; d. 1818)''</small><br>Ann Relf <small>''(m. 1821; d. 1832)''</small>
| children =
| occupation =
| profession =
| previous_post = Missionary Bishop <small>''(1835-1859)''</small>
| education =
| alma_mater = [[Columbia College of Columbia University|Columbia College]]
| motto =
| signature = Signature of Jackson Kemper (1789–1870).png
| signature_alt =
| coat_of_arms =
| coat_of_arms_alt =
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day = May 24
| venerated = [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]]
| saint_title =
| beatified_date =
| beatified_place =
| beatified_by =
| canonized_date =
| canonized_place =
| canonized_by =
| attributes =
| patronage =
| shrine =
| suppressed_date =
<!---------- Other ---------->
| module =
| module2 =
| other =
}}
}}
'''Jackson Kemper''' (December 24, 1789 &ndash; May 24, 1870) in 1835 became the first [[missionary]] [[bishop]] of the [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America]]. Especially known for his work with Native American peoples, he also founded parishes in what in his youth was considered the [[Northwest Territory]] and later became known as the "Old Northwest" (Indiana, Missouri, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Nebraska), hence one appellation as bishop of the "Whole Northwest".<ref name="May 24">{{Cite web|url=https://liturgyandmusic.wordpress.com/2011/05/24/may-24-jackson-kemper-first-missionary-bishop-in-the-united-states-1870/|title = May 24: Jackson Kemper, First Missionary Bishop in the United States, 1870|date = 24 May 2011}}</ref> Bishop Kemper founded [[Nashotah House]] and [[Racine College]] in Wisconsin, and from 1859 until his death served as the first bishop of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bio/166.html|title = Jackson Kemper, Bishop, Missionary}}</ref>
'''Bishop Jackson Kemper''' ([[December 24]], [[1789]] &ndash; [[May 24]], [[1870]]) was the first [[missionary]] [[bishop]] of the [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America]].


==Early life==
Baptized David Jackson Kemper by Dr. [[Benjamin Moore]], the Assistant Rector of his parents' congregation at [[New York City]]'s [[Trinity Church, New York|Trinity Church]], he would eventually drop the given name "David." He had been born in the [[Hudson River]] Valley of [[New York]], where his parents had taken temporary refuge during a [[smallpox]] outbreak in New York City. He was the son of Col. Daniel Kemper, a former aide-de-camp to Gen. [[George Washington]] at the battles of [[Germantown]] and [[Monmouth]] during the [[American Revolution]], and Elizabeth (Marius) Kemper, who descended from well-known families of the Dutch [[New Amsterdam]] era.
Baptized David Jackson Kemper by Dr. [[Benjamin Moore (bishop)|Benjamin Moore]], the Assistant Rector of his parents' congregation at [[New York City]]'s [[Trinity Church, New York|Trinity Church]], he would eventually drop the given name "David." He had been born in the [[Hudson River]] Valley of [[New York (state)|New York]], where his parents had taken temporary refuge during a [[smallpox]] outbreak in New York City. His father Daniel Kemper had been a Deputy Clothier-General in the Continental Army during the [[American Revolution]]. His mother, Elizabeth (Marius) Kemper, descended from well-known families of the Dutch [[New Amsterdam]] era.


Kemper entered [[Columbia College of Columbia University|Columbia College]] at the age of fifteen, where he studied theology under [[John Henry Hobart|Dr. Henry Hobart]] and graduated in 1809 as the [[valedictorian]] of his class.
He entered [[Columbia College of Columbia University|Columbia College]] at the age of fifteen, where he studied theology under [[John Henry Hobart|Dr. Henry Hobart]] and graduated in 1809 as the [[valedictorian]] of his class. Relocating to [[Philadelphia]], he was made a deacon of the [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopal Church]] in 1811 and was ordained as a priest in 1814. In 1835, the Episcopal Church undertook to consecrate missionary bishops to preach the [[Gospel]] west of the settled areas, and Kemper was the first to be chosen. He promptly headed west. Having found that clergy who had lived all their lives in the settled East were slow to respond to his call to join him on the frontier, he determined to recruit priests from among men who were already in the West, and established a college in [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], for that purpose. He went on to found [[Nashotah House]] and [[Racine]] College in [[Wisconsin]], and founded the mission parish that became the [[Cathedral Church of All Saints, Milwaukee|Cathedral Church of All Saints]] in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]]. He constantly urged a more extensive outreach to the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] peoples, and translations of the Scriptures and the services of the Church into their languages. From 1859 till his death in 1870, he was bishop of Wisconsin, but the effect of his labors covered a far wider area.

== Sources ==
==Career==
[[File:The Rt Rev Jackson Kemper.jpg|left|thumb|Jackson Kemper]]
Relocating to [[Philadelphia]], Kemper was ordained a deacon of the [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopal Church]] in 1811 by Bishop [[William White (bishop of Pennsylvania)|William White]], and a priest in 1814 as he served at [[Christ Church, Philadelphia|Christ Church]]. Particularly interested in evangelism, Kemper even persuaded his elderly mentor to make a missionary journey to western Pennsylvania during which also he founded St. Matthew's Episcopal Church in [[Wheeling, West Virginia]].<ref name="May 24"/>

In 1835, the Episcopal Church's General Convention decided to consecrate missionary bishops to preach the [[Gospel]] west of the settled areas. Fr. Kemper was the first chosen. After being consecrated as a bishop he promptly headed west for Indiana and Missouri. Since most clergy who had lived all their lives in the settled East were slow to respond to his call to join him on the frontier, Kemper determined to recruit priests from among men already in the West. He established a training college in [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], for that purpose, which failed in 1845 for lack of funding. He went on to found [[Nashotah House]] in 1842 and [[Racine College]] in [[Wisconsin]]. Kemper also founded the mission parish that became the [[Cathedral Church of All Saints, Milwaukee|Cathedral Church of All Saints]] in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]].

Kemper constantly urged outreach to the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] peoples, and translations of the Scriptures and the services of the Church into their languages. His first official act as Missionary Bishop, in what would become Wisconsin, was laying the cornerstone for a new frame church building for [[Church of the Holy Apostles, Oneida|Hobart Church, Duck Creek]], which served the [[Oneida Nation of Wisconsin|Oneida]] Indian Mission.<ref name=Wagner>Wagner, Harold Ezra (1947). ''The Episcopal Church in Wisconsin, 1847-1947: A History of the Diocese of Milwaukee''. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Diocese of Milwaukee.</ref> Perhaps more significantly, the first ordinations in what would become Wisconsin were also at Hobart Church. There Kemper ordained William Adams and James Lloyd Breck, two young recruits from the East who helped him establish Nashotah House Seminary, on October 9, 1842.<ref>Breck, Charles (1883). ''The Life of the Reverend James Lloyd Breck, D.D.: Chiefly from Letters Written by Himself''. New York: E. & J. B. Young.</ref> He was regularly invited to the Oneida reservation at Duck Creek by chief [[Daniel Bread]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hauptman|first1=Laurence|title=Seven Generations of Iroquois Leadership: The Six Nations Since 1800|date=2008|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-3165-1|page=91}}</ref> Kemper ordained a Native American, [[Enmegahbowh]], of the Ottawa tribe as a deacon in 1859.

[[File:KemperTomb.jpg|thumb|upright|Kemper's tomb at Nashotah House]]
Kemper supported the [[Oxford Movement]], although he maintained the importance of separation from the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. He ordained [[James De Koven]] as a priest in 1855, and supported [[Benjamin Onderdonk]] during his trial. In 1846 Kemper purchased a property adjacent to [[Nashotah House]] where he lived the rest of his life. From 1847 until 1854, Kemper served as Provisional Bishop of the newly formed [[Diocese of Wisconsin]], and then served as its diocesan bishop from 1854 until his death in 1870.<ref name=Wagner/> Kemper also supported creation of a new diocese, though he did not live to see the formation of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Fond du Lac|Diocese of Fond du Lac]] come to fruition.<ref>Curtiss, A. Parker (1925). ''History of the Diocese of Fond du Lac and Its Several Congregations''. Fond du Lac, Wisconsin: P.B. Haber Printing.</ref>

[[Bishopstead]], his residence in [[Delafield, Wisconsin]], is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://landmarkhunter.com/159446-bishopstead/|title=Bishopstead|publisher=Landmark Hunter.com|accessdate=2012-01-25}}</ref> [[Kemper Hall]], an Episcopal school for girls in [[Kenosha, Wisconsin]] that was named after him, is also listed on the National Register.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM5HJ4_Kemper_Hall_Kenosha_WI|title=Kemper Hall - Kenosha, WI|publisher=Waymarking.com|accessdate=2012-02-24}}</ref>

==Veneration==
Kemper is honored with a [[feast day]] on the [[Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church in the United States of America)|liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA)]] and of the [[Anglican Church in North America]] on May 24. Nashotah House and now the [[Anglican Province of America]] have a mission funds named after the missionary bishop.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bEq7DwAAQBAJ |title=Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 |date=2019-12-17 |publisher=Church Publishing, Inc. |isbn=978-1-64065-235-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dmaanglican.org/diocesan-news|title=Home - Diocese of the Central and Western States|access-date=May 20, 2016|archive-date=January 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003920/http://www.dmaanglican.org/diocesan-news|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Portal|Saints}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*''From the Episcopal Calendar''
*''From the Episcopal Calendar''
*[http://anglicanhistory.org/usa/jkemper/ Documents by and about Jackson Kemper] from [[Project Canterbury]]
*[http://anglicanhistory.org/usa/jkemper/ Documents by and about Jackson Kemper] from [[Project Canterbury]]
* ''A History of the Episcopal Church'' by Robert W. Prichard, (Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Pub., 1999)
* ''The Story of a College'' by James DeKoven, (Middletown, Conn., 1862)
* ''The Catholic Movement in the American Episcopal Church'' by George E. DeMille, (Philadelphia: Church Historical Society, 1941)
* ''The Story of Nashotah'' by John H Egar (Milwaukee: Burdick & Armitage, 1874)
* ''The Life of Reverend James De Koven D.D.: Sometime Warden of Racine College'' by William Cox Pope, (New York: James Pott & Company, 1899)
* ''Apostle of the Wilderness'' by James Lloyd Breck, Edited by Charles Henery (Nashotah reprint, 1992)
* ''[https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Sketch_book_of_the_American_Episcopate/ANcCAAAAQAAJ A Sketch-book of the American Episcopate]'' by Hermon Griswold Batterson (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1878)

==External links==
*{{commonscat-inline}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kemper, Jackson}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kemper, Jackson}}
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[[Category:1870 deaths]]
[[Category:1870 deaths]]
[[Category:Anglican saints]]
[[Category:Anglican saints]]
[[Category:Columbia College (New York) alumni]]
[[Category:19th-century bishops of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:19th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:19th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:Episcopal bishops of Indiana]]
[[Category:19th-century Anglican bishops in the United States]]
[[Category:Nashotah House people]]
[[Category:Racine College people]]
[[Category:People from Delafield, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:People from Pleasant Valley, New York]]
[[Category:Episcopal bishops of Milwaukee]]
[[Category:18th-century Anglican theologians]]
[[Category:19th-century Anglican theologians]]

Latest revision as of 19:20, 28 June 2024

The Right Reverend

Jackson Kemper

D.D., LL.D.
Bishop of Wisconsin
ChurchEpiscopal Church
DioceseWisconsin
Elected1859
In office1859–1870
SuccessorWilliam Edmond Armitage
Previous post(s)Missionary Bishop (1835-1859)
Orders
OrdinationJanuary 23, 1814
by William White
ConsecrationSeptember 25, 1835
by William White
Personal details
Born(1789-12-24)December 24, 1789
Pleasant Valley, Dutchess County, New York, United States
DiedMay 24, 1870(1870-05-24) (aged 80)
Nashotah, Wisconsin, United States
BuriedNashotah House Cemetery
NationalityAmerican
DenominationAnglican
ParentsDaniel Kemper & Elizabeth Marius
SpouseJerusha Lyman (m. 1816; d. 1818)
Ann Relf (m. 1821; d. 1832)
Alma materColumbia College
SignatureJackson Kemper's signature
Sainthood
Feast dayMay 24
Venerated inEpiscopal Church

Jackson Kemper (December 24, 1789 – May 24, 1870) in 1835 became the first missionary bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. Especially known for his work with Native American peoples, he also founded parishes in what in his youth was considered the Northwest Territory and later became known as the "Old Northwest" (Indiana, Missouri, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Nebraska), hence one appellation as bishop of the "Whole Northwest".[1] Bishop Kemper founded Nashotah House and Racine College in Wisconsin, and from 1859 until his death served as the first bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin.[2]

Early life

[edit]

Baptized David Jackson Kemper by Dr. Benjamin Moore, the Assistant Rector of his parents' congregation at New York City's Trinity Church, he would eventually drop the given name "David." He had been born in the Hudson River Valley of New York, where his parents had taken temporary refuge during a smallpox outbreak in New York City. His father Daniel Kemper had been a Deputy Clothier-General in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. His mother, Elizabeth (Marius) Kemper, descended from well-known families of the Dutch New Amsterdam era.

Kemper entered Columbia College at the age of fifteen, where he studied theology under Dr. Henry Hobart and graduated in 1809 as the valedictorian of his class.

Career

[edit]
Jackson Kemper

Relocating to Philadelphia, Kemper was ordained a deacon of the Episcopal Church in 1811 by Bishop William White, and a priest in 1814 as he served at Christ Church. Particularly interested in evangelism, Kemper even persuaded his elderly mentor to make a missionary journey to western Pennsylvania during which also he founded St. Matthew's Episcopal Church in Wheeling, West Virginia.[1]

In 1835, the Episcopal Church's General Convention decided to consecrate missionary bishops to preach the Gospel west of the settled areas. Fr. Kemper was the first chosen. After being consecrated as a bishop he promptly headed west for Indiana and Missouri. Since most clergy who had lived all their lives in the settled East were slow to respond to his call to join him on the frontier, Kemper determined to recruit priests from among men already in the West. He established a training college in St. Louis, Missouri, for that purpose, which failed in 1845 for lack of funding. He went on to found Nashotah House in 1842 and Racine College in Wisconsin. Kemper also founded the mission parish that became the Cathedral Church of All Saints in Milwaukee.

Kemper constantly urged outreach to the Native American peoples, and translations of the Scriptures and the services of the Church into their languages. His first official act as Missionary Bishop, in what would become Wisconsin, was laying the cornerstone for a new frame church building for Hobart Church, Duck Creek, which served the Oneida Indian Mission.[3] Perhaps more significantly, the first ordinations in what would become Wisconsin were also at Hobart Church. There Kemper ordained William Adams and James Lloyd Breck, two young recruits from the East who helped him establish Nashotah House Seminary, on October 9, 1842.[4] He was regularly invited to the Oneida reservation at Duck Creek by chief Daniel Bread.[5] Kemper ordained a Native American, Enmegahbowh, of the Ottawa tribe as a deacon in 1859.

Kemper's tomb at Nashotah House

Kemper supported the Oxford Movement, although he maintained the importance of separation from the Roman Catholic Church. He ordained James De Koven as a priest in 1855, and supported Benjamin Onderdonk during his trial. In 1846 Kemper purchased a property adjacent to Nashotah House where he lived the rest of his life. From 1847 until 1854, Kemper served as Provisional Bishop of the newly formed Diocese of Wisconsin, and then served as its diocesan bishop from 1854 until his death in 1870.[3] Kemper also supported creation of a new diocese, though he did not live to see the formation of the Diocese of Fond du Lac come to fruition.[6]

Bishopstead, his residence in Delafield, Wisconsin, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[7] Kemper Hall, an Episcopal school for girls in Kenosha, Wisconsin that was named after him, is also listed on the National Register.[8]

Veneration

[edit]

Kemper is honored with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) and of the Anglican Church in North America on May 24. Nashotah House and now the Anglican Province of America have a mission funds named after the missionary bishop.[9][10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "May 24: Jackson Kemper, First Missionary Bishop in the United States, 1870". May 24, 2011.
  2. ^ "Jackson Kemper, Bishop, Missionary".
  3. ^ a b Wagner, Harold Ezra (1947). The Episcopal Church in Wisconsin, 1847-1947: A History of the Diocese of Milwaukee. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Diocese of Milwaukee.
  4. ^ Breck, Charles (1883). The Life of the Reverend James Lloyd Breck, D.D.: Chiefly from Letters Written by Himself. New York: E. & J. B. Young.
  5. ^ Hauptman, Laurence (2008). Seven Generations of Iroquois Leadership: The Six Nations Since 1800. Syracuse University Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-0-8156-3165-1.
  6. ^ Curtiss, A. Parker (1925). History of the Diocese of Fond du Lac and Its Several Congregations. Fond du Lac, Wisconsin: P.B. Haber Printing.
  7. ^ "Bishopstead". Landmark Hunter.com. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
  8. ^ "Kemper Hall - Kenosha, WI". Waymarking.com. Retrieved February 24, 2012.
  9. ^ Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018. Church Publishing, Inc. December 17, 2019. ISBN 978-1-64065-235-4.
  10. ^ "Home - Diocese of the Central and Western States". Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2016.

Sources

[edit]
  • From the Episcopal Calendar
  • Documents by and about Jackson Kemper from Project Canterbury
  • A History of the Episcopal Church by Robert W. Prichard, (Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Pub., 1999)
  • The Story of a College by James DeKoven, (Middletown, Conn., 1862)
  • The Catholic Movement in the American Episcopal Church by George E. DeMille, (Philadelphia: Church Historical Society, 1941)
  • The Story of Nashotah by John H Egar (Milwaukee: Burdick & Armitage, 1874)
  • The Life of Reverend James De Koven D.D.: Sometime Warden of Racine College by William Cox Pope, (New York: James Pott & Company, 1899)
  • Apostle of the Wilderness by James Lloyd Breck, Edited by Charles Henery (Nashotah reprint, 1992)
  • A Sketch-book of the American Episcopate by Hermon Griswold Batterson (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1878)
[edit]
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