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{{Infobox military person |
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'''Jean Erdman, Baron Dieskau''' or '''Jean-Armand Dieskau, Baron de Dieskau''' (1701 – 1767) was a [[France|French]] general and commander in America for a part of the [[French and Indian War]]. On [[September 8]], 1755, he led some 1400 French and [[Native Americans in the United States|Indian]] troops against [[Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet|Sir William Johnson]]'s provincial soldiers and Native American warriors. Casualties were comparable for each side, but Dieskau was wounded and captured, and his men retreated. This event became known as the [[Battle of Lake George]]. Dieskau was finally released in 1763. |
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| name = Jean Erdman<br />Baron Dieskau |
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| image = |
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| image_size = |
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| caption = |
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| nickname = |
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| birth_date = 1701 |
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| birth_place = [[Dresden]], [[Saxony]] |
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| death_date = 8 September {{Death year and age|1767|1701}} |
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| death_place = [[Paris]] or [[Suresnes]] |
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| placeofburial = |
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| allegiance = {{flag|Kingdom of France}} |
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| branch = [[French Army]] |
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| serviceyears = 1733–1755 |
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| rank = [[Major General]] |
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| unit = |
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| commands = |
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| battles = [[War of the Austrian Succession]]<br />[[Seven Years' War]] |
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| awards = [[Order of Saint Louis]] |
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| relations = |
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| laterwork = |
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}} |
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'''Jean Erdman, Baron Dieskau''' or '''Jean-Armand Dieskau, Baron de Dieskau''' or '''Ludwig August von Dieskau''' (1701 – 8 September 1767) was a German-born soldier remembered mostly as a [[France|French]] general and commander in America for a part of the [[French and Indian War]]. |
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{{Canada-mil-bio-stub}} |
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{{France-mil-bio-stub}} |
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==Biography== |
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He was the [[aide-de-camp]] of Marshal [[Maurice de Saxe]] and visited [[St. Petersburg]] in that officer's interest in 1741. He also served in the [[Netherlands]] and in 1748 became [[major general]] of infantry and commander of [[Brest, France|Brest]]. He was sent to [[Canada]] on 20 February 1755 as the head of French troops to conduct the campaign against the [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]].{{sfn|Wilson|Fiske|1900}} |
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His forces comprised 600 Canadians, the same number of [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]], and 200 regular French troops. He ascended [[Lake Champlain]] to its head, designing to attack Fort Edward, but the guides took the road to [[Lake George (lake), New York|Lake George]] by mistake {{citation needed|date=December 2014}}. On 8 September, he was informed by scouts that a detachment of 1,000 men under Colonel [[Ephraim Williams]] of [[Massachusetts]], had been sent against him, and disposing his men in ambush in the form of a horseshoe, he surprised the enemy and put it to flight.{{sfn|Wilson|Fiske|1900}} |
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[[File:Johnson saving Dieskau.jpg|thumb|[[Benjamin West]]'s [[General Johnson saving a Wounded French Officer from the Tomahawk of a North American Indian|depiction]] of [[Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet|William Johnson]] sparing Baron Dieskau's life after the Battle of Lake George.]] |
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After pursuing their opponents to the British camp, the Indians halted; the Canadians became alarmed; and Dieskau, with his 200 regulars, was forced to sustain the fight. For five hours, the New England militia "kept up the most violent fire that had yet been known in America." Almost all the French regulars perished {{Dubious|date=December 2014}} {{citation needed|date=December 2014}}, and Dieskau himself was wounded three times but refused to retire and seated himself on a stump exposed to the bullets. Finally, seeing a soldier approaching as if to capture him, Dieskau put his hand into his pocket for his watch, which he intended to give to his captor, but the man, supposing that he was drawing a pistol, shot him and inflicted a wound that ultimately caused Dieskau's death over a decade later.{{sfn|Wilson|Fiske|1900}} |
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The event became known as the [[Battle of Lake George]]. Dieskau was kept a prisoner until 1763, when he was exchanged and returned to France, where he was given a pension.{{sfn|Wilson|Fiske|1900}} Command in Canada passed to [[Louis-Joseph de Montcalm]]. |
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==Notes== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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== References == |
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*{{cite DCB |title=Dieskau, Jean Armand, Baron de Dieskau |first=J.R. |last=Turnbull |volume=3 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/dieskau_jean_armand_3E.html}} |
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*{{Cite Appletons'|wstitle=Dieskau, Jean Erdman|year=1900}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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*{{Cite Americana|wstitle=Dieskau, Ludwig August |short=x}} |
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*[http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=1319 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online''] |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Dieskau, Jean Erdman}} |
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[[Category:1701 births |
[[Category:1701 births]] |
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[[Category:1767 deaths |
[[Category:1767 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Military personnel from Dresden]] |
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[[Category:Barons of Dieskau|Erdman, Jean]] |
[[Category:Barons of Dieskau|Erdman, Jean]] |
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[[Category:French generals |
[[Category:French generals]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:People of the French and Indian War]] |
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[[Category:People of New France]] |
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[[Category:Emigrants from the Holy Roman Empire to France]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:32, 8 January 2024
Jean Erdman Baron Dieskau | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1701 Dresden, Saxony |
| Died | 8 September 1767 (aged 65–66) Paris or Suresnes |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of France |
| Service/ | French Army |
| Years of service | 1733–1755 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Battles/wars | War of the Austrian Succession Seven Years' War |
| Awards | Order of Saint Louis |
Jean Erdman, Baron Dieskau or Jean-Armand Dieskau, Baron de Dieskau or Ludwig August von Dieskau (1701 – 8 September 1767) was a German-born soldier remembered mostly as a French general and commander in America for a part of the French and Indian War.
Biography
[edit]He was the aide-de-camp of Marshal Maurice de Saxe and visited St. Petersburg in that officer's interest in 1741. He also served in the Netherlands and in 1748 became major general of infantry and commander of Brest. He was sent to Canada on 20 February 1755 as the head of French troops to conduct the campaign against the British.[1]
His forces comprised 600 Canadians, the same number of Indians, and 200 regular French troops. He ascended Lake Champlain to its head, designing to attack Fort Edward, but the guides took the road to Lake George by mistake [citation needed]. On 8 September, he was informed by scouts that a detachment of 1,000 men under Colonel Ephraim Williams of Massachusetts, had been sent against him, and disposing his men in ambush in the form of a horseshoe, he surprised the enemy and put it to flight.[1]
After pursuing their opponents to the British camp, the Indians halted; the Canadians became alarmed; and Dieskau, with his 200 regulars, was forced to sustain the fight. For five hours, the New England militia "kept up the most violent fire that had yet been known in America." Almost all the French regulars perished [dubious – discuss] [citation needed], and Dieskau himself was wounded three times but refused to retire and seated himself on a stump exposed to the bullets. Finally, seeing a soldier approaching as if to capture him, Dieskau put his hand into his pocket for his watch, which he intended to give to his captor, but the man, supposing that he was drawing a pistol, shot him and inflicted a wound that ultimately caused Dieskau's death over a decade later.[1]
The event became known as the Battle of Lake George. Dieskau was kept a prisoner until 1763, when he was exchanged and returned to France, where he was given a pension.[1] Command in Canada passed to Louis-Joseph de Montcalm.
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d Wilson & Fiske 1900.
References
[edit]- Turnbull, J.R. (1974). "Dieskau, Jean Armand, Baron de Dieskau". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. III (1741–1770) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
- Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
External links
[edit]- . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
