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Coordinates: 23°59′06″N 79°43′12″E / 23.984944°N 79.719957°E / 23.984944; 79.719957
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{{short description|Town in Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh, India}}
{{short description|Town in Madhya Pradesh, India}}
{{about|a town in Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh|the village in Nalanda district, Bihar|Kundalpur, Bihar}}
{{about|a town in Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh|the village in Nalanda district, Bihar|Kundalpur, Bihar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
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{{Infobox religious building
{{Infobox religious building
| native_name =
| native_name =
| name = Kundalpur Siddha Kshetra, Kundalgiri
| name = Kundalpur Atishay Kshetra, Kundalgiri
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]
| image = Temples kundalpur.JPG
| image = Temples kundalpur.JPG
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}}
}}
{{Jainism}}
{{Jainism}}
'''Kundalpur''' is a town located in [[Damoh district]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Located {{convert|37|km|mi|abbr=off}} northeast of the city of [[Damoh]], Kundalpur is a pilgrimage site for [[Jainism|Jains]].{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}{{Sfn|von Glasenapp|1925|p=56}}{{Sfn|Beglar|1878|p=30}}{{Sfn|Russell|2018|p=399}}
'''Kundalpur''' is a town located in [[Damoh district]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Located {{convert|37|km|mi|abbr=off}} northeast of the city of [[Damoh]], Kundalpur is a pilgrimage site for Digambar [[Jainism|Jains]].{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}{{Sfn|von Glasenapp|1925|p=56}}{{Sfn|Beglar|1878|p=30}}{{Sfn|Russell|2018|p=399}}


==Location==
==Location==
Line 30: Line 30:
==Annual fair==
==Annual fair==
The Kundalpur Fair takes place in the month of March, beginning with the annual gathering of Jains, immediately after the [[Holi|Festival of Colours]], and lasts for two weeks. {{Sfn|Hunter|1881|p=30}}{{Sfn|Grant|1870|p=249}}
The Kundalpur Fair takes place in the month of March, beginning with the annual gathering of Jains, immediately after the [[Holi|Festival of Colours]], and lasts for two weeks. {{Sfn|Hunter|1881|p=30}}{{Sfn|Grant|1870|p=249}}

⚫
==History==
⚫
According to [[Alexander Cunningham]], in 1884 there were 20 temples on the hill and 30 temples at the foot of the hill near the pond known as "Vardhaman Talao".{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}} The temples are square blocks with dome roofs and pinnacles of different sizes.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=125}} The Bade Baba image was incorrectly identified by [[Joseph David Beglar]], who noted the inscription mounted on the wall, as of [[Neminatha]].{{Sfn|Beglar|1878|p=30}}

⚫
The original [[Bade Baba temple]], estimated to date from the 6th century CE, was the oldest temple at Kundalpur. It included smaller shrines and temples, and was enclosed within a fortified compound with tall rubble masonry walls on top of the hill. The main garbhagrih contained the Bade Baba pratima which along with its parikar (including the Parshvanth images) occupied the entire back wall.<ref>Dr. Sudha Malaiya, p. 155</ref> According to an inscription in the temple,<ref>Y.K. Malaiya, "Kundalpur's Past Three Centuries," Arhat Vacan, Vol. 13, no. 3-4, 2001 pp. 5-13</ref> the temple was renovated by the disciples of [[Bhattaraka]] Surendrakirti, with assistance from [[Bundela]] ruler [[Chhatrasal]].<ref>Thakurdas Bhagavandas Javeri, Bharatvarshiya Digambar Jain Directory, 1914</ref> The 4th line of the inscription — which is dated 31 December 1700 CE — mentions the name of [[Mahavira]], and line 8 mentions the terms ''Jina Marga'' (the "path to liberation") and ''[[Dharma (Jainism)|Jinadharma]]''.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}


==Architecture==
==Architecture==
{{see|Bade Baba temple}}
{{see|Bade Baba temple}}


There is a large statue of [[Rishabhanatha]] (also known as ''"Bade Baba"'' and ''"Adinath"'') on top of the hill in Kundalpur. The statue is in the [[lotus position]] and is 15 feet in height on a 3 feet high pedestal.<ref>Shri Digamber Jain Siddha Kshetra Kundalgiri, The Jaina Gazette, Vol. XLV, Number 9, September 1948, p. 94, http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=77613</ref> It is flanked on both sides by [[Parshvanatha]] images of the same height. In the past it was incorrectly identified as an image of [[Mahavira]].{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}} [[Niraj Jain]] established that the statue is in fact of Rishabhanatha.<ref>Niraj Jain, Kundalpur, Anekanta, April 1964, page 43.</ref> This is also the place of salvation of the last Kevali, named Shridhar Kevali.<ref>Jagannmohanlal Shastri, Anekanta, December 1967, page. 194.</ref>
There is a large statue of [[Rishabhanatha]] (also known as ''"Bade Baba"'' and ''"Adinath"'') on top of the hill in Kundalpur. The statue, seated in the [[lotus position]], is 15 feet in height and is on a 3-foot high pedestal.<ref>Shri Digamber Jain Siddha Kshetra Kundalgiri, The Jaina Gazette, Vol. XLV, Number 9, September 1948, p. 94, http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=77613</ref> It is flanked on both sides by [[Parshvanatha]] images of the same height. The statue was incorrectly identified in 1878 by [[Joseph David Beglar]], who noted the inscription mounted on the wall, as of [[Neminatha]].{{Sfn|Beglar|1878|p=30}} The statue was again incorrectly identified in 1884 by [[Alexander Cunningham]] as an image of [[Mahavira]].{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}} [[Niraj Jain]] established that the statue is in fact of Rishabhanatha.<ref>Niraj Jain, Kundalpur, Anekanta, April 1964, page 43.</ref> This is also the place of salvation of the last Kevali, named Shridhar Kevali.<ref>Jagannmohanlal Shastri, Anekanta, December 1967, page. 194.</ref> Photographs of the ''Bade Baba'' statue have been widely used in many publications, calendars, and posters.


A temple called ''Jal Mandir'' is situated in the middle of Vardhaman pond. A [[Samavasarana|Samosharana temple]] was built that commemorated the 25th anniversary of the ''[[parinirvana]]'' of Lord Mahavira in 1974. A [[manastambha]] in the center of the [[Dharamshala (type of building)|dharmashala]] was constructed in 1975.
Among all the temples of Kundalpur, the most famous is the [[Bade Baba temple]], with Rishabhanatha (affectionately termed "Bade Baba") as the principal deity. Another temple — called ''Jal Mandir'' — is situated in the middle of Vardhamana pond, at the foot of the hill. A [[Samavasarana|Samosharana temple]] was built that commemorated the 25th anniversary of the ''[[parinirvana]]'' of Lord Mahavira in 1974. A [[manastambha]] in the center of the [[Dharamshala (type of building)|dharmashala]] was constructed in 1975.


⚫
==History==
Among all the temples of Kundalpur, the most famous is the [[Bade Baba temple]], with Rishabhanatha (affectionately termed "Bade Baba") as the principal deity. Photographs of the ''Bade Baba'' statue have been widely used in many publications, calendars, and posters.
⚫
According to Alexander Cunningham, in 1884 there were 20 temples on the hill and 30 temples at the foot of the hill near the pond known as "Vardhamana Talao".{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}} The temples are square blocks with dome roofs and pinnacles of different sizes.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=125}}

⚫
The original [[Bade Baba temple]], estimated to date from the 6th century CE, was the oldest temple at Kundalpur. It included smaller shrines and temples, and was enclosed within a fortified compound with tall rubble masonry walls on top of the hill. The main garbhagrih contained the Bade Baba pratima which along with its parikar (including the Parshvanth images) occupied the entire back wall.<ref>Dr. Sudha Malaiya, p. 155</ref> According to an inscription in the temple,<ref>Y.K. Malaiya, "Kundalpur's Past Three Centuries," Arhat Vacan, Vol. 13, no. 3-4, 2001 pp. 5-13</ref> the temple was renovated by the disciples of [[Bhattaraka]] Surendrakirti, with assistance from [[Bundela]] ruler [[Chhatrasal]].<ref>Thakurdas Bhagavandas Javeri, Bharatvarshiya Digambar Jain Directory, 1914</ref> The 4th line of the inscription — which is dated 31 December 1700 CE — mentions the name of [[Mahavira]], and line 8 mentions the terms ''Jina Marga'' (the "path to liberation") and ''[[Dharma (Jainism)|Jinadharma]]''.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}


==Photo gallery==
==Photo gallery==
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File:Samavasarana Jain temple, Kundalpur.jpg|[[Samavasarana]] temple, 1974 AD
File:Samavasarana Jain temple, Kundalpur.jpg|[[Samavasarana]] temple, 1974 AD
File:Kundalpur lake.jpg|Jain temples near Vardhmansagar lake, 19th CE. Bhagbali Pande temple of 18th CE at the hill top.
File:Kundalpur lake.jpg|Jain temples near Vardhmansagar lake, 19th CE. Bhagbali Pande temple of 18th CE at the hill top.
File:Kundalpur Jain hill temple gate.jpg|thumb|Temple enclosure wall and gate constructed using rubble stone masonry<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schildkamp |first1=Martijn |last2=Silvestri |first2=Stefano |last3=Araki |first3=Yoshikazu |title=Rubble Stone Masonry Buildings With Cement Mortar: Design Specifications in Seismic and Masonry Codes Worldwide |journal=Frontiers in Built Environment |date=2020 |volume=6 |doi=10.3389/fbuil.2020.590520 |issn=2297-3362|doi-access=free }}</ref> with native [[teak]] trees
File:Kundalpur Jain hill temple gate.jpg|Temple enclosure wall and gate constructed using rubble stone masonry<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schildkamp |first1=Martijn |last2=Silvestri |first2=Stefano |last3=Araki |first3=Yoshikazu |title=Rubble Stone Masonry Buildings With Cement Mortar: Design Specifications in Seismic and Masonry Codes Worldwide |journal=Frontiers in Built Environment |date=2020 |volume=6 |doi=10.3389/fbuil.2020.590520 |issn=2297-3362|doi-access=free }}</ref> with native [[teak]] trees
File:Jain lake shrine, Kundalpur (cropped).jpg|Jain shrine inside Kundalpur lake
File:Jain lake shrine, Kundalpur (cropped).jpg|Jain shrine inside Kundalpur lake
File:Kundalpurmuralkatni.jpg|Glass mural with a traditional representation of Kundalpur in a Jain Temple [[Katni]]
File:Kundalpurmuralkatni.jpg|Glass mural with a traditional representation of Kundalpur in a Jain Temple [[Katni]]

Latest revision as of 15:38, 9 July 2024

This article is about a town in Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh. For the village in Nalanda district, Bihar, see Kundalpur, Bihar.

Kundalpur Atishay Kshetra, Kundalgiri
Kundalpur
Jain Temples near Vardhman Lake Kundalpur
Religion
AffiliationJainism
DeityRishabhanatha
FestivalsMahavir Janma Kalyanak
Governing bodyShri Digamber Jain Siddha Kshetra Kundalgiri Prabandhakarini Samiti
Location
LocationDamoh district, Madhya Pradesh
Kundalpur
Kundalpur
Shown within Madhya Pradesh
Geographic coordinates23°59′06″N 79°43′12″E / 23.984944°N 79.719957°E / 23.984944; 79.719957
Architecture
Date established8th century
Completed10th century
Temple(s)63
Website
www.shreebadebaba.com
Part of a series on
Jainism
Philosophy
Ethics
Ethics of Jainism
Mahavratas (major vows)
Anuvratas (further vows)
Jain prayers
Major figures
Major sects
Schools and Branches
Jain literature
Festivals
Pilgrimages
Tirth
Other

Kundalpur is a town located in Damoh district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Located 37 kilometres (23 miles) northeast of the city of Damoh, Kundalpur is a pilgrimage site for Digambar Jains.[1][2][3][4]

Location

[edit]

Nearby cities include Damoh 37 kilometres (23 miles), Sagar 113 kilometres (70 miles), and Jabalpur 143 kilometres (89 miles). The nearest railway station is located at Damoh, and the nearest airport is Jabalpur Airport.

Annual fair

[edit]

The Kundalpur Fair takes place in the month of March, beginning with the annual gathering of Jains, immediately after the Festival of Colours, and lasts for two weeks. [5][6]

Architecture

[edit]
Further information: Bade Baba temple

There is a large statue of Rishabhanatha (also known as "Bade Baba" and "Adinath") on top of the hill in Kundalpur. The statue, seated in the lotus position, is 15 feet in height and is on a 3-foot high pedestal.[7] It is flanked on both sides by Parshvanatha images of the same height. The statue was incorrectly identified in 1878 by Joseph David Beglar, who noted the inscription mounted on the wall, as of Neminatha.[3] The statue was again incorrectly identified in 1884 by Alexander Cunningham as an image of Mahavira.[1] Niraj Jain established that the statue is in fact of Rishabhanatha.[8] This is also the place of salvation of the last Kevali, named Shridhar Kevali.[9] Photographs of the Bade Baba statue have been widely used in many publications, calendars, and posters.

Among all the temples of Kundalpur, the most famous is the Bade Baba temple, with Rishabhanatha (affectionately termed "Bade Baba") as the principal deity. Another temple — called Jal Mandir — is situated in the middle of Vardhamana pond, at the foot of the hill. A Samosharana temple was built that commemorated the 25th anniversary of the parinirvana of Lord Mahavira in 1974. A manastambha in the center of the dharmashala was constructed in 1975.

History

[edit]

According to Alexander Cunningham, in 1884 there were 20 temples on the hill and 30 temples at the foot of the hill near the pond known as "Vardhamana Talao".[1] The temples are square blocks with dome roofs and pinnacles of different sizes.[1][10]

The original Bade Baba temple, estimated to date from the 6th century CE, was the oldest temple at Kundalpur. It included smaller shrines and temples, and was enclosed within a fortified compound with tall rubble masonry walls on top of the hill. The main garbhagrih contained the Bade Baba pratima which along with its parikar (including the Parshvanth images) occupied the entire back wall.[11] According to an inscription in the temple,[12] the temple was renovated by the disciples of Bhattaraka Surendrakirti, with assistance from Bundela ruler Chhatrasal.[13] The 4th line of the inscription — which is dated 31 December 1700 CE — mentions the name of Mahavira, and line 8 mentions the terms Jina Marga (the "path to liberation") and Jinadharma.[1]

[edit]
  • Famous 15 feet Image of "Bade Baba" (Rishabhanatha) at Kundalpur
    Famous 15 feet Image of "Bade Baba" (Rishabhanatha) at Kundalpur
  • A mural at Shahpur representing the Bade Baba pratima with parikar in the old temple (center)
    A mural at Shahpur representing the Bade Baba pratima with parikar in the old temple (center)
  • Temple below hill, 19th century.
    Temple below hill, 19th century.
  • Samavasarana temple, 1974 AD
    Samavasarana temple, 1974 AD
  • Jain temples near Vardhmansagar lake, 19th CE. Bhagbali Pande temple of 18th CE at the hill top.
    Jain temples near Vardhmansagar lake, 19th CE. Bhagbali Pande temple of 18th CE at the hill top.
  • Temple enclosure wall and gate constructed using rubble stone masonry[14] with native teak trees
    Temple enclosure wall and gate constructed using rubble stone masonry[14] with native teak trees
  • Jain shrine inside Kundalpur lake
    Jain shrine inside Kundalpur lake
  • Glass mural with a traditional representation of Kundalpur in a Jain Temple Katni
    Glass mural with a traditional representation of Kundalpur in a Jain Temple Katni
  • Planned new Bade Baba temple on a poster. The design has since been revised.
    Planned new Bade Baba temple on a poster. The design has since been revised.

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jain temples in Kundalpur, Madhya Pradesh.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Alexander Cunningham 1885, pp. 166–7.
  2. ^ von Glasenapp 1925, p. 56.
  3. ^ a b Beglar 1878, p. 30.
  4. ^ Russell 2018, p. 399.
  5. ^ Hunter 1881, p. 30.
  6. ^ Grant 1870, p. 249.
  7. ^ Shri Digamber Jain Siddha Kshetra Kundalgiri, The Jaina Gazette, Vol. XLV, Number 9, September 1948, p. 94, http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=77613
  8. ^ Niraj Jain, Kundalpur, Anekanta, April 1964, page 43.
  9. ^ Jagannmohanlal Shastri, Anekanta, December 1967, page. 194.
  10. ^ Titze & Bruhn 1998, p. 125.
  11. ^ Dr. Sudha Malaiya, p. 155
  12. ^ Y.K. Malaiya, "Kundalpur's Past Three Centuries," Arhat Vacan, Vol. 13, no. 3-4, 2001 pp. 5-13
  13. ^ Thakurdas Bhagavandas Javeri, Bharatvarshiya Digambar Jain Directory, 1914
  14. ^ Schildkamp, Martijn; Silvestri, Stefano; Araki, Yoshikazu (2020). "Rubble Stone Masonry Buildings With Cement Mortar: Design Specifications in Seismic and Masonry Codes Worldwide". Frontiers in Built Environment. 6. doi:10.3389/fbuil.2020.590520. ISSN 2297-3362.

Sources

[edit]
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