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| nationality = [[Germany|German]]
| nationality = [[Germany|German]]
| field = [[Chemist]]
| field = [[Chemist]]
| work_institution = [[Technische Universität Berlin]]
| work_institution = [[Technical University of Berlin]]
| alma_mater = [[Technische Universität Berlin]]
| alma_mater = [[Technical University of Berlin]]
| doctoral_advisor = Alexander Schönberg
| doctoral_advisor = Alexander Schönberg
| known_for = [[Liquid crystals]]
| known_for = [[Liquid crystals]]
| prizes = [[Georg Ernst Stahl|Georg-Ernst-Stahl]]-Medal
| prizes = [[Georg Ernst Stahl|Georg-Ernst-Stahl]]-Medal
}}
}}
'''Klaus Praefcke''' (3 January 1933 – 20 November 2013)<ref>[http://www.tu-berlin.de/?id=78695 TU Berlin]</ref> was a German chemist. He was born in [[Wustrow, Nordvorpommern|Wustrow]] and studied in Berlin under the supervision of Alexander Schönberg. After completing his Ph.D. in 1963 and his habilitation in 1970, he became Professor of Organic Chemistry at [[Technische Universität Berlin]] in 1971. He stayed dedicated to the research until 1998 at the same institution.
'''Klaus Praefcke''' (3 January 1933 – 20 November 2013)<ref>[http://www.tu-berlin.de/?id=78695 TU Berlin]</ref> was a German chemist. He was born in [[Wustrow, Nordvorpommern|Wustrow]] and studied in Berlin under the supervision of Alexander Schönberg. After completing his Ph.D. in 1963 and his habilitation in 1970, he became Professor of Organic Chemistry at the [[Technical University of Berlin]] in 1971. He stayed dedicated to the research until 1998 at the same institution.


Praefcke has published more than 300 scientific papers dedicated to organic synthesis. He is known for his contributions to preparative organic [[photochemistry]]<ref name="Praefcke">(a) J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''Organische Schwefelverbindungen VII : Photochemische α-Spaltung von Thiobenzoesäure-S-p-tolylestern in Lösung'', [[Chemische Berichte]] ''107'' (1974) 2319; (b) G. Buchholz, J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''2- und 4-Azathioxanthone durch Photoumlagerung von Thionicotinsäure-S-arylestern'', [[Angewandte Chemie]] ''86'' (1974) 562; [[Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English]] ''13'' (1974) 550; (c) G. Buchholz, J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''Photochemische Thioxanthon-Synthese aus Halogenthiobenzoesäure-S-arylestern'', Synthesis ''1974'', 666; (d) J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Schwarz: ''Organische Schwefelverbindungen VI : Thioxanthonsynthese durch Photoumlagerung von Diaryl-α-ketosulfiden (Thiolestern), eine neue lichtinduzierte aromatische Substitutionsreaktion'', [[Tetrahedron]] ''30'' (1974) 2565; (e) G. Buchholz, J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''Organische Photochemie VII : Photosubstitution von 1-Halogenthioxanthonen'', [[Tetrahedron Letters]] ''1975'', 3213; (f) J. Martens, K. Praefcke and U. Schulze: ''Intramolekulare Photo-Friedel-Crafts-Reaktionen; ein neues Syntheseprinzip für Heterocyclen'', [[Synthesis (journal)|Synthesis]] ''1976'', 532; (g) J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Simon: ''Photochemistry of Selenol Esters'', Zeitschrift für Naturforschung ''31b'' (1976) 1717; (h) R. Lüdersdorf, J. Martens, B. Pakzad and K. Praefcke, Organische Photochemie XIV: ''Photoreaktionen sulfinylsubstituierter Carbonsäure-, Thiocarbonsäure- und Selenocarbonsäurederivate in Lösung; lichtinduzierte Säurespaltungen, Heterocyclenbildungen und Photosubstitutionen'', [[Liebigs Annalen der Chemie]] ''1977'', 1992-2017; (i) W. Lohner, J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Simon: ''Organische Tellurverbindungen III. Photoreaktionen von Tellurolestern in Lösung'', Journal of Organometallic Chemistry ''154'' (1978) 263; (j) J. Martens and K. Praefcke : ''Photochemistry of Organic Selenium and Tellurium Compounds'', [[Journal of Organometallic Chemistry]] ''198'' (1980) 321.</ref> as well as physics and chemistry of [[liquid crystals]].<ref name="Praefcke Flüssigkristalle">(a) G. Heppke, J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Simon:'' Selenolester – eine neue Klasse flüssigkristalliner Verbindungen'', Angewandte Chemie ''89'' (1977) 328; Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English ''16'' (1977) 318; (b) K. Praefcke, J. Martens ''et al.'': ''Tellurolester im Vergleich mit isoelektronischen, flüssig-kristallinen O-, S- und Se-Estern'', Chemiker-Zeitung ''101'' (1977) 450; (c) K. Praefcke: ''Can thermotropic biaxial nematics be made real?'' Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 364 (2001) 15.</ref> Several novel types of liquid crystals have been synthesized by Praefcke for the first time.<ref name="Gray">George W. Gray, CBE, FRS:'' People in the News: Professor K. Praefcke Symposium'', Liquid Crystals Today ''8'' (1998) 6-7.</ref>
Praefcke has published more than 300 scientific papers dedicated to organic synthesis. He is known for his contributions to preparative organic [[photochemistry]]<ref name="Praefcke">(a) J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''Organische Schwefelverbindungen VII : Photochemische α-Spaltung von Thiobenzoesäure-S-p-tolylestern in Lösung'', [[Chemische Berichte]] ''107'' (1974) 2319; (b) G. Buchholz, J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''2- und 4-Azathioxanthone durch Photoumlagerung von Thionicotinsäure-S-arylestern'', [[Angewandte Chemie]] ''86'' (1974) 562; [[Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English]] ''13'' (1974) 550; (c) G. Buchholz, J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''Photochemische Thioxanthon-Synthese aus Halogenthiobenzoesäure-S-arylestern'', Synthesis ''1974'', 666; (d) J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Schwarz: ''Organische Schwefelverbindungen VI : Thioxanthonsynthese durch Photoumlagerung von Diaryl-α-ketosulfiden (Thiolestern), eine neue lichtinduzierte aromatische Substitutionsreaktion'', [[Tetrahedron]] ''30'' (1974) 2565; (e) G. Buchholz, J. Martens and K. Praefcke: ''Organische Photochemie VII : Photosubstitution von 1-Halogenthioxanthonen'', [[Tetrahedron Letters]] ''1975'', 3213; (f) J. Martens, K. Praefcke and U. Schulze: ''Intramolekulare Photo-Friedel-Crafts-Reaktionen; ein neues Syntheseprinzip für Heterocyclen'', [[Synthesis (journal)|Synthesis]] ''1976'', 532; (g) J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Simon: ''Photochemistry of Selenol Esters'', Zeitschrift für Naturforschung ''31b'' (1976) 1717; (h) R. Lüdersdorf, J. Martens, B. Pakzad and K. Praefcke, Organische Photochemie XIV: ''Photoreaktionen sulfinylsubstituierter Carbonsäure-, Thiocarbonsäure- und Selenocarbonsäurederivate in Lösung; lichtinduzierte Säurespaltungen, Heterocyclenbildungen und Photosubstitutionen'', [[Liebigs Annalen der Chemie]] ''1977'', 1992-2017; (i) W. Lohner, J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Simon: ''Organische Tellurverbindungen III. Photoreaktionen von Tellurolestern in Lösung'', Journal of Organometallic Chemistry ''154'' (1978) 263; (j) J. Martens and K. Praefcke : ''Photochemistry of Organic Selenium and Tellurium Compounds'', [[Journal of Organometallic Chemistry]] ''198'' (1980) 321.</ref> as well as physics and chemistry of [[liquid crystals]].<ref name="Praefcke Flüssigkristalle">(a) G. Heppke, J. Martens, K. Praefcke and H. Simon:'' Selenolester – eine neue Klasse flüssigkristalliner Verbindungen'', Angewandte Chemie ''89'' (1977) 328; Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English ''16'' (1977) 318; (b) K. Praefcke, J. Martens ''et al.'': ''Tellurolester im Vergleich mit isoelektronischen, flüssig-kristallinen O-, S- und Se-Estern'', Chemiker-Zeitung ''101'' (1977) 450; (c) K. Praefcke: ''Can thermotropic biaxial nematics be made real?'' Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 364 (2001) 15.</ref> Several novel types of liquid crystals have been synthesized by Praefcke for the first time.<ref name="Gray">George W. Gray, CBE, FRS:'' People in the News: Professor K. Praefcke Symposium'', Liquid Crystals Today ''8'' (1998) 6-7.</ref>
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