List of political parties in Finland: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
→Registered political parties: updated the list of registered parties to match the Ministry of Justice's list at vaalit.fi |
|||
| (472 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|None}} |
|||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}} |
|||
{{Politics of Finland}} |
{{Politics of Finland}} |
||
This article is a '''list of''' '''political parties in Finland''', which includes [[Finland]]’s national-level political parties and excludes local and provincial parties (such as the [[List of political parties in Åland|parties of Åland]]). A party is defined as a political association whose existence is recorded in the [[Ministry of Justice (Finland)|Ministry of Justice]]’s party register.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1969/19690010?search%5Btype%5D=pika&search%5Bpika%5D=puolue|title=Puoluelaki 10/1969|website=www.finlex.fi|language=fi|trans-title=Party Law 10/1969|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref> |
|||
'''Political parties in Finland''' lists [[political party|political parties]] in [[politics of Finland|Finland]]. |
|||
Finland has a [[multi-party]] system, with three strong parties, in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form [[coalition government]]s. |
|||
Finland has a [[multi-party system]]. [[Coalition government]]s which comprise a majority of seats in the [[Parliament of Finland]] are the norm. Those parties which are not in government are called the opposition. Due to the lack of an electoral threshold, many parties are usually represented in Parliament. As a result, it is all but impossible for one party to win a majority. Additionally, the socialist and non-socialist blocs usually cannot win enough seats between them to form a governing coalition on their own. Most Finnish governments, particularly since [[World War II]], have thus been [[grand coalition]]s comprising parties stretching across the political spectrum. |
|||
==Political parties represented in the Parliament== |
|||
Parties work in parliamentary groups (''eduskuntaryhmät''), usually voting with [[party discipline]], which is however not absolute. |
|||
The [[Social Democratic Party of Finland]] (''Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue'', SDP) is mostly supported by the urban [[working class]] but it also has some support among small farmers, white-collar workers, and professionals. In the [[1995]] parliamentary elections, SDP gained a plurality in Finland's parliament with 28% of the vote. But as it won far less than an overall majority, a five-party governing coalition was formed, baptized the "rainbow coalition". In the [[1999]] general election, SDP maintained its plurality with 22.9%, but the Centre Party came in as a near second with 22.4%. The coalition continued with little changes. In the 2007 elections SDP gained 21.4% of the votes and was the third biggest party. For the party this was the worst result since 1960s. |
|||
Parties are composed of local chapters based in municipalities. In [[Municipalities of Finland|municipalities]], which are fundamental administrative units of the country, parties hold seats in the municipal councils, but often have to compete for them with local non-party groups. |
|||
Finland's two other major parties are the [[Centre Party (Finland)|Centre Party]] (''Suomen Keskusta''), traditionally representing rural interests, and the [[conservatism|conservative]] [[National Coalition Party (Finland)|National Coalition Party]] (''Kansallinen Kokoomus''), which draws its major support from the business community and urban professionals. The Centre Party won nearly 20% and the National Coalition Party 18% of the vote in 1995. In the 1999 elections, they won 22.9% and 21% of the vote, respectively. The National Coalition Party was the second-largest party in the SDP-led coalition, which was rounded out by the [[Swedish People's Party (Finland)|Swedish People's Party]] (''Svenska Folkpartiet'', SFP) and the [[Green League]] (''Vihreä Liitto''), which left the cabinet after the decision to build a fifth nuclear reactor. In 2007 elections the National Coalition Party was the biggest winner gaining 22.3% of the votes. The party was bigger than the SDP for the first time ever. In the same elections, however, the Centre Party remained the biggest, gaining 23.1% of the votes. |
|||
Finnish law states that a political association which fulfills certain conditions is eligible to become a political party free of charge.<ref name=":0" /> Among these conditions are: |
|||
The [[Left Alliance (Finland)|Left Alliance]] (''Vasemmistoliitto''), the SDP's rival on the left, gained 11% of the vote in 1995 and joined the SDP-led cabinet. In the 1999 elections it again got 11% of the vote, and remained in cabinet. The Left Alliance was formed in May [[1990]] and replaced the [[Finnish People's Democratic League]] (''Suomen Kansan Demokraattinen Liitto'', SKDL), a group that represented the [[Communist Party of Finland]] (''Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue'', SKP) in the Parliament. Political activity by [[communism|Communists]] was legalized after the [[Continuation War]] in [[1944]]. |
|||
* that the primary purpose of the association is to affect governmental affairs, |
|||
== Registered political parties == |
|||
* that it has received at least 5,000 votes in any parliamentary, municipal, or European Parliament election, |
|||
Under Finnish law, a political association that fulfils certain conditions may become an officially registered party. A registered party may nominate candidates in all national and local elections, and a party that is represented in parliament is entitled to a government subsidy relative to its number of seats. To qualify as a registered party, an association must have bylaws guaranteeing democratic internal organization and must be able to present 5,000 supporters who are eligible to vote. A party that fails to win a single seat in two consecutive parliamentary elections is stricken from the register but may apply again. |
|||
* that the association's rules secure the following of democratic principles in its decision making and activities, |
|||
* and that it has a general program based on these rules which expresses the association's principles and goals regarding its actions in governmental affairs. |
|||
A registered party may nominate candidates in any national and local elections, and a party that is represented in parliament is entitled to a government subsidy relative to its number of seats. To qualify as a registered party, an association must have bylaws guaranteeing democratic internal organization and must be able to present 5,000 signatures from supporters who are eligible to vote. A party that fails to win a single seat in two consecutive parliamentary elections is stricken from the register but may apply again. (In contrast, a [[voluntary association]] has a requirement of 20,000 supporters and is not eligible for [[Party subsidies|party subsidy]]). |
|||
Registered political parties [[as of 2005]] and their leaders: |
|||
== Parliamentary parties == |
|||
Parties represented in parliament: |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
*[[Centre Party (Finland)|Centre Party of Finland]] (Suomen Keskusta, KESK): [[Matti Vanhanen]] |
|||
! colspan="4" | Party |
|||
*[[Christian Democrats (Finland)|Christian Democrats in Finland]] (Suomen Kristillisdemokraatit, KD): [[Päivi Räsänen]] |
|||
! Ideology |
|||
*[[Green League]] (Vihreä liitto, VIHR): [[Tarja Cronberg]] |
|||
! [[List of members of the Parliament of Finland|MPs]] |
|||
*[[Left Alliance (Finland)|Left Alliance]] (Vasemmistoliitto, VAS): Martti Korhonen |
|||
! [[Member of the European Parliament|MEPs]] |
|||
*[[National Coalition Party (Finland)|National Coalition Party]] (Kansallinen Kokoomus, KOK): [[Jyrki Katainen]] |
|||
! [[City Councillor|CCs]] |
|||
*[[Social Democratic Party of Finland]] (Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue, SDP): [[Eero Heinäluoma]] |
|||
! Leader |
|||
*[[Swedish People's Party (Finland)|Swedish People's Party]] (Svenska folkpartiet i Finland, SFP): [[Stefan Wallin]] |
|||
! Founded |
|||
*[[True Finns]] (Perussuomalaiset, PS): [[Timo Soini]] |
|||
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref|References}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|National Coalition Party}}" | |
|||
| [[File:National Coalition Party logo.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[National Coalition Party]] <br /><small>''Kansallinen Kokoomus<br>''</small><small>''(''</small><small>''Samlingspartiet''</small><small>'')''</small> |
|||
|{{lang-fi|Kok}}<br>{{lang-sv|Saml}} |
|||
| [[Liberal conservatism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|48|200|{{party color|National Coalition Party}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|4|15|{{party color|National Coalition Party}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|1552|8859|{{party color|National Coalition Party}}}} |
|||
|[[Petteri Orpo]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1918 |
|||
| <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Finns Party}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Perussuomalaiset_Logo.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[Finns Party]] <br /><small>''Perussuomalaiset<br>''</small><small>''(''</small><small>''Sannfinländarna''</small><small>'')''</small> |
|||
|{{lang-fi|PS}}<br>{{lang-sv|Sannf}} |
|||
| [[National conservatism]]<br />[[Right-wing populism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|45|200|{{party color|Finns Party}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|1|15|{{party color|Finns Party}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|1351|8859|{{party color|Finns Party}}}} |
|||
| [[Riikka Purra]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1995 |
|||
|<ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" /><ref name="VornanenYle">{{Cite web |date=May 13, 2024 |title=Purra: Vornasen ja Hakkaraisen erottamisen syyt ”kaikille selvät” – Hakkarainen: perussuomalaisista on tullut kokoomuksen ”beagle” |url=https://yle.fi/a/74-20088330 |website=Yle |lang=fi}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! width="5px" style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Finnlands_Logo.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[Social Democratic Party of Finland|Social Democratic Party]] <br /><small>''Sosialidemokraatit<br>''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Socialdemokraterna)</small>'' |
|||
| ''{{party abbr|SDP<br />SD}}'' |
|||
| [[Social democracy]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|43|200|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|2|15|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|1451|8859|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} |
|||
| [[Antti Lindtman]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1899 |
|||
| <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Centre Party (Finland)}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Keskusta.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[Centre Party (Finland)|Centre Party]] <br /><small>''Suomen Keskusta<br>''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Centern i Finland)</small>'' |
|||
| ''{{lang-fi|Kesk}}<br>{{lang-sv|C}}'' |
|||
| [[Agrarianism]] ([[Nordic agrarian parties|Nordic]]) <br />[[Liberalism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|23|200|{{party color|Centre Party (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|2|15|{{party color|Centre Party (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|2445|8859|{{party color|Centre Party (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| [[Antti Kaikkonen]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1906 |
|||
| <ref name="List">{{Cite web |title=List of Registered Parties |publisher=Ministry of Justice |work=Vaalit.fi |date=2 September 2021|access-date=6 September 2021 |url= https://vaalit.fi/en/list-of-registered-parties }}</ref><ref name="Rekisteröidyt">{{Cite web |title=Rekisteröidyt puolueet |publisher=Ministry of Justice |work=Vaalit.fi |access-date=17 May 2021 |url= https://vaalit.fi/rekisteroidyt-puolueet |language=fi }}</ref><ref name="Kielitoimisto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kielitoimistonohjepankki.fi/ohje/262|title=Puolueiden nimet ja lyhenteet|website=Kielitoimiston ohjepankki|language=fi-FI|date=2021-09-06|access-date=2021-09-06}}</ref><ref name="Kaikkonen_election">{{Cite web | title=Centre Party picks Kaikkonen as new leader, NCP re-elects Orpo |publisher=yle.fi |work=yle |date=15 June 2024 |access-date=15 June 2024 |url=https://yle.fi/a/74-20094263 }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Green League}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Vihreät.svg|center|75x75px]] |
|||
| [[Green League]] <br /><small>''Vihreä liitto<br />''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Gröna förbundet)<br />(Ruoná lihttu)<br />(Ruánáá litto)<br />(Ruânn lett)</small>'' |
|||
| ''{{Party abbrev|Vihr}}'' |
|||
| [[Green politics]]<br />[[Green liberalism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|13|200|{{party color|Green League}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|2|15|{{party color|Green League}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|433|8859|{{party color|Green League}}}} |
|||
| [[Sofia Virta]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1987 |
|||
| <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Left Alliance (Finland)}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Vasemmistoliitto Logo 2018.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[Left Alliance (Finland)|Left Alliance]] <br /><small>''Vasemmistoliitto<br>''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Vänsterförbundet)</small>'' |
|||
| ''{{lang-fi|Vas}}<br>{{lang-sv|VF}}'' |
|||
| [[Democratic socialism]] <br />[[Eco-socialism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|11|200|{{party color|Left Alliance (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|3|15|{{party color|Left Alliance (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|508|8859|{{party color|Left Alliance (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| [[Li Andersson]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1990 |
|||
| <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Swedish People's Party of Finland}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue Teillogo.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
|[[Swedish People's Party of Finland|Swedish People's Party]] <br /><small>''Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue<br>''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Svenska folkpartiet)</small>'' |
|||
|{{lang-sv|SFP}}<br>{{lang-fi|RKP<br>R}} |
|||
| [[Liberalism]]<br />[[Swedish-speaking population of Finland|Swedish-speaking minority interests]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|9|200|{{party color|Swedish People's Party of Finland}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|1|15|{{party color|Swedish People's Party of Finland}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|463|8859|{{party color|Swedish People's Party of Finland}}}} |
|||
| [[Anders Adlercreutz]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1906 |
|||
| <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" /><ref>{{Cite web | title=Swedish People's Party elects Adlercreutz as new chair after Wickström drops out of race |publisher=yle.fi |work=yle |date=16 June 2024 |access-date=16 June 2024 |url=https://yle.fi/a/74-20094372 }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democrats (Finland)}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Christian_Democrats_(Finland)_logo_2022.svg|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[Christian Democrats (Finland)|Christian Democrats]] <br /><small>''Kristillisdemokraatit<br>''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Kristdemokraterna)</small>'' |
|||
| ''{{party abbr|KD}}'' |
|||
| [[Christian democracy]]<br />[[Conservatism|Social conservatism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|5|200|{{party color|Christian Democrats (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|0|15|{{party color|Christian Democrats (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|311|8859|{{party color|Christian Democrats (Finland)}}}} |
|||
| [[Sari Essayah]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1958 |
|||
| <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Movement Now}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Liike Nyt Party.png|center|50x50px]] |
|||
| [[Movement Now]] <br /><small>''Liike Nyt<br>''</small><small>''(''</small>''<small>Rörelse Nu)</small>'' |
|||
| ''{{lang-fi|Liik}}<br>{{lang-sv|RN}}'' |
|||
| [[Economic liberalism]] |
|||
| {{composition bar|1|200|{{party color|Movement Now}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|0|15|{{party color|Movement Now}}}} |
|||
| {{composition bar|49|8859|{{party color|Movement Now}}}} |
|||
| [[Harry Harkimo]] |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2018 |
|||
| <ref>{{Cite web | title = Här är listan på alla som är med i Harkimos nya rörelse | work = Hufvudstadsbladet | date = 23 April 2018 | access-date = 29 June 2018 | url = https://www.hbl.fi/artikel/ny-politisk-rorelse-ser-dagens-ljus/ | language = sv}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Harkimo (liik) siirretään perussuomalaisten ja keskustan väliin takariviin | last = Ijäs | first = Johannes | work = Demokraatti | date = 27 April 2018 | access-date = 29 June 2018 | url = https://demokraatti.fi/harkimo-liik-siirretaan-perussuomalaisten-ja-keskustan-valiin-takariviin/ | language = fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Tutkija löysi paradoksin Hjallis Harkimon liikkeestä: 'Saadaanko tavoitteella tismalleen päinvastainen lopputulos?' | last = Karkkola | first = Minna | work = Uusi Suomi | date = 7 May 2018 | access-date = 29 June 2018 | url = https://www.uusisuomi.fi/kotimaa/248049-tutkija-jenni-karimaki-loysi-paradoksin-harry-hjallis-harkimon-liikkeesta-voi-kumota | language = fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Nimet julki: he ovat Liike Nytin taustalla | last = Räsänen | first = Jukka-Pekka | work = Savon Sanomat | date = 21 April 2018 | access-date = 29 June 2018 | url = https://www.savonsanomat.fi/kotimaa/Nimet-julki-he-ovat-Liike-Nytin-taustalla/1186043 | language = fi}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
== Extra-parliamentary parties == |
|||
*[[Communist Party of Finland (Unity)|Communist Party of Finland]] (Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue, SKP): Yrjö Hakanen |
|||
*Suomen Senioripuolue (SSP): Esko A. Repo |
|||
*[[For Peace and Socialism - Communist Workers Party]] (Rauhan ja Sosialismin puolesta - Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue, KTP): Hannu Harju |
|||
*For the Poor (Köyhien Asialla, KA): Terttu Savola |
|||
*[[Liberals (Finland)|Liberals]] (Liberaalit, LIB): Ilkka Innamaa |
|||
*Forces for Change in Finland (Muutosvoimat Suomi, MVS): Ilkka Hakalehto |
|||
*[[Suomen Kansan Sinivalkoiset|Finnish People's Blue-whites]] (Suomen Kansan Sinivalkoiset, SKS): [[Olavi Mäenpää]] |
|||
*Yhteisvastuu puolue (YVP): Taisto Vaetoja |
|||
*Suomen Työväenpuolue STP: Juhani Tanski |
|||
*Independence Party (Itsenäisyyspuolue): Antti Pesonen |
|||
*Suomen Isänmaallinen kansanliike (IKL): Matti Järviharju |
|||
=== Registered === |
|||
== Historical political parties == |
|||
Those parties that have received neither a seat in the Parliament of Finland nor in the [[European Parliament]], but which are registered political parties, are listed below. |
|||
* [[Finnish Party]] (Suomalainen Puolue, SP) 1860s-1918 |
|||
* [[Young Finnish Party]] (Nuorsuomalainen Puolue, NSP) 1870s-1918 |
|||
* [[Communist Party of Finland]] (Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue, SKP) 1918-1990 |
|||
* [[National Progressive Party (Finland)|National Progressive Party]] (Kansallinen Edistyspuolue, ED) 1918-1951 |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
== Parties in Åland == |
|||
! colspan="3" | Party |
|||
The autonomous region of Åland has its own party system. These parties are listed in the following table: |
|||
! Ideology |
|||
{{Åland legislative election, 2003}} |
|||
! [[City Councillor|CCs]] |
|||
! Leader |
|||
! Founded |
|||
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref|References}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Power Belongs to the People}}" | |
|||
|[[Power Belongs to the People]] <br /><small>''Valta kuuluu kansalle<br>''</small> |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|VKK}}'' |
|||
|[[Ultranationalism|Finnish ultranationalism]]<br />[[Vaccine hesitancy]]<ref name=KU2>{{Cite web |title=Sunnuntaivieras: Hipit ja etnonationalistit lyövät kättä Valta kuuluu kansalle –puolueessa, jossa suunnitellaan rinnakkaisyhteiskuntaa |
|||
|last=Gurbanov |first=Dmitry |work=Kansan Uutiset |quote=VKK:n ainoa sisäinen liima on tällä hetkellä koronapandemia. Sen takia puolue syntyi ja se on syy, miksi "kaikille rakkautta" -kristallihipit ja Jeesus-marssilla käyvät voivat toimia samassa puolueessa etnonationalistien kanssa...Aiheesta ja siihen suhtautumisesta saatiin pientä esimakua, kun VKK:n varapuheenjohtaja Jarno Vähäkainu kirjoitti avoimen antisemitistisiä twiittejä.|date=23 January 2022 |url=https://www.kansanuutiset.fi/artikkeli/4676900-sunnuntaivieras-hipit-ja-etnonationalistit-lyovat-katta-valta-kuuluu-kansalle-puolueessa-jossa-suunnitellaan-rinnakkaisyhteiskuntaa|language=fi}}</ref><ref name="HS">{{cite web |date=January 10, 2021 |title=Tapaus Turtiainen |url=https://www.hs.fi/sunnuntai/art-2000008449342.html |work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |quote=Vkk:n kenttä näyttää edustavan karkeasti neljää toisiinsa eri tavoin linkittyvää agendaa. Ilmeisesti suurin osa tukijäsenistä on liittynyt puolueeseen pandemiarajoituksia ja rokotteita vastustavista syistä. Niihin myös puoluejohdon puhe nyt keskittyy. Toinen agenda on jyrkkä maahanmuuttovastaisuus, jota Vkk:ssa edustavat erityisesti Jyväskylän paikallisosaston puheenjohtaja ja varapuheenjohtaja. Heistä ainakin toinen on Soldiers of Odinin entinen ydinjäsen ja molemmat Kansallismielisten liittouman entisiä vaikuttajia. Kolmas on yleinen järjestelmävastaisuus ja salaliittouskovaisuus, joka lähestyy ajatuksellisesti Yhdysvaltojen jyrkimpiä trumpilaisia piirejä. Neljäs on julistava ja arvokonservatiivinen kristillisyys.}}</ref> |
|||
| 0 |
|||
|Antti Asikainen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2021 |
|||
| <ref name="List" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ano Turtiaisen Valta kuuluu kansalle merkitty puoluerekisteriin |last=Koskinen |first=Mika |work=Iltalehti |date=2 September 2021 |access-date=6 September 2021 |url= https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/b00c0ff3-19ad-4a55-a570-7a4210a376c1 |language=fi }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Crystal Party}}" | |
|||
| [[Crystal Party]]<br/>''<small>Kristallipuolue</small>''<br/><small>''(Kristall Parti)''</small> |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" | ''{{party abbr|Kristall}}'' |
|||
| [[Spirituality]]<br />[[COVID-19 lockdowns|Anti-lockdown]] |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| Sanna Seesvalo |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2013 |
|||
| <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/><ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.outokummunseutu.fi/uutiset/oikaisut/item/2977-oikaisuja-11-6-2020-ja-18-6-2020| title = Oikaisuja 11.6.2020 ja 18.6.2020 | work = Outokummun Seutu | date = 2020-06-25 | access-date = 2021-05-09|language=fi}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! width="5px" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of Finland (1994)}}" | |
|||
|[[Communist Party of Finland (1994)|Communist Party of Finland]]<br />''<small>Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue</small>''<br />''<small>(Finlands Kommunistiska Parti)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|SKP}}'' |
|||
|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
| Liisa Taskinen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1994 |
|||
| <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: #FFB200" | |
|||
| [[The Open Party (Finland)|The Open Party]]<br />''<small>Avoin Puolue</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" | ''{{Party abbrev|AP}}'' |
|||
|[[Liberalism]]<br />[[Open government]] |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| Petrus Pennanen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2020 |
|||
| <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000006328521.html|title=Helsingin valtuustoon uusi yhden hengen ryhmä, perustajana Piraatit jättänyt Petrus Pennanen|work=Helsingin Sanomat|date=2019-12-02|access-date=2021-01-16|language=fi}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Freedom Alliance (Finland)}}" | |
|||
| [[Freedom Alliance (Finland)|Freedom Alliance]]<br /><small>''Vapauden liitto''</small> |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|VL}}'' |
|||
| [[Right-wing populism]]<br />[[National conservatism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
| Ossi Tiihonen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2022 |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Totuuspuolue}}" | |
|||
| [[Truth Party (Finland)|Truth Party]]<br /><small>''Totuuspuolue''</small> |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{Party abbrev|TP}}'' |
|||
| [[National conservatism]] <br />[[Russophilia]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
| Jaana Kavonius |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2023 |
|||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Uusi puolue nousemassa puoluerekisteriin – kritisoi ankarasti oikeuslaitosta ja virkakuntaa |last=Mattlar |first=Markus |work=Länsi-Uusimaa |date=11 April 2023 |access-date=27 April 2023 |url= https://www.lansi-uusimaa.fi/uutissuomalainen/5853914 |language=fi }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Totuuspuolue on merkitty puoluerekisteriin |last=Keski-Heikkilä |first=Anni |work=Helsingin Sanomat |date=26 April 2023 |access-date=27 April 2023 |url= https://www.hs.fi/politiikka/art-2000009545366.html |language=fi }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Party – Freedom to Choose}}" | |
|||
|[[Liberal Party – Freedom to Choose|Liberal Party]]<br />''<small>Liberaalipuolue</small>''<br />''<small>(Liberalpartiet)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|Lib}}'' |
|||
|[[Classical liberalism]]<br />[[Economic liberalism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
|Lassi Kivinen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2016 |
|||
| <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
|} |
|||
===De-registered=== |
|||
The parties listed below have previously held the status of a registered party, but have been de-registered. |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
! colspan="3" | Party |
|||
! Ideology |
|||
! [[City Councillor|CCs]] |
|||
! Leader |
|||
! Founded |
|||
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref|References}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Blue-and-Black Movement}}" | |
|||
| [[Blue-and-Black Movement]]<br /><small>''Sinimusta Liike''</small><br /> |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|SML}}'' |
|||
| [[Neo-fascism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
| Tuukka Kuru |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2021 |
|||
| <ref>{{Cite web |title=Finns Party splinter group dons colours of 1940s fascists |work=Yle News |date=13 January 2021 |access-date=8 June 2021 |url= https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/finns_party_splinter_group_dons_colours_of_1940s_fascists/11735369 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Entisten perussuomalaisten Sinimusta liike ei malttanut odottaa ministeriön päätöstä – aloitti kannattajakorttien keräämisen liian aikaisin |last=Lehtonen |first=Marko-Oskari |work=Iltalehti |date=4 February 2021 |access-date=8 June 2021 |url= https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/10300391-5f6e-455e-ab81-0ff076d496f6 |language=fi }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Blåsvarta rörelsen en tydlig referens till 30-talets finländska fascism |last=Pettersson |first=Tobias |work=Hufvudstadsbladet |date=22 January 2021 |access-date=19 September 2021 |url= https://www.hbl.fi/artikel/blasvarta-rorelsen-en-tydlig-referens-till-30-talets-finlandska-fascism/ |language=sv }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yle.fi/a/74-20085074|title = KHO: Fasistisen ja rasistisen sinimustan liikkeen puoluerekisteröinti on purettu|date = 23 April 2024}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Kansalaisliitto}}" | |
|||
|[[Kansalaisliitto]]<br />''<small>Kansalaisliitto</small>''<br />''<small>(Medborgarförbundet)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|Kansalaisliitto}}'' |
|||
|[[Direct democracy]]<br />[[Economic democracy]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
|Arto Paajanen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1994 |
|||
| <ref name=poistettu>{{Cite web |title=Yhdeksän puoluetta poistettu puoluerekisteristä |work=Oikeusministeriö |date=19 April 2023 |access-date=20 April 2023 |url= https://oikeusministerio.fi/-/yhdeksan-puoluetta-poistettu-puoluerekisterista-1 |language=fi }}</ref><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Pirate Party (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[Pirate Party (Finland)|Pirate Party]]<br />''<small>Piraattipuolue</small>''<br />''<small>(Piratpartiet)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|Pir}}'' |
|||
|[[Pirate politics]]<br />[[Social liberalism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
|Pekka Mustonen |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2008 |
|||
| <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Animal Justice Party of Finland}}" | |
|||
|[[Animal Justice Party of Finland|Animal Justice Party]]<br />''<small>Eläinoikeuspuolue</small>''<br />''<small>(Djurrättspartiet)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|Animal Justice Party of Finland}}'' |
|||
|[[Animal rights]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
|Tatu Chanth |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2016 |
|||
| <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Feminist Party (Finland)}}" | |
|||
| [[Feminist Party (Finland)|Feminist Party]]<br />''<small>Feministinen puolue</small>''<br />''<small>(Feministiska partiet)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|FP}}'' |
|||
|[[Feminism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
| Lauri Alhojärvi |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2016 |
|||
| <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism}}" | |
|||
|[[Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism|Communist Workers' Party]]<br />''<small>Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue</small>''<br />''<small>(Kommunistiska Arbetarpartiet)</small>'' |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism}}'' |
|||
|[[Communism]]<br />[[Marxism–Leninism]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
|Sanni Riihiaho |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |1988 |
|||
| <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/> |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color: {{party color|Change 2011}}" | |
|||
| [[Change 2011]]<br /><small>''Muutos 2011''</small><br /><small>''(Förändring 2011)''</small> |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |''{{party abbr|Change 2011}}'' |
|||
| [[Direct democracy]] |
|||
|0 |
|||
| |
|||
| valign="center" align="center" |2009 |
|||
| <ref name=Kielitoimisto/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/hirvisaari_perustaa_muutos_2011_-nimisen_eduskuntaryhman/6870577 |title=Hirvisaari perustaa Muutos 2011 -nimisen eduskuntaryhmän | Yle Uutiset |date=8 October 2013 |publisher=yle.fi |access-date=2013-12-23|language=fi}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
== Historical parties == |
|||
=== Parliamentary historical parties === |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
! colspan="2" | Party |
|||
! Founded |
|||
! Dissolved |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Finnish Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Finnish Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomalainen Puolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Finska Partiet}}</small> |
|||
|1863 |
|||
|1918 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Young Finnish Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Young Finnish Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Nuorsuomalainen Puolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Ungfinska Partiet}}</small> |
|||
|1894 |
|||
|1918 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Christian Workers' Union of Finland}}" | |
|||
|[[Christian Workers' Union of Finland]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Kristillisen Työväen Liitto}}, KTL<br />{{lang|sv|Kristliga Arbetarförbundet}}</small> |
|||
|1906 |
|||
|1922 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|People's Party (Finland, 1917)}}" | |
|||
|{{ill|People's Party (Finland, 1917)|fi|Kansanpuolue (maalaisten)|lt=People's Party}}<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Kansanpuolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Folkpartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1917 |
|||
|1918 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of Finland}}" | |
|||
|[[Communist Party of Finland]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue}}, SKP<br />{{lang|sv|Finlands Kommunistiska Parti}}, FKP</small> |
|||
|1918 |
|||
|1992 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|National Progressive Party (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[National Progressive Party (Finland)|National Progressive Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Kansallinen Edistyspuolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Framstegspartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1918 |
|||
|1951 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Liberal Swedish Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Liberal Swedish Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|sv|Svenska frisinnade partiet}}<br />{{lang|fi|Ruotsalainen vapaamielinen puolue}}</small> |
|||
|1919 |
|||
|1951 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Patriotic People's Movement}}" | |
|||
|[[Patriotic People's Movement]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Isänmaallinen kansanliike}}<br />{{lang|sv|Fosterländska folkrörelsen}}</small> |
|||
|1932 |
|||
|1944 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|People's Party (Finland, 1932)}}" | |
|||
|[[People's Party (Finland, 1932)|People's Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Kansanpuolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Folkpartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1932 |
|||
|1936 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Finnish People's Democratic League}}" | |
|||
|[[Finnish People's Democratic League]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Kansan Demokraattinen Liitto}}, SKDL<br />{{lang|sv|Demokratiska Förbundet för Finlands Folk}}, DFFF</small> |
|||
|1945 |
|||
|1990 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Liberal League (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[Liberal League (Finland)|Liberal League]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Vapaamielisten liitto}}<br />{{lang|sv|De Frisinnades Förbund}}</small> |
|||
|1951 |
|||
|1965 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Liberals (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[Liberals (Finland)|Liberals]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Liberaalit}}<br />{{lang|sv|Liberalerna}}</small> |
|||
|1965 |
|||
|2011 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Finnish People's Unity Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Finnish People's Unity Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Kansan Yhtenäisyyden Puolue}}, SKYP<br />{{lang|sv|Enhetspartiet för Finlands Folk}}, EFF</small> |
|||
|1972 |
|||
|1983 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Constitutional Right Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Constitutional Right Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Perustuslaillinen Oikeistopuolue}}, POP<br />{{lang|sv|Konstitutionella högerpartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1973 |
|||
|1992 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Alternative (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[Democratic Alternative (Finland)|Democratic Alternative]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Demokraattinen Vaihtoehto}}, Deva<br />{{lang|sv|Demokratiskt Alternativ}}, DA</small> |
|||
|1986 |
|||
|1990 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Kirjava ”Puolue” – Elonkehän Puolesta}}" | |
|||
|[[Kirjava ”Puolue” – Elonkehän Puolesta]]<br /><small>{{lang|sv|Det Eko-Brokiga Partiet}}</small> |
|||
|1988 |
|||
|2003 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|People's Party of Finland (1951)}}" | |
|||
|[[People's Party of Finland (1951)|People's Party of Finland]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Kansanpuolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Finska folkpartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1951 |
|||
|1965 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Reform Group (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[Reform Group (Finland)|Reform Group]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Remonttiryhmä}}<br />{{lang|sv|Reformgruppen}}</small> |
|||
|1998 |
|||
|2001 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Finnish Rural Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Finnish Rural Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Maaseudun Puolue}}, SMP<br />{{lang|sv|Finlands landsbygdsparti}}, FLP</small> |
|||
|1959 |
|||
|1995 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Small Farmers Party}}" | |
|||
|[[Small Farmers Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Pienviljelijäin Puolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Småbrukarpartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1936 |
|||
|1954 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Small Farmers' Party of Finland}}" | |
|||
|[[Small Farmers' Party of Finland]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Pienviljelijäin Puolue}}<br />{{lang|sv|Småbrukarpartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1929 |
|||
|1936 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders}}" | |
|||
|[[Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Sosialistinen työväen ja pienviljelijöiden vaalijärjestö}}, STPV<br />{{lang|sv|Finlands socialistiska arbetarparti}}</small> |
|||
|1924 |
|||
|1930 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Socialist Workers' Party of Finland}}" | |
|||
|[[Socialist Workers' Party of Finland]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Sosialistinen Työväenpuolue}}, SSTP<br />{{lang|sv|Finlands socialistiska arbetarparti}}</small> |
|||
|1920 |
|||
|1923 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Socialist Unity Party (Finland)}}" | |
|||
|[[Socialist Unity Party (Finland)|Socialist Unity Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Sosialistinen yhtenäisyyspuolue}}, SYP<br />{{lang|sv|Socialistiska enhetspartiet}}</small> |
|||
|1946 |
|||
|1955 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders}}" | |
|||
|[[Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Työväen ja Pienviljelijöiden Sosialidemokraattinen Liitto}}, TPSL<br />{{lang|sv|Arbetarnas och Småbrukarnas Socialdemokratiska Förbund}}, ASSF</small> |
|||
|1959 |
|||
|1973 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="background-color:{{party color|Young Finns}}" | |
|||
|[[Young Finns]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Nuorsuomalaiset}}<br />{{lang|sv|Ungfinnarna}}</small> |
|||
|1994 |
|||
|1999 |
|||
|} |
|||
=== Extra-parliamentary historical parties === |
|||
[[File:Piraattipuolueen ja Itsenäisyyspuolueen vaalikontit.jpg|thumb|Election campaign stations for the Pirate Party and Independence Party, Narinkka, Helsinki.]] |
|||
* {{ill|Swedish party|fi|Ruotsalainen puolue}} (''Ruotsalainen puolue'') 1870–1906 |
|||
* {{ill|Liberal party (Finland)|fi|Liberaalinen puolue|lt=Liberal party}} (''Liberaalinen puolue'') 1880–1885 |
|||
* {{ill|Finnish Active Resistance Party|fi|Suomen aktiivinen vastustuspuolue}} (''Suomen aktiivinen vastustuspuolue'') 1904–1908 |
|||
* [[National Workers' Party (Finland)|National Workers' Party]] (''Kansallinen Työväenpuolue'') 1917–? |
|||
* {{ill|Socialist Party of Work|fi|Sosialistinen Työpuolue}} (''Sosialistinen Työpuolue'') 1917–1919 |
|||
* {{ill|Peasant People's Party|fi|Talonpoikaiskansan puolue}} (''Talonpoikaiskansan puolue'') 1924–1933 |
|||
* {{ill|Farmers' Party (Finland)|fi|Maanviljelijäin puolue|lt=Farmers' Party}} (''Maanviljelijäin Puolue'') 1927–1929 |
|||
* [[United Front (Finnish party)|United Front]] (''Yhteisrintama'') 193?–1940 |
|||
* [[Party of Finnish Labor|New Finnish Party]] (''Uusi Suomalainen Puolue'') 1932–1945 |
|||
* [[National Socialist Union of Finland|Finnish Socialist Party]] (''Suomalaissosialistinen Puolue'') 1932–1937 |
|||
* [[Patriotic People's Party]] (''Isänmaallinen Kansanpuolue'') 1932–1933 |
|||
* [[Finnish People's Organisation]] (''Suomen Kansan Järjestö'') 1933–1936 |
|||
* [[Finnish-Socialist Workers' Party]] (''Suomalaissosialistinen Työväen Puolue'') 1934–1944 |
|||
* [[Finnish Labor Front]] (''Suomen Työrintama'') 1936–1939 |
|||
* [[Party of Finnish National Work]] (''Suomalais-Kansallisen Työn Puolue'') 1939–? |
|||
* [[Finnish National Socialist Labor Organisation]] (''Suomen Kansallissosialistinen Työväenpuolue'') 1940–1943 |
|||
* [[Neo-Socialist Party]] (''Uus-sosialistinen puolue'') 1940–1945 |
|||
* [[Organisation of National Socialists]] (''Kansallissosialistien Järjestö'') 1940–1944 |
|||
* [[National Socialists of Finland]] (''Suomen Kansallissosialistit'') 1941–1944 |
|||
* [[Radical People's Party (Finland)|Radical People's Party]] (''Radikaalinen Kansanpuolue'') 1944–1951 |
|||
* {{ill|Independent Middle Class|fi|Itsenäinen Keskiluokka}} (''Itsenäinen keskiluokka'') 1949–1951 |
|||
* [[Finnish People's Party]] (''Suomalainen kansanpuolue'') 1950s |
|||
* [[Independence Party (Finland, 1960s)|Independence Party]] (''Itsenäisyyspuolue'') 1960s |
|||
* {{ill|Party Organisation of Finnish Entrepreneurs|fi|Suomen Yksityisyrittäjäin Puolue}} (''Suomen Yksityisyrittäjäin Puoluejärjestö'') 1972–1979 |
|||
* [[Socialist Workers Party (Finland)|Socialist Workers' Party]] (''Sosialistinen Työväenpuolue'') 1973–1990 |
|||
* {{ill|Pensioners' Party of Finland|fi|Suomen Eläkeläisten Puolue}} (''Suomen Eläkeläisten Puolue'') 1985–1999 |
|||
* {{ill|Joint Responsibility Party|fi|Yhteisvastuu puolue}} (''Yhteisvastuu puolue'') 1987–2007 |
|||
* {{ill|Senior Citizens' Party of Finland|fi|Suomen Senioripuolue}} (''Suomen Senioripuolue'') 1990–2014 |
|||
* {{ill|Women's Party (Finland)|fi|Naisten puolue|lt=Women's Party}} (''Naisten puolue'') 1990–1995 |
|||
* {{ill|Party of Humanity|fi|Ihmisyydenpuolue}} (''Ihmisyydenpuolue'') 1991–1995 |
|||
* [[Finnish People's Blue-whites]] (''Suomen Kansan Sinivalkoiset'', SKS) 1993–2010 |
|||
* {{ill|Finland - Fatherland|fi|Suomi - Isänmaa}} (''Suomi - Isänmaa'') 1993–2007 |
|||
* {{ill|Natural Law Party (Finland)|fi|Luonnonlain puolue|lt=Natural Law Party}} (''Luonnonlain puolue'') 1994–2001 |
|||
* [[Workers' Party of Finland]] (''Suomen Työväenpuolue'') 1999–2018 |
|||
* [[Forces for Change in Finland]] (''Muutosvoimat Suomi'') 2002–2007 |
|||
* [[For the Poor]] (''Köyhien Asialla'') 2002–2015 |
|||
* [[Blue and White Front]] (''Sinivalkoinen Rintama'') 2009–2015 |
|||
* [[Citizens' Party (Finland)]] (''Kansalaispuolue'') 2016–2022 |
|||
* [[Finnish Reform Movement]] (''Korjausliike'') 2017–2023 |
|||
* [[Seven Star Movement]] (''Seitsemän tähden liike'') 2017–2023 |
|||
* [[Finnish People First]] (''Suomen Kansa Ensin'') 2018–2023 |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[Index of political parties]] to browse parties by name |
|||
* [[List of political parties]] to browse parties by country |
|||
* [[List of political parties by ideology]] to browse parties by name |
|||
* [[List of political parties by ideology#Trans-national world groupings and parties|Membership of internationals]] to browse parties by membership of internationals |
|||
*[[List of political parties in Åland|Political parties in Åland]]. |
|||
*[[Parliament of Finland]] |
|||
*[[Government of Finland]] |
|||
*[[President of Finland]] |
|||
*[[Elections in Finland]] |
|||
* [[Parliament of Finland]] |
|||
{{Europe in topic|List of political parties in}} |
|||
* [[Government of Finland]] |
|||
* [[President of Finland]] |
|||
* [[Elections in Finland]] |
|||
* [[Politics of Finland]] |
|||
* [[List of political parties in Åland]] |
|||
* [[List of ruling political parties by country]] |
|||
== References == |
|||
[[Category:Lists of political parties|Finland]] |
|||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
[[Category:Political parties in Finland| ]] |
|||
==External links== |
|||
[[es:Partidos políticos de Finlandia]] |
|||
* [http://www.nsd.uib.no/european_election_database/country/finland/parties.html NSD: European Election Database - Political parties of Finland] |
|||
[[gl:Partidos políticos de Finlandia]] |
|||
[[fi:Luettelo Suomen puolueista]] |
|||
{{Finnish political parties|state=uncollapsed}} |
|||
[[sv:Lista över politiska partier i Finland]] |
|||
{{Finland topics}} |
|||
{{List of political parties in Europe}} |
|||
[[Category:Lists of political parties by country|Finland]] |
|||
[[Category:Political parties in Finland| ]] |
|||
[[Category:Finland politics-related lists|Political parties]] |
|||
[[Category:Lists of organisations based in Finland|Political parties]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 18:59, 16 June 2024
 |
|---|
This article is a list of political parties in Finland, which includes Finland’s national-level political parties and excludes local and provincial parties (such as the parties of Åland). A party is defined as a political association whose existence is recorded in the Ministry of Justice’s party register.[1]
Finland has a multi-party system. Coalition governments which comprise a majority of seats in the Parliament of Finland are the norm. Those parties which are not in government are called the opposition. Due to the lack of an electoral threshold, many parties are usually represented in Parliament. As a result, it is all but impossible for one party to win a majority. Additionally, the socialist and non-socialist blocs usually cannot win enough seats between them to form a governing coalition on their own. Most Finnish governments, particularly since World War II, have thus been grand coalitions comprising parties stretching across the political spectrum.
Parties work in parliamentary groups (eduskuntaryhmät), usually voting with party discipline, which is however not absolute.
Parties are composed of local chapters based in municipalities. In municipalities, which are fundamental administrative units of the country, parties hold seats in the municipal councils, but often have to compete for them with local non-party groups.
Finnish law states that a political association which fulfills certain conditions is eligible to become a political party free of charge.[1] Among these conditions are:
- that the primary purpose of the association is to affect governmental affairs,
- that it has received at least 5,000 votes in any parliamentary, municipal, or European Parliament election,
- that the association's rules secure the following of democratic principles in its decision making and activities,
- and that it has a general program based on these rules which expresses the association's principles and goals regarding its actions in governmental affairs.
A registered party may nominate candidates in any national and local elections, and a party that is represented in parliament is entitled to a government subsidy relative to its number of seats. To qualify as a registered party, an association must have bylaws guaranteeing democratic internal organization and must be able to present 5,000 signatures from supporters who are eligible to vote. A party that fails to win a single seat in two consecutive parliamentary elections is stricken from the register but may apply again. (In contrast, a voluntary association has a requirement of 20,000 supporters and is not eligible for party subsidy).
Parliamentary parties
[edit]| Party | Ideology | MPs | MEPs | CCs | Leader | Founded | Ref | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
National Coalition Party Kansallinen Kokoomus (Samlingspartiet) |
Finnish: Kok Swedish: Saml |
Liberal conservatism | 48 / 200
|
4 / 15
|
1,552 / 8,859
|
Petteri Orpo | 1918 | [2][3][4] | |
 |
Finns Party Perussuomalaiset (Sannfinländarna) |
Finnish: PS Swedish: Sannf |
National conservatism Right-wing populism |
45 / 200
|
1 / 15
|
1,351 / 8,859
|
Riikka Purra | 1995 | [2][3][4][5] | |
 |
Social Democratic Party Sosialidemokraatit (Socialdemokraterna) |
SDP SD |
Social democracy | 43 / 200
|
2 / 15
|
1,451 / 8,859
|
Antti Lindtman | 1899 | [2][3][4] | |
 |
Centre Party Suomen Keskusta (Centern i Finland) |
Finnish: Kesk Swedish: C |
Agrarianism (Nordic) Liberalism |
23 / 200
|
2 / 15
|
2,445 / 8,859
|
Antti Kaikkonen | 1906 | [2][3][4][6] | |
 |
Green League Vihreä liitto (Gröna förbundet) (Ruoná lihttu) (Ruánáá litto) (Ruânn lett) |
Vihr | Green politics Green liberalism |
13 / 200
|
2 / 15
|
433 / 8,859
|
Sofia Virta | 1987 | [2][3][4] | |
 |
Left Alliance Vasemmistoliitto (Vänsterförbundet) |
Finnish: Vas Swedish: VF |
Democratic socialism Eco-socialism |
11 / 200
|
3 / 15
|
508 / 8,859
|
Li Andersson | 1990 | [2][3][4] | |
 |
Swedish People's Party Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue (Svenska folkpartiet) |
Swedish: SFP Finnish: RKP R |
Liberalism Swedish-speaking minority interests |
9 / 200
|
1 / 15
|
463 / 8,859
|
Anders Adlercreutz | 1906 | [2][3][4][7] | |
 |
Christian Democrats Kristillisdemokraatit (Kristdemokraterna) |
KD | Christian democracy Social conservatism |
5 / 200
|
0 / 15
|
311 / 8,859
|
Sari Essayah | 1958 | [2][3][4] | |
 |
Movement Now Liike Nyt (Rörelse Nu) |
Finnish: Liik Swedish: RN |
Economic liberalism | 1 / 200
|
0 / 15
|
49 / 8,859
|
Harry Harkimo | 2018 | [8][9][10][11] | |
Extra-parliamentary parties
[edit]Registered
[edit]Those parties that have received neither a seat in the Parliament of Finland nor in the European Parliament, but which are registered political parties, are listed below.
| Party | Ideology | CCs | Leader | Founded | Ref | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Power Belongs to the People Valta kuuluu kansalle |
VKK | Finnish ultranationalism Vaccine hesitancy[12][13] |
0 | Antti Asikainen | 2021 | [2][4][14] | |
| Crystal Party Kristallipuolue (Kristall Parti) |
Kristall | Spirituality Anti-lockdown |
0 | Sanna Seesvalo | 2013 | [2][3][4][15] | |
| Communist Party of Finland Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue (Finlands Kommunistiska Parti) |
SKP | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
0 | Liisa Taskinen | 1994 | [2][3][4] | |
| The Open Party Avoin Puolue |
AP | Liberalism Open government |
0 | Petrus Pennanen | 2020 | [2][3][4][16] | |
| Freedom Alliance Vapauden liitto |
VL | Right-wing populism National conservatism |
0 | Ossi Tiihonen | 2022 | ||
| Truth Party Totuuspuolue |
TP | National conservatism Russophilia |
0 | Jaana Kavonius | 2023 | [17][18] | |
| Liberal Party Liberaalipuolue (Liberalpartiet) |
Lib | Classical liberalism Economic liberalism |
0 | Lassi Kivinen | 2016 | [19][2][3][4] | |
De-registered
[edit]The parties listed below have previously held the status of a registered party, but have been de-registered.
| Party | Ideology | CCs | Leader | Founded | Ref | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blue-and-Black Movement Sinimusta Liike |
SML | Neo-fascism | 0 | Tuukka Kuru | 2021 | [20][21][22][23] | |
| Kansalaisliitto Kansalaisliitto (Medborgarförbundet) |
KaL | Direct democracy Economic democracy |
0 | Arto Paajanen | 1994 | [19][2][3][4] | |
| Pirate Party Piraattipuolue (Piratpartiet) |
Pir | Pirate politics Social liberalism |
0 | Pekka Mustonen | 2008 | [19][2][3][4] | |
| Animal Justice Party Eläinoikeuspuolue (Djurrättspartiet) |
EOP | Animal rights | 0 | Tatu Chanth | 2016 | [19][2][3][4] | |
| Feminist Party Feministinen puolue (Feministiska partiet) |
FP | Feminism | 0 | Lauri Alhojärvi | 2016 | [19][2][3][4] | |
| Communist Workers' Party Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue (Kommunistiska Arbetarpartiet) |
KTP | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
0 | Sanni Riihiaho | 1988 | [2][3][4] | |
| Change 2011 Muutos 2011 (Förändring 2011) |
M11 | Direct democracy | 0 | 2009 | [4][24] | ||
Historical parties
[edit]Parliamentary historical parties
[edit]| Party | Founded | Dissolved | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish Party Suomalainen Puolue Finska Partiet |
1863 | 1918 | |
| Young Finnish Party Nuorsuomalainen Puolue Ungfinska Partiet |
1894 | 1918 | |
| Christian Workers' Union of Finland Suomen Kristillisen Työväen Liitto, KTL Kristliga Arbetarförbundet |
1906 | 1922 | |
| People's Party Kansanpuolue Folkpartiet |
1917 | 1918 | |
| Communist Party of Finland Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue, SKP Finlands Kommunistiska Parti, FKP |
1918 | 1992 | |
| National Progressive Party Kansallinen Edistyspuolue Framstegspartiet |
1918 | 1951 | |
| Liberal Swedish Party Svenska frisinnade partiet Ruotsalainen vapaamielinen puolue |
1919 | 1951 | |
| Patriotic People's Movement Isänmaallinen kansanliike Fosterländska folkrörelsen |
1932 | 1944 | |
| People's Party Kansanpuolue Folkpartiet |
1932 | 1936 | |
| Finnish People's Democratic League Suomen Kansan Demokraattinen Liitto, SKDL Demokratiska Förbundet för Finlands Folk, DFFF |
1945 | 1990 | |
| Liberal League Vapaamielisten liitto De Frisinnades Förbund |
1951 | 1965 | |
| Liberals Liberaalit Liberalerna |
1965 | 2011 | |
| Finnish People's Unity Party Suomen Kansan Yhtenäisyyden Puolue, SKYP Enhetspartiet för Finlands Folk, EFF |
1972 | 1983 | |
| Constitutional Right Party Perustuslaillinen Oikeistopuolue, POP Konstitutionella högerpartiet |
1973 | 1992 | |
| Democratic Alternative Demokraattinen Vaihtoehto, Deva Demokratiskt Alternativ, DA |
1986 | 1990 | |
| Kirjava ”Puolue” – Elonkehän Puolesta Det Eko-Brokiga Partiet |
1988 | 2003 | |
| People's Party of Finland Suomen Kansanpuolue Finska folkpartiet |
1951 | 1965 | |
| Reform Group Remonttiryhmä Reformgruppen |
1998 | 2001 | |
| Finnish Rural Party Suomen Maaseudun Puolue, SMP Finlands landsbygdsparti, FLP |
1959 | 1995 | |
| Small Farmers Party Pienviljelijäin Puolue Småbrukarpartiet |
1936 | 1954 | |
| Small Farmers' Party of Finland Suomen Pienviljelijäin Puolue Småbrukarpartiet |
1929 | 1936 | |
| Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders Sosialistinen työväen ja pienviljelijöiden vaalijärjestö, STPV Finlands socialistiska arbetarparti |
1924 | 1930 | |
| Socialist Workers' Party of Finland Suomen Sosialistinen Työväenpuolue, SSTP Finlands socialistiska arbetarparti |
1920 | 1923 | |
| Socialist Unity Party Sosialistinen yhtenäisyyspuolue, SYP Socialistiska enhetspartiet |
1946 | 1955 | |
| Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders Työväen ja Pienviljelijöiden Sosialidemokraattinen Liitto, TPSL Arbetarnas och Småbrukarnas Socialdemokratiska Förbund, ASSF |
1959 | 1973 | |
| Young Finns Nuorsuomalaiset Ungfinnarna |
1994 | 1999 | |
Extra-parliamentary historical parties
[edit]
- Swedish party (Ruotsalainen puolue) 1870–1906
- Liberal party (Liberaalinen puolue) 1880–1885
- Finnish Active Resistance Party (Suomen aktiivinen vastustuspuolue) 1904–1908
- National Workers' Party (Kansallinen Työväenpuolue) 1917–?
- Socialist Party of Work (Sosialistinen Työpuolue) 1917–1919
- Peasant People's Party (Talonpoikaiskansan puolue) 1924–1933
- Farmers' Party (Maanviljelijäin Puolue) 1927–1929
- United Front (Yhteisrintama) 193?–1940
- New Finnish Party (Uusi Suomalainen Puolue) 1932–1945
- Finnish Socialist Party (Suomalaissosialistinen Puolue) 1932–1937
- Patriotic People's Party (Isänmaallinen Kansanpuolue) 1932–1933
- Finnish People's Organisation (Suomen Kansan Järjestö) 1933–1936
- Finnish-Socialist Workers' Party (Suomalaissosialistinen Työväen Puolue) 1934–1944
- Finnish Labor Front (Suomen Työrintama) 1936–1939
- Party of Finnish National Work (Suomalais-Kansallisen Työn Puolue) 1939–?
- Finnish National Socialist Labor Organisation (Suomen Kansallissosialistinen Työväenpuolue) 1940–1943
- Neo-Socialist Party (Uus-sosialistinen puolue) 1940–1945
- Organisation of National Socialists (Kansallissosialistien Järjestö) 1940–1944
- National Socialists of Finland (Suomen Kansallissosialistit) 1941–1944
- Radical People's Party (Radikaalinen Kansanpuolue) 1944–1951
- Independent Middle Class (Itsenäinen keskiluokka) 1949–1951
- Finnish People's Party (Suomalainen kansanpuolue) 1950s
- Independence Party (Itsenäisyyspuolue) 1960s
- Party Organisation of Finnish Entrepreneurs (Suomen Yksityisyrittäjäin Puoluejärjestö) 1972–1979
- Socialist Workers' Party (Sosialistinen Työväenpuolue) 1973–1990
- Pensioners' Party of Finland (Suomen Eläkeläisten Puolue) 1985–1999
- Joint Responsibility Party (Yhteisvastuu puolue) 1987–2007
- Senior Citizens' Party of Finland (Suomen Senioripuolue) 1990–2014
- Women's Party (Naisten puolue) 1990–1995
- Party of Humanity (Ihmisyydenpuolue) 1991–1995
- Finnish People's Blue-whites (Suomen Kansan Sinivalkoiset, SKS) 1993–2010
- Finland - Fatherland (Suomi - Isänmaa) 1993–2007
- Natural Law Party (Luonnonlain puolue) 1994–2001
- Workers' Party of Finland (Suomen Työväenpuolue) 1999–2018
- Forces for Change in Finland (Muutosvoimat Suomi) 2002–2007
- For the Poor (Köyhien Asialla) 2002–2015
- Blue and White Front (Sinivalkoinen Rintama) 2009–2015
- Citizens' Party (Finland) (Kansalaispuolue) 2016–2022
- Finnish Reform Movement (Korjausliike) 2017–2023
- Seven Star Movement (Seitsemän tähden liike) 2017–2023
- Finnish People First (Suomen Kansa Ensin) 2018–2023
See also
[edit]- Parliament of Finland
- Government of Finland
- President of Finland
- Elections in Finland
- Politics of Finland
- List of political parties in Åland
- List of ruling political parties by country
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Puoluelaki 10/1969" [Party Law 10/1969]. www.finlex.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "List of Registered Parties". Vaalit.fi. Ministry of Justice. 2 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Rekisteröidyt puolueet". Vaalit.fi (in Finnish). Ministry of Justice. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Puolueiden nimet ja lyhenteet". Kielitoimiston ohjepankki (in Finnish). 6 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ "Purra: Vornasen ja Hakkaraisen erottamisen syyt "kaikille selvät" – Hakkarainen: perussuomalaisista on tullut kokoomuksen "beagle"". Yle (in Finnish). 13 May 2024.
- ^ "Centre Party picks Kaikkonen as new leader, NCP re-elects Orpo". yle. yle.fi. 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
- ^ "Swedish People's Party elects Adlercreutz as new chair after Wickström drops out of race". yle. yle.fi. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ "Här är listan på alla som är med i Harkimos nya rörelse". Hufvudstadsbladet (in Swedish). 23 April 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ Ijäs, Johannes (27 April 2018). "Harkimo (liik) siirretään perussuomalaisten ja keskustan väliin takariviin". Demokraatti (in Finnish). Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ Karkkola, Minna (7 May 2018). "Tutkija löysi paradoksin Hjallis Harkimon liikkeestä: 'Saadaanko tavoitteella tismalleen päinvastainen lopputulos?'". Uusi Suomi (in Finnish). Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ Räsänen, Jukka-Pekka (21 April 2018). "Nimet julki: he ovat Liike Nytin taustalla". Savon Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ Gurbanov, Dmitry (23 January 2022). "Sunnuntaivieras: Hipit ja etnonationalistit lyövät kättä Valta kuuluu kansalle –puolueessa, jossa suunnitellaan rinnakkaisyhteiskuntaa". Kansan Uutiset (in Finnish).
VKK:n ainoa sisäinen liima on tällä hetkellä koronapandemia. Sen takia puolue syntyi ja se on syy, miksi "kaikille rakkautta" -kristallihipit ja Jeesus-marssilla käyvät voivat toimia samassa puolueessa etnonationalistien kanssa...Aiheesta ja siihen suhtautumisesta saatiin pientä esimakua, kun VKK:n varapuheenjohtaja Jarno Vähäkainu kirjoitti avoimen antisemitistisiä twiittejä.
- ^ "Tapaus Turtiainen". Helsingin Sanomat. 10 January 2021.
Vkk:n kenttä näyttää edustavan karkeasti neljää toisiinsa eri tavoin linkittyvää agendaa. Ilmeisesti suurin osa tukijäsenistä on liittynyt puolueeseen pandemiarajoituksia ja rokotteita vastustavista syistä. Niihin myös puoluejohdon puhe nyt keskittyy. Toinen agenda on jyrkkä maahanmuuttovastaisuus, jota Vkk:ssa edustavat erityisesti Jyväskylän paikallisosaston puheenjohtaja ja varapuheenjohtaja. Heistä ainakin toinen on Soldiers of Odinin entinen ydinjäsen ja molemmat Kansallismielisten liittouman entisiä vaikuttajia. Kolmas on yleinen järjestelmävastaisuus ja salaliittouskovaisuus, joka lähestyy ajatuksellisesti Yhdysvaltojen jyrkimpiä trumpilaisia piirejä. Neljäs on julistava ja arvokonservatiivinen kristillisyys.
- ^ Koskinen, Mika (2 September 2021). "Ano Turtiaisen Valta kuuluu kansalle merkitty puoluerekisteriin". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ "Oikaisuja 11.6.2020 ja 18.6.2020". Outokummun Seutu (in Finnish). 25 June 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Helsingin valtuustoon uusi yhden hengen ryhmä, perustajana Piraatit jättänyt Petrus Pennanen". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 2 December 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
- ^ Mattlar, Markus (11 April 2023). "Uusi puolue nousemassa puoluerekisteriin – kritisoi ankarasti oikeuslaitosta ja virkakuntaa". Länsi-Uusimaa (in Finnish). Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ Keski-Heikkilä, Anni (26 April 2023). "Totuuspuolue on merkitty puoluerekisteriin". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "Yhdeksän puoluetta poistettu puoluerekisteristä". Oikeusministeriö (in Finnish). 19 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
- ^ "Finns Party splinter group dons colours of 1940s fascists". Yle News. 13 January 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
- ^ Lehtonen, Marko-Oskari (4 February 2021). "Entisten perussuomalaisten Sinimusta liike ei malttanut odottaa ministeriön päätöstä – aloitti kannattajakorttien keräämisen liian aikaisin". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 8 June 2021.
- ^ Pettersson, Tobias (22 January 2021). "Blåsvarta rörelsen en tydlig referens till 30-talets finländska fascism". Hufvudstadsbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved 19 September 2021.
- ^ "KHO: Fasistisen ja rasistisen sinimustan liikkeen puoluerekisteröinti on purettu". 23 April 2024.
- ^ "Hirvisaari perustaa Muutos 2011 -nimisen eduskuntaryhmän | Yle Uutiset" (in Finnish). yle.fi. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 23 December 2013.