Platyceratidae: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Extinct family of gastropods}} |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
{{Automatic taxobox |
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| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Middle Ordovician|Permian|latest=Triassic|ref=<ref name="Wagner2004">{{Cite journal| last=Wagner| first=P. J.| year=2004| title=Phylogenetic Relationships of the Earliest Anisostrophically Coiled Gastropods| journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology| doi=10.5479/si.00810266.88.1| url=http://si-pddr.si.edu/dspace/handle/10088/| volume=88| pages=1–152| issue=<!--88-->}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Sutton2006">{{Cite journal | last1 = Sutton | first1 = M. D. | last2 = Briggs | first2 = D. E. G. | last3 = Siveter | first3 = D. J. | last4 = Siveter | first4 = D. J. | title = Fossilized soft tissues in a Silurian platyceratid gastropod | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2005.3403 | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | volume = 273 | issue = 1590 | pages = |
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Middle Ordovician|Permian|latest=Triassic|ref=<ref name="Wagner2004">{{Cite journal| last=Wagner| first=P. J.| year=2004| title=Phylogenetic Relationships of the Earliest Anisostrophically Coiled Gastropods| journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology| doi=10.5479/si.00810266.88.1| url=http://si-pddr.si.edu/dspace/handle/10088/| volume=88| pages=1–152| issue=<!--88-->}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Sutton2006">{{Cite journal | last1 = Sutton | first1 = M. D. | last2 = Briggs | first2 = D. E. G. | last3 = Siveter | first3 = D. J. | last4 = Siveter | first4 = D. J. | title = Fossilized soft tissues in a Silurian platyceratid gastropod | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2005.3403 | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | volume = 273 | issue = 1590 | pages = 1039–1044 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16600878| pmc = 1560260}}</ref>}} |
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| image = PlatyceratidMississippian.JPG |
| image = PlatyceratidMississippian.JPG |
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| image_caption = Conical platyceratid gastropod (''[[Palaeocapulus acutirostre]]'') attached to a crinoid (Mississippian of Ohio) |
| image_caption = Conical platyceratid gastropod (''[[Palaeocapulus acutirostre]]'') attached to a crinoid (Mississippian of Ohio) |
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'''Platyceratidae''' is an [[extinct]] [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Paleozoic]] [[sea snail]]s, marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]]s. This family may belong in the Patellogastropoda or the [[Neritimorpha]].<ref name="Sutton2006" /> |
'''Platyceratidae''' is an [[extinct]] [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Paleozoic]] [[sea snail]]s, marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]]s. This family may belong in the Patellogastropoda or the [[Neritimorpha]].<ref name="Sutton2006" /> |
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Platyceratids are known for the complex [[symbiotic]] relationships they had with [[crinoids]].<ref name= |
Platyceratids are known for the complex [[symbiotic]] relationships they had with [[crinoids]].<ref name= |
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Baumiller2003>{{cite journal | last1 = Baumiller | first1 = T. K. | year = 2003 | title = Evaluating the interaction between platyceratid gastropods and crinoids; a cost-benefit approach | journal = [[Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology]] | volume = 201 | issue = 3–4| pages = 199–209 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00625-4 | bibcode = 2003PPP...201..199B }}</ref> Platyceratids are thought to have been [[parasitic]] on crinoids, either drilling into the stomach to steal the crinoid's food in a form of [[kleptoparasitism]] or drilling into the anal sac to feed on the [[gonads]] or the hindgut.<ref name=Baumiller2003 |
Baumiller2003>{{cite journal | last1 = Baumiller | first1 = T. K. | year = 2003 | title = Evaluating the interaction between platyceratid gastropods and crinoids; a cost-benefit approach | journal = [[Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology]] | volume = 201 | issue = 3–4| pages = 199–209 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00625-4 | bibcode = 2003PPP...201..199B }}</ref> Platyceratids are thought to have been [[parasitic]] on crinoids, either drilling into the stomach to steal the crinoid's food in a form of [[kleptoparasitism]] or drilling into the anal sac to feed on the [[gonads]] or the hindgut.<ref name=Baumiller2003 /><ref name=Syverson2018 /> Previous authors have suggested that platyceratids were [[commensalism|commensalists]] which fed on crinoid fecal matter without harming the crinoid, but more recent studies have shown that platyceratids did have a negative effect on their crinoid hosts as would be expected if they were actively parasitic.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rollins |first1=Harold B. |last2=Brezkinski |first2=David K. |title=Reinterpretation of crinoid-platyceratid interaction |journal=Lethaia |date=9 October 2007 |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=207–217 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.1988.tb02072.x}}</ref> It has been suggested that the large spines present on many species of crinoids served to deter predators who might damage or harm the crinoid in an effort to feed on the platyceratid snails infesting it.<ref name=Syverson2018>{{cite journal |last1=Syverson |first1=Valerie J. P. |last2=Brett |first2=Carlton E. |last3=Gahn |first3=Forest J. |last4=Baumiller |first4=Tomasz K. |title=Spinosity, regeneration, and targeting among Paleozoic crinoids and their predators |journal=Paleobiology |date=21 March 2018 |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=290–305 |doi=10.1017/pab.2017.38|doi-access=free |bibcode=2018Pbio...44..290S }}</ref> |
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This is the only family in the superfamily '''Platyceratoidea'''. |
This is the only family in the superfamily '''Platyceratoidea'''. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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[[File:Crinoid with platyceratid (cross-section).JPG|thumb|left|Cross-section of a Lower Carboniferous crinoid with an ''in situ'' parasitic platyceratid gastropod.]] |
[[File:Crinoid with platyceratid (cross-section).JPG|thumb|left|Cross-section of a Lower Carboniferous crinoid with an ''in situ'' parasitic platyceratid gastropod.]] |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q7202561}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7202561}} |
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Latest revision as of 13:41, 28 February 2024
| Platyceratidae Temporal range:
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| Conical platyceratid gastropod (Palaeocapulus acutirostre) attached to a crinoid (Mississippian of Ohio) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Superfamily: | †Platyceratoidea Hall, 1879 |
| Family: | †Platyceratidae Hall, 1879 |
Platyceratidae is an extinct family of Paleozoic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family may belong in the Patellogastropoda or the Neritimorpha.[2]
Platyceratids are known for the complex symbiotic relationships they had with crinoids.[3] Platyceratids are thought to have been parasitic on crinoids, either drilling into the stomach to steal the crinoid's food in a form of kleptoparasitism or drilling into the anal sac to feed on the gonads or the hindgut.[3][4] Previous authors have suggested that platyceratids were commensalists which fed on crinoid fecal matter without harming the crinoid, but more recent studies have shown that platyceratids did have a negative effect on their crinoid hosts as would be expected if they were actively parasitic.[5] It has been suggested that the large spines present on many species of crinoids served to deter predators who might damage or harm the crinoid in an effort to feed on the platyceratid snails infesting it.[4]
This is the only family in the superfamily Platyceratoidea.
Genera[edit]
- Platyceras Conrad, 1840 - type genus
- Palaeocapulus Grabau & Shimer, 1909
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Platyceratidae.
- ^ Wagner, P. J. (2004). "Phylogenetic Relationships of the Earliest Anisostrophically Coiled Gastropods". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 88: 1–152. doi:10.5479/si.00810266.88.1.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Sutton, M. D.; Briggs, D. E. G.; Siveter, D. J.; Siveter, D. J. (2006). "Fossilized soft tissues in a Silurian platyceratid gastropod". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 273 (1590): 1039–1044. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3403. PMC 1560260. PMID 16600878.
- ^ a b Baumiller, T. K. (2003). "Evaluating the interaction between platyceratid gastropods and crinoids; a cost-benefit approach". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 201 (3–4): 199–209. Bibcode:2003PPP...201..199B. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00625-4.
- ^ a b Syverson, Valerie J. P.; Brett, Carlton E.; Gahn, Forest J.; Baumiller, Tomasz K. (21 March 2018). "Spinosity, regeneration, and targeting among Paleozoic crinoids and their predators". Paleobiology. 44 (2): 290–305. Bibcode:2018Pbio...44..290S. doi:10.1017/pab.2017.38.
- ^ Rollins, Harold B.; Brezkinski, David K. (9 October 2007). "Reinterpretation of crinoid-platyceratid interaction". Lethaia. 21 (3): 207–217. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1988.tb02072.x.
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