Strike fighter: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Multirole combat aircraft}} |
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{{distinguish|text="strike aircraft", an alternative term for an [[attack aircraft]]}} |
{{distinguish|text="strike aircraft", an alternative term for an [[attack aircraft]]}} |
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{{For|the video game called Strike Fighter|After Burner III}} |
{{For|the video game called Strike Fighter|After Burner III}} |
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[[File:F-15E gbu-28 release.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A [[USAF]] [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle|F-15E Strike Eagle]] dropping a [[GBU-28]] precision guided bomb.]] |
[[File:F-15E gbu-28 release.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A [[USAF]] [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle|F-15E Strike Eagle]] dropping a [[GBU-28]] precision guided bomb.]] |
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In current military parlance, a '''strike fighter''' is a [[multirole combat aircraft]] designed to operate |
In current military parlance, a '''strike fighter''' is a [[multirole combat aircraft]] designed to operate both as an [[attack aircraft]] and as an [[air superiority fighter]]. As a category, it is distinct from [[fighter-bomber]]s, and is closely related to the concept of [[Interdictor|interdictor aircraft]], although it puts more emphasis on [[aerial combat]] capabilities. |
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Examples of notable contemporary strike fighters are the American [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle]], [[Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet]] and [[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II]], the Russian [[Sukhoi Su-34]], and the Chinese [[Shenyang J-16]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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| ⚫ | Beginning in the 1940s, the term "strike fighter" was occasionally used in navies to refer to [[fighter aircraft]] capable of performing [[air strike|air-to-surface strike]]s, such as the [[Westland Wyvern]],<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Zi82AQAAIAAJ&q=%22Strike+fighter%22&dq=%22Strike+fighter%22 "Aerospace Engineering, Volume 6."] ''Institute of the Aerospace Sciences'', 1947.</ref> [[Blackburn Firebrand]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=UHjmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Strike+fighter%22&dq=%22Strike+fighter%22 ''The Aeroplane: Volume 75,'' 1948.]</ref> and [[Blackburn Firecrest]]. |
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[[File:Blackburn TF Mk. IV.jpg|thumb|Firebrand TF Mk. IV]] |
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| ⚫ | Beginning in the 1940s, the term "strike fighter" was occasionally used in navies to refer to [[fighter aircraft]] capable of performing [[air strike|air-to-surface strike]]s, such as the [[Westland Wyvern]],<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Zi82AQAAIAAJ&q=%22Strike+fighter%22&dq=%22Strike+fighter%22 "Aerospace Engineering, Volume 6."] ''Institute of the Aerospace Sciences, 1947.</ref> [[Blackburn Firebrand]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=UHjmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Strike+fighter%22&dq=%22Strike+fighter%22 ''The Aeroplane: Volume 75,'' 1948.]</ref> and [[Blackburn Firecrest]]. |
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The term "light weight tactical strike fighter (LWTSF)" was used to describe the aircraft to meet the December 1953 NATO specification [[NBMR-1]].<ref>{{cite book| last1=Angelucci| first1=Enzo| last2=Matricardi| first2=Paolo|year=1980| title=Combat Aircraft 1945–1960| place=Maidenhead| publisher=Sampson Low Guides| isbn=0-562-00136-0| page=273}}</ref> Amongst the designs submitted to the competition were the [[Aerfer Sagittario 2]], [[Breguet Br.1001 Taon]], [[Dassault Étendard VI]], [[Fiat G.91]] and [[Sud-Est Baroudeur]]. |
The term "light weight tactical strike fighter (LWTSF)" was used to describe the aircraft to meet the December 1953 NATO specification [[NBMR-1]].<ref>{{cite book| last1=Angelucci| first1=Enzo| last2=Matricardi| first2=Paolo|year=1980| title=Combat Aircraft 1945–1960| place=Maidenhead| publisher=Sampson Low Guides| isbn=0-562-00136-0| page=273}}</ref> Amongst the designs submitted to the competition were the [[Aerfer Sagittario 2]], [[Breguet Br.1001 Taon]], [[Dassault Étendard VI]], [[Fiat G.91]] and [[Sud-Est Baroudeur]]. |
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[[File:Westland Wyvern S Mk.4.jpg|thumb|The [[Westland Wyvern]]]] |
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The term entered normal use in the [[United States Navy]]<ref name=popular1983>[https://books.google.com/books?id=PETCVTz_lwUC&pg=PA98 "Inside story of the troubled F/A-18."] ''Popular Science,'' Volume 223, Issue 4, October 1983. {{ISSN|0161-7370}}. Retrieved: 23 December 2011. Quote: ... can fly either as a fighter or an attack plane [...] In Navy parlance, it is a strike fighter.</ref> by the end of the 1970s, becoming the official<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rQoAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA5 "The FY 1981 military programs."] ''Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,'' Volume 36, Issue 6, June 1980, p. 38. {{ISSN|0096-3402}}. Retrieved: 23 December 2011.</ref> description of the new [[McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet]]. In 1983, the U.S. Navy even renamed each existing Fighter Attack Squadron to Strike Fighter Squadron to emphasize<ref name=polmar>Polmar 1997, p. 343.</ref> the air-to-surface mission (as the "Fighter Attack" designation was confused with the "Fighter" designation, which flew pure air-to-air missions). |
The term entered normal use in the [[United States Navy]]<ref name=popular1983>[https://books.google.com/books?id=PETCVTz_lwUC&pg=PA98 "Inside story of the troubled F/A-18."] ''Popular Science,'' Volume 223, Issue 4, October 1983. {{ISSN|0161-7370}}. Retrieved: 23 December 2011. Quote: ... can fly either as a fighter or an attack plane [...] In Navy parlance, it is a strike fighter.</ref> by the end of the 1970s, becoming the official<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rQoAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA5 "The FY 1981 military programs."] ''Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,'' Volume 36, Issue 6, June 1980, p. 38. {{ISSN|0096-3402}}. Retrieved: 23 December 2011.</ref> description of the new [[McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet]]. In 1983, the U.S. Navy even renamed each existing Fighter Attack Squadron to Strike Fighter Squadron to emphasize<ref name=polmar>Polmar 1997, p. 343.</ref> the air-to-surface mission (as the "Fighter Attack" designation was confused with the "Fighter" designation, which flew pure air-to-air missions). |
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This name quickly spread to non-maritime use. When the F-15E Strike Eagle came into service, it was originally called a "dual role fighter",<ref>''Defence Update (International),'' Issues |
This name quickly spread to non-maritime use. When the F-15E Strike Eagle came into service, it was originally called a "dual role fighter",<ref>''Defence Update (International),'' Issues 79–84, p. 43.</ref> but it instead quickly became known as a "strike fighter". |
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===Joint Strike Fighter=== |
===Joint Strike Fighter=== |
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{{main|Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II}} |
{{main|Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II}} |
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In 1995, the U.S. military's Joint Advanced Strike Technology program changed its name to the [[Joint Strike Fighter]] program.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/jsf.htm "Joint Strike Fighter (JSF)."] ''globalsecurity.org.'' Retrieved: 2 February 2011.</ref> The project consequently resulted in the development of the [[F-35 Lightning II]] family of [[fifth generation jet fighter|fifth generation]] [[Multirole combat aircraft|multirole fighters]] to perform [[ground-attack aircraft|ground attack]], [[reconnaissance]], and [[air defense]] missions with [[Stealth aircraft|stealth]] capability. |
In 1995, the U.S. military's Joint Advanced Strike Technology program changed its name to the [[Joint Strike Fighter]] program.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/jsf.htm "Joint Strike Fighter (JSF)."] ''globalsecurity.org.'' Retrieved: 2 February 2011.</ref> The project consequently resulted in the development of the [[F-35 Lightning II]] family of [[fifth generation jet fighter|fifth generation]] [[Multirole combat aircraft|multirole fighters]] to perform [[ground-attack aircraft|ground attack]], [[reconnaissance]], and [[air defense]] missions with [[Stealth aircraft|stealth]] capability. |
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<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:VPAF Su-30MK2 strike.jpg|thumb|[[Vietnam People's Air Force|Vietnamese]] [[Sukhoi Su-30MKK|Su-30MK2]] strike fighters deploying [[Unguided rocket|unguided rockets]] to [[Attack aircraft|attack]] ground targets in an exercise]] --> |
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== Modern strike fighters == |
== Modern strike fighters == |
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*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Boeing F-15EX Eagle II]] |
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*[[Eurofighter Typhoon]] |
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*[[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle]] |
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle]] |
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*[[Boeing F- |
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet]] |
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*[[Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet]], |
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*{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Sukhoi Su-34]] |
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*[[Shenyang J-15|Shenyang J-15S]] |
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*[[Shenyang J-16]] |
*{{flagicon|China}} [[Shenyang J-16]] |
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*{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[TAI TF-X Kaan]] |
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*[[Sukhoi Su-30MKK]] |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Military aircraft types (roles)}} |
{{Military aircraft types (roles)}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Strike Fighter}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Strike Fighter}} |
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Latest revision as of 01:08, 3 June 2024
In current military parlance, a strike fighter is a multirole combat aircraft designed to operate both as an attack aircraft and as an air superiority fighter. As a category, it is distinct from fighter-bombers, and is closely related to the concept of interdictor aircraft, although it puts more emphasis on aerial combat capabilities.
Examples of notable contemporary strike fighters are the American McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle, Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, the Russian Sukhoi Su-34, and the Chinese Shenyang J-16.
History
[edit]Beginning in the 1940s, the term "strike fighter" was occasionally used in navies to refer to fighter aircraft capable of performing air-to-surface strikes, such as the Westland Wyvern,[1] Blackburn Firebrand[2] and Blackburn Firecrest.
The term "light weight tactical strike fighter (LWTSF)" was used to describe the aircraft to meet the December 1953 NATO specification NBMR-1.[3] Amongst the designs submitted to the competition were the Aerfer Sagittario 2, Breguet Br.1001 Taon, Dassault Étendard VI, Fiat G.91 and Sud-Est Baroudeur.
The term entered normal use in the United States Navy[4] by the end of the 1970s, becoming the official[5] description of the new McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet. In 1983, the U.S. Navy even renamed each existing Fighter Attack Squadron to Strike Fighter Squadron to emphasize[6] the air-to-surface mission (as the "Fighter Attack" designation was confused with the "Fighter" designation, which flew pure air-to-air missions).
This name quickly spread to non-maritime use. When the F-15E Strike Eagle came into service, it was originally called a "dual role fighter",[7] but it instead quickly became known as a "strike fighter".
Joint Strike Fighter
[edit]In 1995, the U.S. military's Joint Advanced Strike Technology program changed its name to the Joint Strike Fighter program.[8] The project consequently resulted in the development of the F-35 Lightning II family of fifth generation multirole fighters to perform ground attack, reconnaissance, and air defense missions with stealth capability.
Modern strike fighters
[edit]Boeing F-15EX Eagle II
Sukhoi Su-30
Shenyang J-16
TAI TF-X Kaan
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ "Aerospace Engineering, Volume 6." Institute of the Aerospace Sciences, 1947.
- ^ The Aeroplane: Volume 75, 1948.
- ^ Angelucci, Enzo; Matricardi, Paolo (1980). Combat Aircraft 1945–1960. Maidenhead: Sampson Low Guides. p. 273. ISBN 0-562-00136-0.
- ^ "Inside story of the troubled F/A-18." Popular Science, Volume 223, Issue 4, October 1983. ISSN 0161-7370. Retrieved: 23 December 2011. Quote: ... can fly either as a fighter or an attack plane [...] In Navy parlance, it is a strike fighter.
- ^ "The FY 1981 military programs." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Volume 36, Issue 6, June 1980, p. 38. ISSN 0096-3402. Retrieved: 23 December 2011.
- ^ Polmar 1997, p. 343.
- ^ Defence Update (International), Issues 79–84, p. 43.
- ^ "Joint Strike Fighter (JSF)." globalsecurity.org. Retrieved: 2 February 2011.
Bibliography
[edit]- Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1997. ISBN 978-1-59114-685-8.