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Tuluva is the name of the third dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire.^[1]^[2] The dynasty traces its patrilineal ancestry to Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, a powerful warlord from the westerly Tulu speaking region.^[3] His son Narasimha Nayaka arranged for the assassination of the weak Narasimha Raya II bringing an end to the rule of the Saluva dynasty.^[3] Narasimha Nayaka later assumed the Vijayangara throne as Viranarasimha Raya bringing the Tuluva dynasty to prominence.^[3] The dynasty was at its zenith during the rule of Krishnadevaraya, the second son of Tuluva Narasa Nayaka.

History[edit]

A Sanskrit epigraph on the eastern wall of Tirumala temple describes the genealogy of Krishnadevaraya.^[3] The first ancestor of the Tuluva lineage to be mentioned is Timmabhupati and his wife Devaki.^[3] Timmabhupati is followed by his son Ishvara and consort Bukkamma and then a certain Narasa Bhupala who is none other than Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, the father of Emperor Krishnadevaraya.^[3] The powerful warlord Tuluva Narasa Nayaka is attributed with the conquest of the Gajapatis as well as certain Muslim rulers.^[3]

Krishnadevaraya a Tulu speaker himself was noted to be linguistically neutral as he ruled a multilingual empire.^[4] He is known to have patronised poets and issued inscriptions in languages as varied as Sanskrit, Tamil, Kannada and Telugu.^[4] However, he elevated Telugu as a royal language possibly because of the dominance of Telugu speaking chiefs and composed the epic poem Amuktamalyada in it.^[4] Tuluva rulers were staunch Vaishnavas and patronised Vaishnavism.^[5] Vyasatirtha, a Kannadiga Dvaita saint was the Kulaguru of Krishnadevaraya.^[6]

The fall of the Tuluva dynasty led to the beginning of the disintegration of the Vijayanagar empire.^{[citation needed]}

List of rulers[edit]


Name	Birth	Reign	Death
Tuluva Narasa Nayaka		1491–1503	1503
Viranarasimha Raya		1505–1509	1509
Krishnadevaraya	17 January 1471	26 July 1509 – 17 October 1529	17 October 1529
Achyuta Deva Raya		1529–1542	1542
Venkata - I		1542–1542 (killed in only 6 months)	1542
Sadasiva Raya		1542–1570	1570

References[edit]

^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 103–112. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
^ For a map of their territory see: Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 147, map XIV.4 (e). ISBN 0226742210.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Pollock, Sheldon (2011). Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia: Explorations in the Intellectual History of India and Tibet, 1500–1800. Duke University Press. p. 81. ISBN 9780822349044. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c Peter Fibiger Bang, Dariusz Kolodziejczyk (2012). Universal Empire: A Comparative Approach to Imperial Culture and Representation in Eurasian History. Cambridge University Press. pp. 222–223. ISBN 9781107022676. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
^ N. Jagadeesan (1977). History of Sri Vaishnavism in the Tamil Country: Post-Ramanuja. Koodal Publishers. p. 302. The Tuluva kings of Vijayanagara especially Krishnadeva Raya and his successors were staunch Vaishnavaites.
^ William J. Jackson (26 July 2007). Vijaynagar Visions: Religious Experience and Cultural Creativity in a South Indian Empire. Oxford University Press India. p. 219. ISBN 978-0-19-568320-2. Retrieved 26 July 2007. When Krishnadevaraya became the ruler Vyasa Tirtha was his guru

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[sen2-1] Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 103–112. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.

[2] For a map of their territory see: Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 147, map XIV.4 (e). ISBN 0226742210.

[ref1-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Pollock, Sheldon (2011). Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia: Explorations in the Intellectual History of India and Tibet, 1500–1800. Duke University Press. p. 81. ISBN 9780822349044. Retrieved 16 June 2018.

[ref3-4] Peter Fibiger Bang, Dariusz Kolodziejczyk (2012). Universal Empire: A Comparative Approach to Imperial Culture and Representation in Eurasian History. Cambridge University Press. pp. 222–223. ISBN 9781107022676. Retrieved 16 June 2018.

[5] N. Jagadeesan (1977). History of Sri Vaishnavism in the Tamil Country: Post-Ramanuja. Koodal Publishers. p. 302. The Tuluva kings of Vijayanagara especially Krishnadeva Raya and his successors were staunch Vaishnavaites.

[6] William J. Jackson (26 July 2007). Vijaynagar Visions: Religious Experience and Cultural Creativity in a South Indian Empire. Oxford University Press India. p. 219. ISBN 978-0-19-568320-2. Retrieved 26 July 2007. When Krishnadevaraya became the ruler Vyasa Tirtha was his guru

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@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
 {{Vijayanagara empire|Tuluva}}
-'''Tuluva''' is the name of the third Dynasty of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]].<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=103–112}}</ref><ref>For a map of their territory see: {{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |date=1978 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=147, map XIV.4 (e)|isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=186}}</ref> The dynasty traces its patrilineal ancestry to Tulu-speaking who are Bunt Nagavamshi Kshatriyas ({{Cite book |last=Yogeeshwarappa | first=B.N |title= The study of Nayakatana in the Vijayanagara empire with special reference to Tuluva Dynasty |pages=28}}) [[Tuluva Narasa Nayaka]], |last1=Pollock |first1=Sheldon |title=Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia: Explorations in the Intellectual History of India and Tibet, 1500–1800 |date=2011 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=9780822349044 |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=740AqMUW8WQC |access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref> His son [[Viranarasimha_Raya|Narasimha Nayaka]] arranged for the assassination of the weak [[Narasimha Raya II]] bringing an end to the rule of the [[Saluva dynasty]].<ref name="ref1" /> Narasimha Nayaka later assumed the Vijayangara throne as [[Viranarasimha Raya]] bringing the Tuluva dynasty to prominence.<ref name="ref1" /> The dynasty was at its zenith during the rule of [[Krishnadevaraya]], the second son of Tuluva Narasa Nayaka.
+'''Tuluva''' is the name of the third dynasty of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]].<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=103–112}}</ref><ref>For a map of their territory see: {{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |date=1978 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=147, map XIV.4 (e)|isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=186}}</ref> The dynasty traces its patrilineal ancestry to [[Tuluva Narasa Nayaka]], a powerful warlord from the westerly [[Tulu language|Tulu]] speaking region.<ref name="ref1">{{cite book |last1=Pollock |first1=Sheldon |title=Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia: Explorations in the Intellectual History of India and Tibet, 1500–1800 |date=2011 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=9780822349044 |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=740AqMUW8WQC |access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref> His son [[Viranarasimha_Raya|Narasimha Nayaka]] arranged for the assassination of the weak [[Narasimha Raya II]] bringing an end to the rule of the [[Saluva dynasty]].<ref name="ref1" /> Narasimha Nayaka later assumed the Vijayangara throne as [[Viranarasimha Raya]] bringing the Tuluva dynasty to prominence.<ref name="ref1" /> The dynasty was at its zenith during the rule of [[Krishnadevaraya]], the second son of Tuluva Narasa Nayaka.
-==History==
+== History ==
-The original home of the kingdom was the   epigraph on the eastern wall of Tirumala temple describes the genealogy of [[Krishnadevaraya]].<ref name="ref1" /> The first ancestor of the Tuluva lineage to be mentioned is Timmabhupati and his wife Devaki.<ref name="ref1" /> Timmabhupati is followed by his son Ishvara and consort Bukkamma and then a certain Narasa Bhupala who is none other than Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, the father of Emperor Krishnadevaraya.<ref name="ref1" /> The powerful warlord Tuluva Narasa Nayaka is attributed with the conquest of the [[Gajapati Kingdom|Gajapatis]] as well as certain Muslim rulers.<ref name="ref1" />
+A Sanskrit epigraph on the eastern wall of Tirumala temple describes the genealogy of [[Krishnadevaraya]].<ref name="ref1" /> The first ancestor of the Tuluva lineage to be mentioned is Timmabhupati and his wife Devaki.<ref name="ref1" /> Timmabhupati is followed by his son Ishvara and consort Bukkamma and then a certain Narasa Bhupala who is none other than Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, the father of Emperor Krishnadevaraya.<ref name="ref1" /> The powerful warlord Tuluva Narasa Nayaka is attributed with the conquest of the [[Gajapati Kingdom|Gajapatis]] as well as certain Muslim rulers.<ref name="ref1" />
-Krishnadevaraya a  himself was noted to be linguistically neutral as he ruled a multilingual empire.<ref name="ref3">{{cite book |last1=Peter Fibiger Bang |first1=Dariusz Kolodziejczyk |title=Universal Empire: A Comparative Approach to Imperial Culture and Representation in Eurasian History |date=2012 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107022676 |pages=222–223 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xiKtT85kYloC |access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref> He is known to have patronised poets and issued inscriptions in languages as varied as [[Sanskrit]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Kannada]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]].<ref name="ref3" /> However, he elevated [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as a royal language possibly because of the dominance of Telugu speaking chiefs and composed the epic poem [[Amuktamalyada]] in it.<ref name="ref3" /> Tuluva rulers were staunch [[Vaishnava]]s and patronised [[Vaishnavism]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1AoaAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Sri Vaishnavism in the Tamil Country: Post-Ramanuja|author=N. Jagadeesan|publisher=Koodal Publishers|year=1977|page=302|quote=The Tuluva kings of Vijayanagara especially Krishnadeva Raya and his successors were staunch Vaishnavaites.}}</ref> [[Vyasatirtha]], a [[Kannadiga]] [[Dvaita]] saint was the ''Kulaguru'' of [[Krishnadevaraya]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Vijaynagar Visions: Religious Experience and Cultural Creativity in a South Indian Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BP5jAAAAMAAJ|page=219|author=William J. Jackson|date = 26 July 2007|publisher=Oxford University Press India|isbn = 978-0-19-568320-2|access-date=26 July 2007|quote=When Krishnadevaraya became the ruler Vyasa Tirtha was his guru}}</ref>
+Krishnadevaraya a [[Tulu language|Tulu]] speaker himself was noted to be linguistically neutral as he ruled a multilingual empire.<ref name="ref3">{{cite book |last1=Peter Fibiger Bang |first1=Dariusz Kolodziejczyk |title=Universal Empire: A Comparative Approach to Imperial Culture and Representation in Eurasian History |date=2012 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107022676 |pages=222–223 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xiKtT85kYloC |access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref> He is known to have patronised poets and issued inscriptions in languages as varied as [[Sanskrit]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Kannada]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]].<ref name="ref3" /> However, he elevated [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as a royal language possibly because of the dominance of Telugu speaking chiefs and composed the epic poem [[Amuktamalyada]] in it.<ref name="ref3" /> Tuluva rulers were staunch [[Vaishnava]]s and patronised [[Vaishnavism]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1AoaAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Sri Vaishnavism in the Tamil Country: Post-Ramanuja|author=N. Jagadeesan|publisher=Koodal Publishers|year=1977|page=302|quote=The Tuluva kings of Vijayanagara especially Krishnadeva Raya and his successors were staunch Vaishnavaites.}}</ref> [[Vyasatirtha]], a [[Kannadiga]] [[Dvaita]] saint was the ''Kulaguru'' of [[Krishnadevaraya]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Vijaynagar Visions: Religious Experience and Cultural Creativity in a South Indian Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BP5jAAAAMAAJ|page=219|author=William J. Jackson|date = 26 July 2007|publisher=Oxford University Press India|isbn = 978-0-19-568320-2|access-date=26 July 2007|quote=When Krishnadevaraya became the ruler Vyasa Tirtha was his guru}}</ref>
 The fall of the Tuluva dynasty led to the beginning of the disintegration of the Vijayanagar empire.{{fact|date=June 2018}}
 == List of rulers ==
+{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
-* [[Tuluva Narasa Nayaka]] (1491–1503 CE), first ruler
+|+
-* [[Viranarasimha Raya]] (1503–1509 CE)
+!Name
-* [[Krishnadevaraya]] (1509–1529 CE), greatest ruler of empire
+!Birth
-* [[Achyuta Deva Raya]] (1529–1542 CE)
+!Reign
-* [[Sadasiva Raya]] (1542–1570 CE), last ruler
+!Death
+|-
+|'''[[Tuluva Narasa Nayaka]]'''
+|
+|1491–1503
+|1503
+|-
+|'''[[Viranarasimha Raya]]'''
+|
+|1505–1509
+|1509
+|-
+|'''[[Krishnadevaraya]]'''
+|17 January 1471
+|26 July 1509 – 17 October 1529
+|17 October 1529
+|-
+|'''[[Achyuta Deva Raya]]'''
+|
+|1529–1542
+|1542
+|-
+|'''[[Venkata I|Venkata - I]]'''
+|
+|1542–1542 (killed in only 6 months)
+|1542
+|-
+|'''[[Sadasiva Raya]]'''
+|
+|1542–1570
+|1570
+|}
+*
+*
+*
+*
+*
 == See also ==
@@ Line 24: / Line 61: @@
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
+[[Category:Tuluva dynasty| ]]
-[[Category:Vijayanagara Empire]]
+[[Category:Tuluva|Dynasty]]
+[[Category:Dynasties of the Vijayanagara Empire]]
 [[Category:Hindu dynasties]]
-[[Category:Dynasties of India]]
-[[Category:Tuluva]]
 [[Category:Tulu Nadu]]

Latest revision as of 12:52, 25 February 2024

History[edit]

List of rulers[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]