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Coordinates: 45°16′N 37°22′E / 45.267°N 37.367°E / 45.267; 37.367
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{{Short description|Town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia}}
{{Coord|45|16|N|37|23|E|type:city_region:RU|display=title}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2012}}
{{expand Russian|date=March 2024|topic=geo}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Temryuk
|ru_name=Темрюк
|image_skyline=Улица Ленина.JPG
|image_caption=Lenina Street in Temryuk
|coordinates={{coord|45|16|N|37|22|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=top
|image_flag=Flag of Temryuk (Krasnodar krai).png
|flag_caption=
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Temryuk (Krasnodar krai).png
|coa_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
<!----ADMINISTRATIVE STATUS---->
|federal_subject=[[Krasnodar Krai]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" />
|adm_district_jur=[[Temryuksky District]]
|adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" />
|adm_selsoviet_jur=Temryuk
|adm_selsoviet_type=[[Town of district significance|Town]]
|adm_selsoviet_jur_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" />
|adm_ctr_of1=Temryuksky District
|adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" />
|adm_ctr_of2=Town of Temryuk
|adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" />
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" />
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_district_jur=Temryuksky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarKTemryukskyD_mun" />
|urban_settlement_jur=Temryukskoye Urban Settlement
|urban_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarKTemryukskyD_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of1=Temryuksky Municipal District
|mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarKTemryukskyD_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of2=Temryukskoye Urban Settlement
|mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="KrasnodarKTemryukskyD_mun" />
|leader_title=
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<!----STATISTICS---->
|area_of_what=
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|area_km2=
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|pop_2010census=38046
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
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|pop_latest=
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<!----HISTORY---->
|established_date=
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|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=1860
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=
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<!----MISCELLANEA---->
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'''Temryuk''' ({{lang-rus|Темрю́к|p=tʲɪmˈrʲʉk}}) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] and the [[administrative center]] of [[Temryuksky District]] in [[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Russia]], located on the [[Taman Peninsula]] on the right bank of the [[Kuban River]] not far from its entry into the [[Temryuk Bay]], amid a field of [[mud volcano]]es. The [[seaport]] of Temryuk is situated {{convert|4|km|sp=us}} from the town itself. Population: 41,413 (2020), {{ru-census2010|38,046|;}} {{ru-census2002|36,118|;}} {{su-census1989|33,163|;}} 26,600 (1975).
[[File:Coat of Arms of Temryuk (Krasnodar krai).png|thumb|130px|Coat of arms of Temryuk]]


==History==
'''Temryuk''' ({{lang-ru|Темрю́к}}) is the largest [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] on the [[Taman peninsula]] in [[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Russia]], located on the right bank of the [[Kuban River]] not far from its entry into the [[Temryuk Bay]], amid a field of [[mud volcano]]es. The [[seaport]] of Temryuk is situated four kilometers away from the town itself. Population: {{ru-census2002|36,118|;}} 26,600 (1975).
Tens of thousands of years ago, the [[Sea of Azov|Azov Sea]] was much larger and covered the delta of the [[Kuban (river)|Kuban River]]. Deposition of [[silt]] by the Kuban gradually pushed out the sea and shaped the delta with numerous shallow estuaries. Frequent eruptions of the mud volcanoes contributed to this deposition process. There are about 25 mud volcanoes in the area and some are still active.


Situated in the proximity of the site of ancient [[Tmutarakan]], Temryuk was vied by various powers as a vantage point commanding the mouth of the Kuban River. The first recorded settlement on the site was '''Tumnev''', a Tatar fortress, which passed to the [[Ghisolfi|Genoese merchants]] in the 14th century. It was known as '''Copa''' until occupied by the [[Khanate of Crimea]] in 1483.
Situated close to the site of ancient [[Tmutarakan]], Temryuk was vied by various powers as a vantage point at the mouth of the Kuban River. The first recorded settlement on the site was '''Tumnev''', a [[Tatars|Tatar]] fortress, which passed to the [[Ghisolfi|Genoese merchants]] in the 14th century. It was known as '''Copa''' until occupied by the [[Crimean Khanate]] in 1483.


The Russians, allied with a local potentate, Temryuk of [[Kabarda]], captured Tumnev and built a fortress of New Temryuk there. The Crimean Tatars retook the fort in 1570; it was known as '''Adis''' for a century to come. In the 18th century the site was settled by the [[Cossacks]], whose [[stanitsa]] was incorporated as a town of Temryuk in 1860.
The Russians, allied with a local potentate, [[Temryuk Idar|Temryuk of Kabardia]], captured Tumnev and built a fortress called New Temryuk there. The Crimean Tatars retook the fort in 1570; it was known as '''Adis''' for a century to come. In the 18th century, the site was settled by the [[Cossacks]], whose ''[[stanitsa]]'' was incorporated as the '''town of Temryuk''' in 1860.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}}
. The Germans took the Kuban Gorge (General Konrad Pass) and the town of Temyruk in 1942–43.

==Economy==
{{anchor|Port of Temryuk}}
The port of Temryuk is situated 4 kilometers (2.5&nbsp;mi) from the town itself. The port is home to a large [[liquefied petroleum gas]] facility.<ref name="bbc19">{{cite web | title=Explosion sets ships ablaze off Crimea | website=BBC News | date=21 January 2019 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-46954322/explosion-sets-ships-ablaze-in-kerch-strait-off-crimea | access-date=23 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="np19">{{cite news | title=Two ships catch fire in the Black Sea, leaving at least 14 sailors dead: Russian officials | website=National Post | date=21 January 2019 | url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/russia-14-sailors-killed-when-ships-catch-fire-in-black-sea/amp | access-date=23 March 2020}}</ref>

==Administrative and municipal status==
Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], Temryuk serves as the [[administrative center]] of [[Temryuksky District]].<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist">Reference Information #34.01-707/13-03</ref> As an administrative division, it is, together with three [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|rural localities]], incorporated within Temryuksky District as the '''[[Town of district significance|Town]] of Temryuk'''.<ref name="KrasnodarK_admlist" /> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], the Town of Temryuk is incorporated within Temryuksky Municipal District as '''Temryukskoye Urban Settlement'''.<ref name="KrasnodarKTemryukskyD_mun">Law #685-KZ</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
{{Commons category|Temryuk}}
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Трактир в музее.JPG|<small>[[Voennaya Gorka]], a military vehicle museum on the slope of a mud vulcano in Temryuk.</small>
File:Трактир в музее.JPG|[[Voyennaya Gorka]], a military vehicle museum on the slope of a mud volcano in Temryuk
File:Танк в Темрюке.JPG|<small>A memorial devoted to the [[Defense of Temryuk]] during [[World War II]]</small>
File:Танк в Темрюке.JPG|A memorial devoted to the [[Defense of Temryuk]] during [[World War II]]
File:Катер.JPG|<small>A WWII motor gun boat on exhibit at Voennaya Gorka</small>
File:Катер.JPG|A World War II motor gun boat on exhibit at Voyennaya Gorka
File:Танк Т-34..jpg|T-34 tank on a pedestal on a military hill at Temryuk
File:Темрюк.Храм.JPG|<small>A local Orthodox church</small>
File:Wheels BTR.jpg|BTR specified in the Military Museum Hill
File:Танк Т-34, установленный в честь воинов-танкистов, гора Мыска.jpg|The T 34-85 exhibition at the Museum of Military Hill
File:Mountain "Miska".jpg|General view of the mountains "Miska" which is a museum of "Voennaya Gorka"
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|kda|adm|list}}
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|kda|mun|list|temryuksky}}

==External links==
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Temryuk|short=x}}


{{Krasnodar Krai}}
{{Krasnodar Krai}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Cities and towns in Krasnodar Krai]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Krasnodar Krai]]
[[Category:Temryuksky District]]
[[Category:History of Kuban]]
[[Category:History of Kuban]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the Azov Sea]]

[[Category:Port cities and towns in Russia]]
[[ar:تمرايوك]]
[[az:Temrük]]
[[be:Горад Цямрук]]
[[bg:Темрюк]]
[[de:Temrjuk]]
[[es:Temriuk]]
[[eo:Temrjuk]]
[[fa:تمریوک]]
[[fr:Temriouk]]
[[os:Темрюк]]
[[it:Temrjuk]]
[[ja:テムリュク]]
[[no:Temrjuk]]
[[nn:Temrjuk]]
[[pl:Tiemriuk]]
[[ru:Темрюк]]
[[fi:Temrjuk]]
[[tl:Temryuk]]
[[tg:Темрюк]]
[[uk:Темрюк]]
[[war:Temryuk]]
[[diq:Temryuk]]
[[zh:捷姆留克]]

Latest revision as of 21:55, 22 March 2024

For other uses, see Temryuk (disambiguation).

Temryuk
Темрюк
Town[1]
Lenina Street in Temryuk
Lenina Street in Temryuk
Flag of Temryuk
Flag
Coat of arms of Temryuk
Coat of arms
Location of Temryuk
Map
Temryuk is located in Russia
Temryuk
Temryuk
Location of Temryuk
Temryuk is located in Krasnodar Krai
Temryuk
Temryuk
Temryuk (Krasnodar Krai)
Coordinates: 45°16′N 37°22′E / 45.267°N 37.367°E / 45.267; 37.367
CountryRussia
Federal subjectKrasnodar Krai[1]
Administrative districtTemryuksky District[1]
TownTemryuk[1]
Town status since1860
Elevation
10 m (30 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[2]
 • Total38,046
 • Capital ofTemryuksky District,[1] Town of Temryuk[1]
 • Municipal districtTemryuksky Municipal District[3]
 • Urban settlementTemryukskoye Urban Settlement[3]
 • Capital ofTemryuksky Municipal District,[3] Temryukskoye Urban Settlement[3]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[4])
Postal code(s)[5]
353500–353508Edit this on Wikidata
OKTMO ID03651101001

Temryuk (Russian: Темрю́к, IPA: [tʲɪmˈrʲʉk]) is a town and the administrative center of Temryuksky District in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Taman Peninsula on the right bank of the Kuban River not far from its entry into the Temryuk Bay, amid a field of mud volcanoes. The seaport of Temryuk is situated 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) from the town itself. Population: 41,413 (2020), 38,046 (2010 Russian census);[2] 36,118 (2002 Census);[6] 33,163 (1989 Soviet census);[7] 26,600 (1975).

History

[edit]

Tens of thousands of years ago, the Azov Sea was much larger and covered the delta of the Kuban River. Deposition of silt by the Kuban gradually pushed out the sea and shaped the delta with numerous shallow estuaries. Frequent eruptions of the mud volcanoes contributed to this deposition process. There are about 25 mud volcanoes in the area and some are still active.

Situated close to the site of ancient Tmutarakan, Temryuk was vied by various powers as a vantage point at the mouth of the Kuban River. The first recorded settlement on the site was Tumnev, a Tatar fortress, which passed to the Genoese merchants in the 14th century. It was known as Copa until occupied by the Crimean Khanate in 1483.

The Russians, allied with a local potentate, Temryuk of Kabardia, captured Tumnev and built a fortress called New Temryuk there. The Crimean Tatars retook the fort in 1570; it was known as Adis for a century to come. In the 18th century, the site was settled by the Cossacks, whose stanitsa was incorporated as the town of Temryuk in 1860.[citation needed] . The Germans took the Kuban Gorge (General Konrad Pass) and the town of Temyruk in 1942–43.

Economy

[edit]

The port of Temryuk is situated 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) from the town itself. The port is home to a large liquefied petroleum gas facility.[8][9]

Administrative and municipal status

[edit]

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Temryuk serves as the administrative center of Temryuksky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with three rural localities, incorporated within Temryuksky District as the Town of Temryuk.[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Temryuk is incorporated within Temryuksky Municipal District as Temryukskoye Urban Settlement.[3]

[edit]
  • Voyennaya Gorka, a military vehicle museum on the slope of a mud volcano in Temryuk
    Voyennaya Gorka, a military vehicle museum on the slope of a mud volcano in Temryuk
  • A memorial devoted to the Defense of Temryuk during World War II
    A memorial devoted to the Defense of Temryuk during World War II
  • A World War II motor gun boat on exhibit at Voyennaya Gorka
    A World War II motor gun boat on exhibit at Voyennaya Gorka
  • T-34 tank on a pedestal on a military hill at Temryuk
    T-34 tank on a pedestal on a military hill at Temryuk
  • BTR specified in the Military Museum Hill
    BTR specified in the Military Museum Hill
  • The T 34-85 exhibition at the Museum of Military Hill
    The T 34-85 exhibition at the Museum of Military Hill
  • General view of the mountains "Miska" which is a museum of "Voennaya Gorka"
    General view of the mountains "Miska" which is a museum of "Voennaya Gorka"

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Reference Information #34.01-707/13-03
  2. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  3. ^ a b c d e Law #685-KZ
  4. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  5. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  6. ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  7. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  8. ^ "Explosion sets ships ablaze off Crimea". BBC News. January 21, 2019. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  9. ^ "Two ships catch fire in the Black Sea, leaving at least 14 sailors dead: Russian officials". National Post. January 21, 2019. Retrieved March 23, 2020.

Sources

[edit]
  • Управление по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Администрации Краснодарского края. Справочная информация №34.01-707/13-03 от 23 мая 2013 г. «Реестр административно-территориальных единиц Краснодарского края». (Department of Cooperation with the Organs of the Local Self-Government of the Administration of Krasnodar Krai. Reference Information #34.01-707/13-03 of May 23, 2013 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Krasnodar Krai. ).
  • Законодательное Собрание Краснодарского края. Закон №685-КЗ от 1 апреля 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования Темрюкский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городского поселения, сельских поселений — и установлении их границ», в ред. Закона №1756-КЗ от 3 июня 2009 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Краснодарского края об установлении границ муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Информационный бюллетень ЗС Краснодарского края", №16 (1), 5 апреля 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai. Law #685-KZ of April 1, 2004 On the Establishment of the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Temryuksky District, on Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, on the Establishment of the Municipal Formations—an Urban Settlement, Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure and on the Establishment of Their Borders, as amended by the Law #1756-KZ of June 3, 2009 On Amending Several Legislative Acts of Krasnodar Krai on the Establishment of the Borders of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
[edit]
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