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{{Infobox United Nations
| name = {{lang|fr|Conseil économique et social des Nations unies}}
| image = United Nations Economic and Social Council chamber New York City 2.JPG
| caption = The room of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. [[UN headquarters]], [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| type = Primary organ
| acronyms = ECOSOC<br /> {{lang|fr|CESNU}}
| head = ECOSOC President Inga Rhonda King <ref name="president">{{Cite web |url=https://www.un.org/ecosoc/en/president-ecosoc |title=ECOSOC President 2018 Her Excellency Inga Rhonda King {{!}} UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL |publisher=[[United Nations]] |accessdate=26 July 2018}}</ref>
| status = Active
| established = {{start date and age|1945}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/ecosoc/en/about-us|title=About Us - UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL|website=www.un.org}}</ref>
| website = [https://www.un.org/ecosoc www.un.org/en/ecosoc]
| parent =
| subsidiaries =
| footnotes =
}}

{{United Nations System}}

The '''United Nations Economic and Social Council''' ('''ECOSOC'''; {{lang-fr|Conseil économique et social des Nations unies}}, {{lang|fr|'''CESNU'''}}) is one of the five principal organs of the [[United Nations]], responsible for coordinating the economic, social, and related work of 15 UN specialized agencies, their functional commissions and five regional commissions. The ECOSOC has 54 members. The General Assembly selects 18 new members for ECOSOC each year for the term of 3 years with a provision that a retiring member can be re-elected. It holds one seven-week session each year in July, and since 1998, it has also held an annual meeting in April with finance ministers heading key committees of the [[World Bank Group|World Bank]] and the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF).

ECOSOC serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues and formulating policy recommendations addressed to member states and the United Nations system.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/about/index.shtml |title=Background Information |publisher=UN Economic and Social Council}}</ref> [[List of organizations with consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council|A number of non-governmental organisations]] have been granted [[consultative status]] to the Council to participate in the work of the United Nations.

== President ==
The president is elected for a one-year term and chosen from the small or mid-sized powers represented on the ECOSOC.<ref name="president"/> [[Inga Rhonda King]] was elected seventy-fourth President of ECOSOC on 26 July 2018.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/ecosoc6947.doc.htm |title=Opening 2019 Session, Economic and Social Council Elects New President, Adopts Provisional Agenda, Other Organizational Matters |location=[[New York City|New York]] |date=26 July 2018 |accessdate=26 July 2018}}</ref> Ambassador King is currently the Ambassador and Permanent Representative of [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] to the United Nations in New York.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Presidents
! Term
! President
! From
|- style="background:#ccffcc"
| 2019 || Ms. [[Inga Rhonda King]] || {{flagcountry|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
|-
| 2018 || Ms. [[Marie Chatardová]] || {{flagcountry|Czech Republic}}
|-
| 2017 || Mr. [[Mark Smith (environmentalist)|Marc Smith]] || {{flagcountry|Switzerland}}
|-
| 2016 || Mr. [[Frederick Musiiwa Makamure Shava]] || {{flagcountry|Zimbabwe}}
|-
| 2015 || Mr. [[Oh Joon]] || {{flagicon|South Korea}} [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]]
|-
| 2014 || Mr. [[Martin Sajdik]] || {{flagcountry|Austria}}
|-
| 2013 || Mr. [[Néstor Osorio Londoño]] || {{flagcountry|Colombia}}
|-
| 2012 || Mr. [[Miloš Koterec]] || {{flagcountry|Slovakia}}
|-
| 2011 || Mr. [[Lazarous Kapambwe]] || {{flagcountry|Zambia}}
|-
| 2010 || Mr. [[Hamidon Ali]] || {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|-
| 2009 || Ms. [[Sylvie Lucas]] || {{flagcountry|Luxembourg}}
|-
| 2008 || Mr. [[Léo Mérorès]] || {{flagcountry|Haiti}}
|-
| 2007 || Mr. [[Dalius Čekuolis]] || {{flagcountry|Lithuania}}
|-
| 2006 || Mr. [[Ali Hachani]] || {{flagcountry|Tunisia}}
|-
| 2005 || Mr. [[Munir Akram]] || {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}
|}

==Members==
{{See also|List of members of the United Nations Economic and Social Council}}
The Council has 54 member states out of the 193 UN member states, which are elected each year by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] for overlapping three-year terms. Seats on the Council are based on geographical representation with 14 allocated to African states, 11 to Asia-Pacific states, 6 to East European states, 10 to Latin American and Caribbean states and 13 to West European and other states.

'''Current'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/ecosoc/en/content/members |title=Members {{!}} UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL |accessdate=26 July 2018}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Term
! '''[[United Nations geoscheme for Africa|African States]] (14)'''

! '''[[United Nations geoscheme for Asia|Asian States]] (11)'''

! '''[[Eastern European Group|Eastern European <br>States]] (6)'''

! '''[[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas|Latin American & <br>Caribbean States]] (10)'''

! '''[[Western European and Others Group|Western European & <br>Other States]] (13)'''
|-
|- style="background:#f7f7c7;border-top: 2px solid;"
|'''2018-20'''<ref>{{cite web|title=General Assembly Unanimously Adopts Text Creating United Nations Counter-Terrorism Office; Elects 18 Members to Economic and Social Council {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2017/ga11922.doc.htm|website=www.un.org|language=en}}</ref>
| {{flagcountry|Ghana}} <br> {{flagcountry|Malawi}} <br> {{flagcountry|Morocco}} <br> {{flagcountry|Sudan}} <br> {{flagcountry|Togo}}
| {{flagcountry|India}} <br> {{flagcountry|Japan}} <br> {{flagcountry|Philippines}}
| {{flagcountry|Belarus}}
| {{flagcountry|Ecuador}} <br>{{flagcountry|El Salvador}} <br>{{flagcountry|Mexico}} <br> {{flagcountry|Uruguay}}
| {{flagcountry|France}} <br> {{flagcountry|Germany}} <br>{{flagcountry|Ireland}} <br>{{flagcountry|Spain}} <br> {{flagcountry|Turkey}}
|-
|- style="background:#ddeeee;border-top: 2px solid;"
|'''2017-19'''<ref>{{cite web|title=General Assembly Elects 18 Members of Economic and Social Council, Also Adopts Texts, Including One Designating 29 June International Day of Tropics {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases|url=http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/ga11793.doc.htm|website=www.un.org|language=en}}</ref>
| {{flagcountry|Benin}} <br> {{flagcountry|Cameroon}} <br> {{flagcountry|Chad}} <br> {{flagcountry|Swaziland}}
| {{flagcountry|China}} <br> {{flagdeco|South Korea}} [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]] <br> {{flagcountry|Tajikistan}} <br> {{flagcountry|United Arab Emirates}}
| {{flagcountry|Azerbaijan}} <br> {{flag|Russian Federation}} <br> {{flagcountry|Romania}}
| {{flagcountry|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} <br>{{flagcountry|Colombia}} <br>{{flagcountry|Venezuela|name=Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)}}
| {{flagcountry|Norway}} <br> {{flagcountry|Denmark}} <br>{{flagcountry|Andorra}} <br>{{flag|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland}}

|- style="background:#eeffee;border-top: 2px solid;"
|'''2016-18'''
| {{flagcountry|Algeria}} <br> {{flagcountry|Somalia}} <br> {{flagcountry|South Africa}} <br> {{flagcountry|Rwanda}} <br> {{flagcountry|Nigeria}}
| {{flagcountry|Afghanistan}} <br> {{flagcountry|Lebanon}} <br> {{flagcountry|Iraq}} <br> {{flagcountry|Vietnam|name=Viet Nam}}
| {{flag|Republic of Moldova}} <br> {{flagcountry|Czech Republic}}
| {{flagcountry|Chile}} <br>{{flagcountry|Guyana}} <br>{{flagcountry|Peru}}
| {{flagcountry|Canada}} <br> {{flagcountry|Italy}} <br>{{flagcountry|Belgium}} <br>{{flag|United States of America}}
|-
|}

'''Previous'''

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Term
! '''[[United Nations geoscheme for Africa|African States]] (14)'''

! '''[[United Nations geoscheme for Asia|Asian States]] (11)'''

! '''[[Eastern European Group|Eastern European <br>States]] (6)'''

! '''[[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas|Latin American & <br>Caribbean States]] (10)'''

! '''[[Western European and Others Group|Western European & <br>Other States]] (13)'''
|-
|- style="border-top: 2px solid;"
|'''2015-17'''
| {{flagcountry|Burkina Faso}} <br>{{flagcountry|Ghana}} <br>{{flagcountry|Mauritania|1959}} <br>{{flagcountry|Uganda}} <br>{{flagcountry|Zimbabwe}}
| {{flagcountry|India}} <br>{{flagcountry|Japan}} <br>{{flagcountry|Pakistan}}
| {{flagcountry|Estonia}}
| {{flagcountry|Argentina}} <br>{{flagcountry|Brazil}} <br>{{flagcountry|Honduras}} <br>{{flagcountry|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| {{flagcountry|France}} <br>{{flagcountry|Germany}} <br>{{flagcountry|Greece}} <br>{{flagcountry|Portugal}}

|- style="border-top: 2px solid;"
|-style="border-top: 2px solid;"
|'''2014-16'''
| {{flagcountry|Botswana}} <br>{{flagcountry|Congo}} <br>{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}<br>{{flagcountry|Togo}}
| {{flagcountry|Bangladesh}} <br>{{flagcountry|China}} <br>{{flagdeco|South Korea}} [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]] <br>{{flagcountry|Kazakhstan}}
| {{flagcountry|Georgia}} <br>{{flag|Russian Federation}} <br>{{flagcountry|Serbia}}
| {{flagcountry|Antigua and Barbuda}} <br> {{flagcountry|Guatemala}} <br>{{flagcountry|Panama}}
| {{flagcountry|Finland}} <br>{{flagcountry|Sweden}} <br>{{flagcountry|Switzerland}} <br>{{flag|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland}}

|-style="border-top: 2px solid;"
| '''2013-15'''
| {{flagcountry|Tunisia}} <br>{{flagcountry|Benin}} <br>{{flagcountry|Mauritius}} <br>{{flagcountry|South Africa}} <br>{{flagcountry|Sudan}}
| {{flagcountry|Kuwait}} <br>{{flagcountry|Kyrgyzstan}} <br>{{flagcountry|Nepal}} <br>{{flagcountry|Turkmenistan}}
| {{flagcountry|Albania}} <br>{{flagcountry|Croatia}}
| {{flagcountry|Bolivia|name=Bolivia (Plurinational State of)}} <br>{{flagcountry|Colombia}} <br>{{flagcountry|Haiti}}
| {{flagcountry|Australia}} <br>{{flag|United States of America}} <br>{{flagcountry|Italy}} <br>{{flagcountry|San Marino}}

|-style="border-top: 2px solid;"
| rowspan="22"| Before 2013
| {{flag|Botswana}}'
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}'
| {{flag|Albania}}
| {{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}'
| {{flag|Austria}}
|-
| {{flag|Benin}}
| {{flag|China}}
| {{flag|Belarus}}
| {{flagcountry|Bolivia|name=Bolivia (Plurinational State of)}}
| {{flag|Canada}}
|-
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| {{flag|India}}
| {{flag|Bulgaria}}*
| {{flag|Brazil}}
| {{flag|Denmark}}
|-
| {{flag|Cameroon}}*
| {{flag|Indonesia}}
| {{flag|Croatia}}
| {{flag|Colombia}}
| {{flag|France}}
|-
| {{flag|Congo}}'
| {{flag|Japan}}
| {{flag|Georgia}}'
| {{flag|Cuba}}
| {{flag|Ireland}}*
|-
| {{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}'
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}}'
| {{flag|Latvia}}*
| {{flag|Dominican Republic}}
| {{flag|Netherlands}}*
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| {{flag|Kuwait}}
| {{flag|Russian Federation}}
| {{flag|Ecuador}}*
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
|-
| {{flag|Gabon}}*
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
| {{flag|Serbia}}'
| {{flag|El Salvador}}
| {{flag|San Marino}}
|-
| {{flag|Lesotho}}
| {{flag|Nepal}}
|
| {{flag|Guatemala}}'
| {{flag|Spain}}*
|-
| {{flag|Libya}}
| {{flag|Pakistan}}*
|
| {{flag|Haiti}}
| {{flag|Sweden}}
|-
| {{flag|Malawi}}*
| {{flag|Qatar}}*
|
| {{flag|Mexico}}*
| {{flag|Turkey}}*
|-
| {{flag|Mauritius}}
| {{flagdeco|South Korea}} [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]]
|
| {{flag|Nicaragua}}*
| {{flag|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland}}
|-
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
| {{flag|Turkmenistan}}
|
| {{flag|Panama}}'
| {{flag|United States of America}}
|-
| {{flag|Senegal}}*
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}}
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Sudan}}
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Togo}}'
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Tunisia}}
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

[[File:Economic and Social Council Resolution 2007-25.pdf|thumb|200px|ECOSOC Resolution 2007/25: Support to [[United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories|Non-Self-Governing Territories]] by the specialised agencies and international institutions associated with the United Nations (26 July 2007)]]

=== Observer Inter-Governmental Autonomous organisations ===
Participation on a continuing basis:<ref name="ECOSOC">[https://www.un.org/esa/dsd/dsd/dsd_pdfs/ECOSOC_IGOs.pdf ECOSOC observers, Part V] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922014130/http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/dsd/dsd_pdfs/ECOSOC_IGOs.pdf |date=22 September 2013 }}</ref>
* African Regional Centre of Technology
* Asian and Pacific Development Centre
* Asian Productivity Organisation
* [[Council of Arab Economic Unity]]
* [[Global Water Partnership]]
* [[Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe|Helsinki Commission]]
* [[Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture]]
* Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development
* [http://iimsam.org Intergovernmental Institution For the Use of Micro-Algae Spirulina Against Malnutrition] - [http://iimsam.org IIMSAM]
* International Association of Economic and Social Councils and Similar Institutions
* International Center for Public Enterprises in Developing Countries
* [[International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology]]
* [[World safety forum Global Safety Summit India]]
* [[Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization]]
* Latin American Energy Organisation
* [[Organization of Ibero-American States|Organisation of Ibero-American States]]
* [[Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries]]
* Regional organisation for the Protection of the Marine Environment
* Union des Conseils Économiques et Sociaux Africains
* [[Economic Community of West African States]]
* World Deserts Foundation
* [[World Tourism Organization]]

Participation on an ''ad hoc'' basis:<ref name="ECOSOC"/>
* African Accounting Council
* African Cultural Institute
* Arab Security Studies and Training Center
* Council of Arab Ministers of the Interior
* International Bauxite Association
* International Civil Defence Organisation
* [[Latin American Social Sciences Institute]]

== Functional commissions ==
* [[Commission for Social Development|UN Commission for Social Development]]
* [[United Nations Commission on Human Rights|UN Commission on Human Rights]] (UNCHR): disbanded 2006, replaced by the [[United Nations Human Rights Council]] (UNHRC), a subsidiary organ of the [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly]]
* [[Commission on Narcotic Drugs]]
* Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
* [[Commission on Science and Technology for Development]] (CSTD)
* [[Commission on Sustainable Development]] (CSD) – Disbanded 2013, replaced with [[High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development]] a joint subsidiary body of the [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly]] and [[ECOSOC]]
* [[United Nations Commission on the Status of Women|UN Commission on the Status of Women]] (UN CSW)
The UN Commission on the Status of Women formally became a functional commission of the Economic and Social Council on 21 June 1946.<ref name="unwomen.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.unwomen.org/en/csw|title=Commission on the Status of Women|publisher=}}</ref> The UN Commission on the status of women is a global intergovernmental body dedicated to promoting gender equality, and empowering women.<ref name="unwomen.org"/> Originally, the proposal for the council was turned down with the thought that the Commission on Human Rights would be sufficient to deal with women's issues.<ref name="mpil.de">{{cite web |url= http://www.mpil.de/files/pdf3/mpunyb_01_2013.pdf|title=Research paper|website=.mpil.de}}</ref> Eventually at the urging of the then Danish delegate, Bodil Begtrup, the Commission on the Status of Women was formed as a freestanding functional commission, dedicated specifically to women's issues, in 1946.<ref name="mpil.de"/> Bodil Begtrup went on to become the first chair of the Commission on the Status of Women. The Commission on the Status of Women engages with the Commission on Human Rights and serves as a lobby specifically for women, often working closely with women's NGOs.<ref name="mpil.de"/> The commission was initially focused on women's rights to equality, gradually shifting to a focus on issues of women's education, social status, political equality etc.<ref name="mpil.de"/>
* [[Commission on Population and Development]]
* [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UN Statistical Commission]]
* [[United Nations Forum on Forests]]

== Regional commissions ==
* [[United Nations Economic Commission for Europe]] (ECE)
* [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa]] (ECA)
* [[United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean]] (ECLAC)
* [[United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific]] (ESCAP)
* [[United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia]] (ESCWA)

== Specialised agencies ==
These specialised agencies are autonomous organisations working with the United Nations and each other [[List of Latin phrases|''inter alia'']] through the coordinating machinery of the Economic and Social Council.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DNweDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&lpg=PA24&dq=These+specialised+agencies+are+autonomous+organisations+working+with+the+United+Nations+and+each+other+inter+alia+through+the+coordinating+machinery+of+the+Economic+and+Social+Council.&source=bl&ots=sEclIHID64&sig=S36Ui9cl4OYaD_6rOHRVa3qUiio&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW8cDP6dbZAhULNI8KHVdSAPwQ6AEISzAD#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Global Political Economy: Theory and Practice|last=Cohn|first=Theodore H.|date=2016-05-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317334828|language=en}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}
* [[International Labour Organization]] (ILO)
* [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] (FAO)
* [[United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization]] (UNESCO)
* [[World Health Organization]] (WHO)
* [[World Bank Group]]
** [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] (IBRD)
** [[International Development Association]] (IDA)
** [[International Finance Corporation]] (IFC)
** [[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency]] (MIGA)
** [[International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes]] (ICSID)
* [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF)
* [[International Civil Aviation Organization]] (ICAO)
* [[International Maritime Organization]] (IMO)
* [[International Telecommunication Union]] (ITU)
* [[Universal Postal Union]] (UPU)
* [[World Meteorological Organization]] (WMO)
* [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO)
* [[International Fund for Agricultural Development]] (IFAD)
* [[United Nations Industrial Development Organization]] (UNIDO)
* [[United Nations World Tourism Organization]] (UNWTO)

== Other related entities, mechanisms and processes ==
* [[Financing for Development]], the [[Monterrey Consensus]] and Doha Declaration
* Development Cooperation Forum
* [[United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues]] (UNPFII)
* Sessional and Standing Committees Expert, ad hoc and related bodies
* [[United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund]] (UNICEF)
* [[United Nations Interagency Task Force on the Prevention and Control of NCDs]] (UNIATF)
* [[International Federation for Family Development]] has general consultative status

== {{anchor|'The World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green Technological Transformation'}}"World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green Technological Transformation" ==

In a report issued in early July 2011, the UN called for spending nearly US$2&nbsp;trillion on [[green technologies]] to prevent what it termed "a major planetary catastrophe", warning that "It is rapidly expanding energy use, mainly driven by [[fossil fuels]], that explains why humanity is on the verge of breaching planetary [[sustainability]] boundaries through [[global warming]], [[biodiversity loss]], and disturbance of the [[nitrogen-cycle]] balance and other measures of the sustainability of the [[earth]]'s [[ecosystem]]".

[[UN Secretary-General]] [[Ban Ki-moon]] added: "Rather than viewing growth and sustainability as competing goals on a collision course, we must see them as complementary and mutually supportive imperatives". The report concluded that "Business as usual is not an option".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/tech-news/un-calls-for-technological-revolution-or-major-planetary-catastrophe_100547662.html |title=The World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green Technological Transformation' |accessdate=23 February 2011 |publisher=Thaindian News}}</ref>

== Reform of the Economic and Social Council ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=November 2010}}

Governance of the multilateral system has historically been complex and fragmented. This has limited the capacity of ECOSOC to influence international policies in trade, finance and investment. Reform proposals aim to enhance the relevance and contribution of the council. A major reform was approved by the [[2005 World Summit]] on the basis of proposals submitted by secretary-general [[Kofi Annan]].<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/sep/20/mainsection.commentanddebate2 Ian Williams, "Annan has paid his dues". ''The Guardian'', 19 September 2005]</ref> The Summit aimed to establish ECOSOC as a quality platform for high-level engagement among member states and with international financial institutions, the private sector and civil society on global trends, policies and action. It was decided to hold biennial high-level Development Cooperation Forums at the national-leadership level by transforming the high-level segment of the Council to review trends in international development cooperation and promote greater coherence in development activities. At the Summit it was also decided to hold annual ministerial-level substantive reviews to assess progress in achieving internationally agreed development goals (particularly the [[Millennium Development Goals]]). These "Annual Ministerial Reviews" will be replaced by the [[High Level Political Forum]] from 2016 onwards after the new post-MDG/post-2015 [[Sustainable Development Goals]] are agreed.

Subsequent proposals by the High-Level Panel Report on System-Wide Coherence in November 2006 aimed to establish a forum within the ECOSOC as a counter-model to the exclusive clubs of the [[G8]] and [[G20]]. The Forum was to comprise 27 heads of state (L27, corresponding to half of ECOSOC's membership) to meet annually and provide international leadership in the development area. This proposal, however, was not approved by the General Assembly.

== {{anchor|Chamber}}Chamber design ==
The Economic and Social Council Chamber in the [[United Nations Building|United Nations Conference Building]] was a gift from [[Sweden]]. It was conceived by Swedish architect [[Sven Markelius]], one of the 11 architects in the international team that designed the UN headquarters. Wood from Swedish pine trees was used in the delegates' area for the railings and doors.

The pipes and ducts in the ceiling above the public gallery were deliberately left exposed; the architect believed that anything useful could be left uncovered. The "unfinished" ceiling is a symbolic reminder that the economic and social work of the United Nations is never finished; there will always be something more which can be done to improve living conditions for the world's people.<ref>UN website.</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of organizations with consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council|List of organisations with consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council]]
* [[Copenhagen Consensus]]
* [[French Economic and Social Council]]
* [[European Economic and Social Committee]] (EU)
* ''[[Hard Choices: Moral Dilemmas in Humanitarian Intervention]]''
* [[International Court of Justice]]
* [[International Hydrological Programme]]
* [[UN Secretariat]]
* [[UN Security Council]]
* [[UN Trusteeship Council]]
* [[UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs]]
* [[Union of International Associations]]
* [[Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.un.org/en/ecosoc United Nations Economic and Social Council]
** [https://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/about/index.shtml UN Economic and Social Council – Background]
* [https://www.un.org/en/development United Nations Economic and Social Development page]
* [https://www.un.org/en/development/desa United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]
* [http://www.ngocongo.org Congo – Conference of UN NGO's]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060905211037/http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/un/reformindex.htm Global Policy Forum – Social and Economic Policy at the UN]
* [https://www.un.org/ United Nations]
* [http://www.un.org/french/pubs/chronique/2006/numero1/0106p54.htm The Group of Eight, ECOSOC and the Constitutional Paradox] {{link language|fr}}

{{ECOSOC}}
{{United Nations}}
{{UN Charter}}
{{Portal bar|United Nations}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:United Nations Economic And Social Council}}
[[Category:United Nations Economic and Social Council| ]]
[[Category:Economic development organizations]]
[[Category:United Nations organs]]

Revision as of 10:00, 17 December 2018

Conseil économique et social des Nations unies
Established1945; 79 years ago (1945)[1]
TypePrimary organ
Legal statusActive
Websitewww.un.org/en/ecosoc

Template:United Nations System

The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC; French: Conseil économique et social des Nations unies, CESNU) is one of the five principal organs of the United Nations, responsible for coordinating the economic, social, and related work of 15 UN specialized agencies, their functional commissions and five regional commissions. The ECOSOC has 54 members. The General Assembly selects 18 new members for ECOSOC each year for the term of 3 years with a provision that a retiring member can be re-elected. It holds one seven-week session each year in July, and since 1998, it has also held an annual meeting in April with finance ministers heading key committees of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

ECOSOC serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues and formulating policy recommendations addressed to member states and the United Nations system.[3] A number of non-governmental organisations have been granted consultative status to the Council to participate in the work of the United Nations.

President

The president is elected for a one-year term and chosen from the small or mid-sized powers represented on the ECOSOC.[2] Inga Rhonda King was elected seventy-fourth President of ECOSOC on 26 July 2018.[4] Ambassador King is currently the Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines to the United Nations in New York.

Presidents
Term President From
2019 Ms. Inga Rhonda King  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2018 Ms. Marie Chatardová  Czech Republic
2017 Mr. Marc Smith   Switzerland
2016 Mr. Frederick Musiiwa Makamure Shava  Zimbabwe
2015 Mr. Oh Joon South Korea Republic of Korea
2014 Mr. Martin Sajdik  Austria
2013 Mr. Néstor Osorio Londoño  Colombia
2012 Mr. Miloš Koterec  Slovakia
2011 Mr. Lazarous Kapambwe  Zambia
2010 Mr. Hamidon Ali  Malaysia
2009 Ms. Sylvie Lucas  Luxembourg
2008 Mr. Léo Mérorès  Haiti
2007 Mr. Dalius Čekuolis  Lithuania
2006 Mr. Ali Hachani  Tunisia
2005 Mr. Munir Akram  Pakistan

Members

See also: List of members of the United Nations Economic and Social Council

The Council has 54 member states out of the 193 UN member states, which are elected each year by the United Nations General Assembly for overlapping three-year terms. Seats on the Council are based on geographical representation with 14 allocated to African states, 11 to Asia-Pacific states, 6 to East European states, 10 to Latin American and Caribbean states and 13 to West European and other states.

Current[5]

Term African States (14) Asian States (11) Eastern European
States (6) 		Latin American &
Caribbean States (10) 		Western European &
Other States (13)
2018-20[6]  Ghana
 Malawi
 Morocco
 Sudan
 Togo 		 India
 Japan
 Philippines 		 Belarus  Ecuador
 El Salvador
 Mexico
 Uruguay 		 France
 Germany
 Ireland
 Spain
 Turkey
2017-19[7]  Benin
 Cameroon
 Chad
 Swaziland 		 China
Republic of Korea
 Tajikistan
 United Arab Emirates 		 Azerbaijan
 Russian Federation
 Romania 		 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Colombia
 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 		 Norway
 Denmark
 Andorra
 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2016-18  Algeria
 Somalia
 South Africa
 Rwanda
 Nigeria 		 Afghanistan
 Lebanon
 Iraq
 Viet Nam 		 Republic of Moldova
 Czech Republic 		 Chile
 Guyana
 Peru 		 Canada
 Italy
 Belgium
 United States of America

Previous

Term African States (14) Asian States (11) Eastern European
States (6) 		Latin American &
Caribbean States (10) 		Western European &
Other States (13)
2015-17  Burkina Faso
 Ghana
 Mauritania
 Uganda
 Zimbabwe 		 India
 Japan
 Pakistan 		 Estonia  Argentina
 Brazil
 Honduras
 Trinidad and Tobago 		 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Portugal
2014-16  Botswana
 Congo
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Togo 		 Bangladesh
 China
Republic of Korea
 Kazakhstan 		 Georgia
 Russian Federation
 Serbia 		 Antigua and Barbuda
 Guatemala
 Panama 		 Finland
 Sweden
  Switzerland
 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2013-15  Tunisia
 Benin
 Mauritius
 South Africa
 Sudan 		 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan
   Nepal
 Turkmenistan 		 Albania
 Croatia 		 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
 Colombia
 Haiti 		 Australia
 United States of America
 Italy
 San Marino
Before 2013  Botswana'  Bangladesh'  Albania  Antigua and Barbuda'  Austria
 Benin  China  Belarus  Bolivia (Plurinational State of)  Canada
 Burkina Faso  India  Bulgaria*  Brazil  Denmark
 Cameroon*  Indonesia  Croatia  Colombia  France
 Congo'  Japan  Georgia'  Cuba  Ireland*
 Democratic Republic of the Congo'  Kazakhstan'  Latvia*  Dominican Republic  Netherlands*
 Ethiopia  Kuwait  Russian Federation  Ecuador*  New Zealand
 Gabon*  Kyrgyzstan  Serbia'  El Salvador  San Marino
 Lesotho    Nepal  Guatemala'  Spain*
 Libya  Pakistan*  Haiti  Sweden
 Malawi*  Qatar*  Mexico*  Turkey*
 Mauritius Republic of Korea  Nicaragua*  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
 Nigeria  Turkmenistan  Panama'  United States of America
 Senegal*
 South Africa
 Sudan
 Togo'
 Tunisia
ECOSOC Resolution 2007/25: Support to Non-Self-Governing Territories by the specialised agencies and international institutions associated with the United Nations (26 July 2007)

Observer Inter-Governmental Autonomous organisations

Participation on a continuing basis:[8]

Participation on an ad hoc basis:[8]

  • African Accounting Council
  • African Cultural Institute
  • Arab Security Studies and Training Center
  • Council of Arab Ministers of the Interior
  • International Bauxite Association
  • International Civil Defence Organisation
  • Latin American Social Sciences Institute

Functional commissions

The UN Commission on the Status of Women formally became a functional commission of the Economic and Social Council on 21 June 1946.[9] The UN Commission on the status of women is a global intergovernmental body dedicated to promoting gender equality, and empowering women.[9] Originally, the proposal for the council was turned down with the thought that the Commission on Human Rights would be sufficient to deal with women's issues.[10] Eventually at the urging of the then Danish delegate, Bodil Begtrup, the Commission on the Status of Women was formed as a freestanding functional commission, dedicated specifically to women's issues, in 1946.[10] Bodil Begtrup went on to become the first chair of the Commission on the Status of Women. The Commission on the Status of Women engages with the Commission on Human Rights and serves as a lobby specifically for women, often working closely with women's NGOs.[10] The commission was initially focused on women's rights to equality, gradually shifting to a focus on issues of women's education, social status, political equality etc.[10]

Regional commissions

Specialised agencies

These specialised agencies are autonomous organisations working with the United Nations and each other inter alia through the coordinating machinery of the Economic and Social Council.[11][citation needed]

"World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green Technological Transformation"

In a report issued in early July 2011, the UN called for spending nearly US$2 trillion on green technologies to prevent what it termed "a major planetary catastrophe", warning that "It is rapidly expanding energy use, mainly driven by fossil fuels, that explains why humanity is on the verge of breaching planetary sustainability boundaries through global warming, biodiversity loss, and disturbance of the nitrogen-cycle balance and other measures of the sustainability of the earth's ecosystem".

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon added: "Rather than viewing growth and sustainability as competing goals on a collision course, we must see them as complementary and mutually supportive imperatives". The report concluded that "Business as usual is not an option".[12]

Reform of the Economic and Social Council

Governance of the multilateral system has historically been complex and fragmented. This has limited the capacity of ECOSOC to influence international policies in trade, finance and investment. Reform proposals aim to enhance the relevance and contribution of the council. A major reform was approved by the 2005 World Summit on the basis of proposals submitted by secretary-general Kofi Annan.[13] The Summit aimed to establish ECOSOC as a quality platform for high-level engagement among member states and with international financial institutions, the private sector and civil society on global trends, policies and action. It was decided to hold biennial high-level Development Cooperation Forums at the national-leadership level by transforming the high-level segment of the Council to review trends in international development cooperation and promote greater coherence in development activities. At the Summit it was also decided to hold annual ministerial-level substantive reviews to assess progress in achieving internationally agreed development goals (particularly the Millennium Development Goals). These "Annual Ministerial Reviews" will be replaced by the High Level Political Forum from 2016 onwards after the new post-MDG/post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals are agreed.

Subsequent proposals by the High-Level Panel Report on System-Wide Coherence in November 2006 aimed to establish a forum within the ECOSOC as a counter-model to the exclusive clubs of the G8 and G20. The Forum was to comprise 27 heads of state (L27, corresponding to half of ECOSOC's membership) to meet annually and provide international leadership in the development area. This proposal, however, was not approved by the General Assembly.

Chamber design

The Economic and Social Council Chamber in the United Nations Conference Building was a gift from Sweden. It was conceived by Swedish architect Sven Markelius, one of the 11 architects in the international team that designed the UN headquarters. Wood from Swedish pine trees was used in the delegates' area for the railings and doors.

The pipes and ducts in the ceiling above the public gallery were deliberately left exposed; the architect believed that anything useful could be left uncovered. The "unfinished" ceiling is a symbolic reminder that the economic and social work of the United Nations is never finished; there will always be something more which can be done to improve living conditions for the world's people.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ "About Us - UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL". www.un.org.
  2. ^ a b "ECOSOC President 2018 Her Excellency Inga Rhonda King | UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL". United Nations. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  3. ^ "Background Information". UN Economic and Social Council.
  4. ^ "Opening 2019 Session, Economic and Social Council Elects New President, Adopts Provisional Agenda, Other Organizational Matters" (Press release). New York. 26 July 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  5. ^ "Members | UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL". Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  6. ^ "General Assembly Unanimously Adopts Text Creating United Nations Counter-Terrorism Office; Elects 18 Members to Economic and Social Council | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases". www.un.org.
  7. ^ "General Assembly Elects 18 Members of Economic and Social Council, Also Adopts Texts, Including One Designating 29 June International Day of Tropics | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases". www.un.org.
  8. ^ a b ECOSOC observers, Part V Archived 22 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ a b "Commission on the Status of Women".
  10. ^ a b c d "Research paper" (PDF). .mpil.de.
  11. ^ Cohn, Theodore H. (2016-05-05). Global Political Economy: Theory and Practice. Routledge. ISBN 9781317334828.
  12. ^ "The World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green Technological Transformation'". Thaindian News. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
  13. ^ Ian Williams, "Annan has paid his dues". The Guardian, 19 September 2005
  14. ^ UN website.
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