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'''Walter |
'''Walter Le Montais Giffard''' (May 27, 1856 – June 30, 1929) was a Hawaiian diplomat and a member of [[Liliʻuokalani's Privy Council of State]]. He was born on the [[Jersey|Island of Jersey]] in Great Britain and moved to Hawaii at a young age, working his way up through the [[William G. Irwin|W. G. Irwin & Co., Ltd]] organization to partnership and trustee. Giffard was one of the consulting landscape architects for the grounds of the [[Royal Hawaiian Hotel]] in Waikiki. He was influential in the agricultural quarantine to protect Hawaii's sugar cane fields, and helped introduce the Yellow Caledonia cane to the growers. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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He was born May 27, 1856, Island of Jersey, Great Britain, relocated to Hawaii in 1875 and was employed as a clerk by Honolulu merchant John T. Waterhouse. About a year later, he began working for [[William G. Irwin|W. G. Irwin & Co., Ltd]] as a bookkeeper, and by 1890 was secretary and treasurer. Irwin was then president and manager, with [[Claus Spreckels]] as vice president.<ref>{{cite news |title=Wm. G. Irwin Co., Limited |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44491265/wm_g_irwin_co_limited/ |work=Evening Bulletin |date=August 29, 1890}}</ref> Over the next several years, Giffard worked his way up in Irwin's company to become vice-president. He was a director and co-trustee with W. G. Irwin for all affiliated corporations under the Irwin umbrella.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Story |
He was born May 27, 1856, Island of Jersey, Great Britain, relocated to Hawaii in 1875 and was employed as a clerk by Honolulu merchant John T. Waterhouse. About a year later, he began working for [[William G. Irwin|W. G. Irwin & Co., Ltd]] as a bookkeeper, and by 1890 was secretary and treasurer. Irwin was then president and manager, with [[Claus Spreckels]] as vice president.<ref>{{cite news |title=Wm. G. Irwin Co., Limited |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44491265/wm_g_irwin_co_limited/ |work=Evening Bulletin |date=August 29, 1890}}</ref> Over the next several years, Giffard worked his way up in Irwin's company to become vice-president. He was a director and co-trustee with W. G. Irwin for all affiliated corporations under the Irwin umbrella.<ref name=Builders>{{cite book |title= The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders |year=1925 |publisher= [[Honolulu Star Bulletin]] |editor= George F. Nellist |url= http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/bios/giffard367bs.txt |chapter= Walter Le M. Giffard}}</ref> |
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==Government and civic service== |
==Government and civic service== |
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His diplomatic service included Acting Chancellor of French Legation for three years, Acting French Commissioner and Consul General for one year; Acting Commissioner and Consul General for Portugal |
His diplomatic service included Acting Chancellor of the French Legation in Hawaii for three years, Acting French Commissioner and Consul General for one year; Acting Commissioner and Consul General for Portugal in Hawaii for three months. He was appointed to [[Liliʻuokalani's Privy Council of State]] on August 25, 1891, but did not attend the council meetings, so as to avoid the appearance of conflict of interest with his diplomatic obligations.<ref>{{harvnb|Siddall|1917|p=119}}; {{cite web|title=Privy Council of State office record|work=state archives digital collections|publisher=state of Hawaii|url=https://digitalcollections.hawaii.gov/greenstone3/sites/localsite/collect/governm2/index/assoc/HASHdea7.dir/doc.pdf}}</ref> |
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In 1896, the legislature of the [[Republic of Hawaii]] authorized an increase in postal rates for 1897, and ordered that all existing unused postage in the old denominations to be destroyed. Giffard was appointed to the Committee to Destroy Postage Stamps, Postcards and Stamped Envelopes, that oversaw the destruction.<ref name=HIArchives/> It was estimated that over $100,000 (Hawaiian dollars) worth of the old postage (in denominations from 3¢ to $1) was incinerated.<ref>{{cite news |title=Stamp Cremator |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85047084/1897-01-29/ed-1/seq-1/ |work=The Pacific Commercial Advertiser |date=January 29, 1897 |page=1, col. 5}}</ref> |
In 1896, the legislature of the [[Republic of Hawaii]] authorized an increase in postal rates for 1897, and ordered that all existing unused postage in the old denominations to be destroyed. Giffard was appointed to the Committee to Destroy Postage Stamps, Postcards and Stamped Envelopes, that oversaw the destruction.<ref name=HIArchives/> It was estimated that over $100,000 (Hawaiian dollars) worth of the old postage (in denominations from 3¢ to $1) was incinerated.<ref>{{cite news |title=Stamp Cremator |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85047084/1897-01-29/ed-1/seq-1/ |work=The Pacific Commercial Advertiser |date=January 29, 1897 |page=1, col. 5}}</ref> |
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Giffard was with the Honolulu Park Commission for eight years and three months, for the period |
Giffard was with the Honolulu Park Commission for eight years and three months, for the period January 12, 1904 through October 21, 1912. He served on the Board of Agriculture and Forestry in 1903, becoming its president for 1907. He continued as a member of the board up through 1923.<ref name=HIArchives>{{cite web|title=Giffard, Walter M. office record|work=state archives digital collections|publisher=state of Hawaii|url=https://digitalcollections.hawaii.gov/greenstone3/sites/localsite/collect/governm1/index/assoc/HASH1afd/0f603ef2.dir/doc.pdf|access-date=January 4, 2019}}</ref> |
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He was 1906–7 president of the Honolulu Chamber of Commerce |
He was 1906–7 president of the Honolulu Chamber of Commerce,<ref>{{cite news |title=Election of Officers – Honolulu Chamber of Commerce |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44557451/election_of_officers_honolulu_chamber/ |work=The Honolulu Advertiser |date=August 18, 1906}}</ref> commissioner of [[Kapiolani Park]], and secretary-treasurer of the Kapiolani Park Association.{{sfn|Siddall|1917|p=119}} |
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==Horticulture and forestry== |
==Horticulture and forestry== |
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| ⚫ | By 1903, the destructive [[Leafhopper|cane leafhopper]] had invaded the sugarcane fields and threatened to eviscerate the industry. Giffard's interest in horticulture and forestry led to his being on the Board of Trustees of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association, as well twice chairman of Hawaiian Sugar Planters Experimental Station committee.{{sfn|Siddall|1917|p=119}} Under his leadership, the Experimental Station was reorganized, and the destructive cane leafhopper was brought under control through the introduction of [[parasitoid]]s.<ref name=Builders/> His efforts on behalf of the sugar industry were instrumental in importation of the Yellow Caledonia cane, a species with natural resistance to the cane leafhopper.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Jared G. |title=Walter M. Giffard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44388492/walter_m_giffard_by_jared_g_smith/ |work=The Honolulu Advertiser |date=July 2, 1929}}</ref>{{sfn|Dine|1911|pp=23-25}} He was a founding member president of the [[Hawaiian Entomological Society]].{{sfn|Siddall|1917|p=119}} |
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| ⚫ | Giffard's interest in horticulture and forestry led to his being on the Board of Trustees of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association, as well |
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While serving as secretary and executive officer of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry in 1904, he was appointed to act in place of president [[Lorrin A. Thurston]] who was temporarily out of the territory.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thousands of Trees |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85047084/1904-01-21/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=The Pacific Commercial Advertiser |date=January 21, 1904 |page=2, col. 3}}</ref> |
While serving as secretary and executive officer of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry in 1904, he was appointed to act in place of president [[Lorrin A. Thurston]] who was temporarily out of the territory.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thousands of Trees |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85047084/1904-01-21/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=The Pacific Commercial Advertiser |date=January 21, 1904 |page=2, col. 3}}</ref> |
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California landscape architect R. T. Stevens counseled with Giffard |
California landscape architect R. T. Stevens counseled with Giffard on the design of the grounds landscaping of the modern-day [[Royal Hawaiian Hotel]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Landscape – Royal Hawaiian Hotel – planned by Walter M. Giffard and R. T. Stevens |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44459880/landscape_royal_hawaiian_hotel/ |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date=May 22, 1926}}; {{cite news |title=Island Touch to Landscaping of New Hotel |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44461388/island_touch_to_landscaping_of_new_hotel/ |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date=May 22, 1926}}</ref> Built by [[Castle & Cooke]] in 1925–1926, it replaced a Waikiki hotel of the same name that had been transferred to the federal government for use as the Army and Navy YMCA in 1917. The original Royal Hawaiian Hotel had been built by [[Robert Lewers]] in 1872, used as a home by King [[Kalākaua]], and later managed by [[George MacFarlane]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Choose 'Royal Hawaiian' For Hotel's Name |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44607412/choose_royal_hawaiian_for_hotels_name/ |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date=August 11, 1925}}; {{cite news |title=Young Gives Transfer Deed to Wakefield |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1917-08-03/ed-2/seq-1/ |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date=August 3, 1917 |page=1, col. 2}}</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
==Personal life== |
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He married Martha Petre Brickwood of Honolulu, June 30, 1881, with whom he had a daughter Jane and son Harold. His son Duboit was from a former marriage.{{sfn|Siddall|1917|p=119}} |
He married Martha Petre Brickwood of Honolulu, June 30, 1881, with whom he had a daughter Jane and son Harold. His son Duboit was from a former marriage.{{sfn|Siddall|1917|p=119}} |
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Giffard was a member the Pacific and Oahu Country Clubs, and of Hawaiian Lodge, No. 21, F. & A. M. [[Shriners]],{{sfn|Siddall|1917|p=119}} |
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He died June 30, 1929.<ref>{{cite news |title=W. M. Giffard, Kamaaina, Dies; Rites Tuesday, pt. 1 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44388945/w_m_giffard_kamaaina_dies_rites/ |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date=July 1, 1929}}; {{cite news |title=Walter M. Giffard, Business Leader, Dies, pt. 2 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44389126/walter_m_giffard_business_leader/ |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date=July 1, 1929}}</ref> |
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==Bibliography== |
==Bibliography== |
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*{{cite book |last1=Siddall |first1=John William. |title=Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands: volume 1 |date=1917 |publisher=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008637263 |
*{{cite book |last1=Siddall |first1=John William. |title=Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands: volume 1 |date=1917 |publisher=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008637263}} |
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*{{cite journal |last1=Dine |first1=Delos Lewis Van |title=The Sugar-cane Insects of Hawaii |date=1911 |volume=91-93 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WTtDAAAAYAAJ&q=giffard&pg=PA25 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:1856 births]] |
[[Category:1856 births]] |
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[[Category:1929 deaths]] |
[[Category:1929 deaths]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Jersey businesspeople]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:British horticulturists]] |
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[[Category:Members of the Hawaiian Kingdom Privy Council]] |
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[[Category:People from Honolulu]] |
[[Category:People from Honolulu]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:British emigrants to the Hawaiian Kingdom]] |
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Latest revision as of 18:02, 21 February 2024
Walter M. Giffard | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | May 27, 1856 Island of Jersey, Great Britain |
| Died | September 30, 1929 (aged 73) |
| Nationality | Kingdom of Hawaii |
| Occupation(s) | Business man Diplomat Horticulturist |
| Spouse | Martha Petre Brickwood |
| Children | 3 |
Walter Le Montais Giffard (May 27, 1856 – June 30, 1929) was a Hawaiian diplomat and a member of Liliʻuokalani's Privy Council of State. He was born on the Island of Jersey in Great Britain and moved to Hawaii at a young age, working his way up through the W. G. Irwin & Co., Ltd organization to partnership and trustee. Giffard was one of the consulting landscape architects for the grounds of the Royal Hawaiian Hotel in Waikiki. He was influential in the agricultural quarantine to protect Hawaii's sugar cane fields, and helped introduce the Yellow Caledonia cane to the growers.
Early life
[edit]He was born May 27, 1856, Island of Jersey, Great Britain, relocated to Hawaii in 1875 and was employed as a clerk by Honolulu merchant John T. Waterhouse. About a year later, he began working for W. G. Irwin & Co., Ltd as a bookkeeper, and by 1890 was secretary and treasurer. Irwin was then president and manager, with Claus Spreckels as vice president.[1] Over the next several years, Giffard worked his way up in Irwin's company to become vice-president. He was a director and co-trustee with W. G. Irwin for all affiliated corporations under the Irwin umbrella.[2]
Government and civic service
[edit]His diplomatic service included Acting Chancellor of the French Legation in Hawaii for three years, Acting French Commissioner and Consul General for one year; Acting Commissioner and Consul General for Portugal in Hawaii for three months. He was appointed to Liliʻuokalani's Privy Council of State on August 25, 1891, but did not attend the council meetings, so as to avoid the appearance of conflict of interest with his diplomatic obligations.[3]
In 1896, the legislature of the Republic of Hawaii authorized an increase in postal rates for 1897, and ordered that all existing unused postage in the old denominations to be destroyed. Giffard was appointed to the Committee to Destroy Postage Stamps, Postcards and Stamped Envelopes, that oversaw the destruction.[4] It was estimated that over $100,000 (Hawaiian dollars) worth of the old postage (in denominations from 3¢ to $1) was incinerated.[5]
Giffard was with the Honolulu Park Commission for eight years and three months, for the period January 12, 1904 through October 21, 1912. He served on the Board of Agriculture and Forestry in 1903, becoming its president for 1907. He continued as a member of the board up through 1923.[4]
He was 1906–7 president of the Honolulu Chamber of Commerce,[6] commissioner of Kapiolani Park, and secretary-treasurer of the Kapiolani Park Association.[7]
Horticulture and forestry
[edit]By 1903, the destructive cane leafhopper had invaded the sugarcane fields and threatened to eviscerate the industry. Giffard's interest in horticulture and forestry led to his being on the Board of Trustees of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association, as well twice chairman of Hawaiian Sugar Planters Experimental Station committee.[7] Under his leadership, the Experimental Station was reorganized, and the destructive cane leafhopper was brought under control through the introduction of parasitoids.[2] His efforts on behalf of the sugar industry were instrumental in importation of the Yellow Caledonia cane, a species with natural resistance to the cane leafhopper.[8][9] He was a founding member president of the Hawaiian Entomological Society.[7]
While serving as secretary and executive officer of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry in 1904, he was appointed to act in place of president Lorrin A. Thurston who was temporarily out of the territory.[10]
California landscape architect R. T. Stevens counseled with Giffard on the design of the grounds landscaping of the modern-day Royal Hawaiian Hotel.[11] Built by Castle & Cooke in 1925–1926, it replaced a Waikiki hotel of the same name that had been transferred to the federal government for use as the Army and Navy YMCA in 1917. The original Royal Hawaiian Hotel had been built by Robert Lewers in 1872, used as a home by King Kalākaua, and later managed by George MacFarlane.[12]
Personal life
[edit]He married Martha Petre Brickwood of Honolulu, June 30, 1881, with whom he had a daughter Jane and son Harold. His son Duboit was from a former marriage.[7]
Giffard was a member the Pacific and Oahu Country Clubs, and of Hawaiian Lodge, No. 21, F. & A. M. Shriners,[7]
He died June 30, 1929.[13]
Bibliography
[edit]- Siddall, John William. (1917). Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands: volume 1. Honolulu Star-Bulletin.
- Dine, Delos Lewis Van (1911). "The Sugar-cane Insects of Hawaii". 91–93. U.S. Government Printing Office.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)
References
[edit]- ^ "Wm. G. Irwin Co., Limited". Evening Bulletin. August 29, 1890.
- ^ a b George F. Nellist, ed. (1925). "Walter Le M. Giffard". The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders. Honolulu Star Bulletin.
- ^ Siddall 1917, p. 119; "Privy Council of State office record" (PDF). state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii.
- ^ a b "Giffard, Walter M. office record" (PDF). state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
- ^ "Stamp Cremator". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. January 29, 1897. p. 1, col. 5.
- ^ "Election of Officers – Honolulu Chamber of Commerce". The Honolulu Advertiser. August 18, 1906.
- ^ a b c d e Siddall 1917, p. 119.
- ^ Smith, Jared G. (July 2, 1929). "Walter M. Giffard". The Honolulu Advertiser.
- ^ Dine 1911, pp. 23–25.
- ^ "Thousands of Trees". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. January 21, 1904. p. 2, col. 3.
- ^ "Landscape – Royal Hawaiian Hotel – planned by Walter M. Giffard and R. T. Stevens". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. May 22, 1926.; "Island Touch to Landscaping of New Hotel". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. May 22, 1926.
- ^ "Choose 'Royal Hawaiian' For Hotel's Name". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. August 11, 1925.; "Young Gives Transfer Deed to Wakefield". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. August 3, 1917. p. 1, col. 2.
- ^ "W. M. Giffard, Kamaaina, Dies; Rites Tuesday, pt. 1". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. July 1, 1929.; "Walter M. Giffard, Business Leader, Dies, pt. 2". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. July 1, 1929.
External links
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