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|birth_date={{birth date|1916|3|27|df=y}}
|birth_date={{birth date|1916|3|27|df=y}}
|death_date={{death date and age|1985|11|25|1916|3|27|df=y}}
|death_date={{death date and age|1985|11|25|1916|3|27|df=y}}
|birth_place= [[Lug, Germany|Lug]] near [[Bad Bergzabern]]
|birth_place= [[Lug, Germany]]
|death_place=[[Heidelberg]]
|death_place=[[Heidelberg]]
|placeofburial=Heidelberg, ''Bergfriedhof''
|placeofburial=
|image=Walther Dahl.jpg
|image=[[File:Walther Dahl.jpg|160px]]
|caption=Walther Dahl
|caption=
|nickname=''Rammdahl''
|nickname=
|allegiance={{flag|Nazi Germany}}
|allegiance={{flag|Nazi Germany}}
|serviceyears=1935–45
|serviceyears=1935–45
|rank=[[Oberst]]
|rank=[[Oberst]]
|branch={{Luftwaffe}}
|branch=[[Luftwaffe]]
|commands=III./[[Jagdgeschwader 3|JG 3]], [[JG 300]]
|commands=[[JG 300]]
|unit=[[Jagdgeschwader 3|JG 3]], [[JG 300]], [[EJG 2]]
|unit=<!---[[Jagdgeschwader 3|JG 3]], [[JG 300]], [[EJG 2]]--->
|battles=World War II
|battles=[[World War II]]
*[[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]]
<!--*[[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]]
*[[Defense of the Reich]]
*[[Defense of the Reich]]-->
|awards=[[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
|awards=[[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
|laterwork=}}
|laterwork=}}


'''Walther Dahl''' (27 March 1916 – 25 November 1985) was a German ''[[Luftwaffe]]'' officer and a [[fighter ace]]. He was a recipient of the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]] during [[World War II]]. A flying ace or fighter ace is a [[military aviation|military aviator]] credited with shooting down five or more enemy [[aircraft]] during aerial combat.{{sfn|Spick|1996|pp=3–4}} Dahl claimed some 128 enemy aircraft shot down in 678 missions, including about 300 [[close air support|ground-attack]] missions.{{sfn|Spick|1996|p=230}}
'''Walther Dahl''' (27 March 1916 – 25 November 1985) was a German pilot and a [[fighter ace]] during [[World War II]]. He was a recipient of the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]] of [[Nazi Germany]]. Dahl claimed some 128 enemy aircraft shot down in 678 missions.{{sfn|Spick|1996|p=230}}

==Early life and career==
⚫
Dahl was born on 27 March 1916 in [[Lug, Germany|Lug]] near [[Bad Bergzabern]], son of a school teacher who was killed in action in 1918 in [[World War I]]. Dahl joined the military service in October 1935, initially serving with an infantry regiment before transferring to ''Infantrie-Regiment'' 119 in [[Stuttgart]] on 6 October 1936. On 18 January 1938, Dahl was promoted to ''[[Leutnant]]'' (second lieutenant) of the [[Military reserve force|Reserves]] with an effective date as of 1 January 1938.{{sfn|Stockert|2008|p=40}}

In October 1938, Dahl quit his service with the ''[[German Army (Wehrmacht)|Heer]]'' (army) and joined the ''[[Schutzpolizei (Nazi Germany)|Schutzpolizei]]'' (police) on 29 October 1938. In May 1939, Dahl resigned and joined the ''[[Luftwaffe]]'' (air force) becoming a fighter pilot.{{sfn|Stockert|2008|p=40}}


==World War II==
==World War II==
⚫
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-674-7765-17, Bei Alikendorf, abgeschossene B 24.jpg|thumb|upright|shot down Consolidated [[B-24 Liberator]] of the [[492d Bombardment Group]] after the aerial battle at [[Oschersleben]] on 7 July 1944]]
[[File:Fw 190 A8 Dahl Wiki.jpg|thumb|left|Fw 190 A-8/R2 flown by Major Walter Dahl, CO of IV.(Sturm)/JG 300]]
⚫
Dahl was born on 27 March 1916 in [[Lug, Germany|Lug]] near [[Bad Bergzabern]], son of a school teacher who was killed in action in 1918 in [[World War I]]. Dahl joined the military service in October 1935, and transferred to the [[Luftwaffe]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stockert|2008|p=40}} In May 1941 Dahl was posted to [[Jagdgeschwader 3|''Jagdgeschwader'' 3]] (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing) and claimed his first victory on 22 June during the first day of the invasion of the Soviet Union.
By May 1941 Dahl was part of the ''[[Stab (Luftwaffe designation)|Geschwaderstab]]'' (headquarters unit) of [[Jagdgeschwader 3|''Jagdgeschwader'' 3]] (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing) and claimed his first victory on 22 June during the first day of the invasion of the Soviet Union. In July Dahl transferred to II. Gruppe of JG 3. By the end of October Dahl had 17 claims. He was then transferred to 4 staffel, JG 3 in December 1941 before the unit was posted to the Mediterranean theatre. He claimed a [[Supermarine Spitfire|Spitfire]] over Malta on 1 April 1942 and on 10 April 1942 Dahl was made ''[[Staffelkapitän]]'', ''Ergänzungsgruppe'', JG 3.


⚫
On 21 May 1944, Dahl was appointed commander of ''Jagdgeschwader zur besonderen Verwendung'' (JG z.b.V.—a special purpose fighter wing). He led the unit until taking command of [[Jagdgeschwader 300|''Jagdgeschwader'' 300]] (JG&nbsp;300—300th Fighter Wing) on 27 June 1944. Dahl set up his ''[[Stab (Luftwaffe designation)|Geschwaderstab]]'' (headquarters unit) at [[Ansbach]], planning combined operations with JG&nbsp;3 "Udet".{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=206}} JG&nbsp;300 was to become famous for flying the heavily armed and armored [[Focke-Wulf Fw 190|Focke Wulf FW 190A-8 "Sturmbock"]] in close formation, driving in their attacks to [[point-blank range]]. As a last resort, after depletion of all ammunition, the pilots had to ram enemy bombers.
In April 1943, Dahl was transferred to the staff of the ''[[General der Jagdflieger]]''. In August, Dahl was next appointed ''Geschwaderadjutant'', JG 3 on the Eastern Front where he had raised his total to 51, being awarded the [[German Cross]] in Gold ({{lang|de|''Deutsches Kreuz in Gold''}}) in December 1942.

On 20 July 1943, Dahl was posted as ''[[Gruppenkommandeur]]'' III./JG 3 and relocated to Münster from [[Kursk]]. He claimed 2 four-engined bombers on 6 September and 2 more four-engined bombers (and a P-38) on 23 February 1944.

Dahl led a III./JG 3 formation against the Schweinfurt and Regensburg raid of 17 August 1943 but was intercepted by Spitfires of No. 222 Squadron. III./JG 3 lost 5 Bf 109s shot down including Dahl who had to make a [[belly landing]] in his Bf 109 G-6. Major Dahl was awarded the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross]] ({{lang|de|''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes''}}) in March 1944 for 67 victories.

===Wing commander===
⚫
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-674-7765-17, Bei Alikendorf, abgeschossene B 24.jpg|thumb|left|shot down Consolidated [[B-24 Liberator]] of the [[492d Bombardment Group]] after the aerial battle at [[Oschersleben]] on 7 July 1944]]
⚫
On 21 May 1944, Dahl was appointed ''[[Geschwaderkommodore]]'' (wing commander) of ''Jagdgeschwader zur besonderen Verwendung'' (JG z.b.V.—a special purpose fighter wing). He led the unit until taking command of [[Jagdgeschwader 300|''Jagdgeschwader'' 300]] (JG&nbsp;300—300th Fighter Wing) on 27 June 1944. Dahl set up his ''[[Stab (Luftwaffe designation)|Geschwaderstab]]'' (headquarters unit) at [[Ansbach]], planning combined operations with JG&nbsp;3 "Udet".{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=206}} JG&nbsp;300 was to become famous for flying the heavily armed and armored [[Focke-Wulf Fw 190|Focke Wulf FW 190A-8 "Sturmbock"]] in close formation, driving in their attacks to [[point-blank range]]. As a last resort, after depletion of all ammunition, the pilots had to ram enemy bombers.


On 7 July 1944, a force of 1,129 [[B-17 Flying Fortress]]es and [[B-24 Liberator]]s of the [[United States Army Air Forces]] (USAAF) [[Eighth Air Force]] set out from England to bomb aircraft factories in the [[Leipzig]] area and the synthetic oil plants at [[Boehlen]], [[Leuna]]-[[Merseburg]] and Lützkendorf. This force was divided into three prongs. The first group consisted of 373 B-24s, the second force of the [[3rd Bomb Division]] was made up of 303 B-17s, and the third wave was made up of 450 B-17s. A series of accidents at the start of the mission allowed the ''Luftwaffe'' to focus their attacks on the B-24 force.{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=211}} This formation was intercepted by a German ''Gefechtsverband'' consisting of IV.(Sturm) ''Gruppe'' [[Jagdgeschwader 3]] escorted by two ''Gruppen'' of Bf 109s from JG 300 led by Dahl. Dahl drove the attack to point-blank range behind the Liberators of the 492nd Bomb Group before opening fire. 492nd Bomb Group was temporarily without fighter cover. Within about a minute the entire squadron of twelve B-24s had been annihilated. The Germans claimed 28 USAAF [[2nd Air Division]] B-24s that day and were credited with at least 21.{{sfn|Caldwell|Muller|2007|p=216}} The majority to the Sturmgruppe attack. IV./JG 3 lost nine fighters shot down and three more suffered damage and made crash landings; five of the unit's pilots were killed.<ref>Dahl 2000, pp. 46–66</ref>{{sfn|Weal|1996|p=78}} On this mission, Dahl was credited with his 72nd aerial victory, a B-24 shot down in the vicinity of [[Quedlinburg]].{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=213}}
On 7 July 1944, a force of 1,129 [[B-17 Flying Fortress]]es and [[B-24 Liberator]]s of the [[United States Army Air Forces]] (USAAF) [[Eighth Air Force]] set out from England to bomb aircraft factories in the [[Leipzig]] area and the synthetic oil plants at [[Boehlen]], [[Leuna]]-[[Merseburg]] and Lützkendorf. This force was divided into three prongs. The first group consisted of 373 B-24s, the second force of the [[3rd Bomb Division]] was made up of 303 B-17s, and the third wave was made up of 450 B-17s. A series of accidents at the start of the mission allowed the ''Luftwaffe'' to focus their attacks on the B-24 force.{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=211}} This formation was intercepted by a German ''Gefechtsverband'' consisting of IV.(Sturm) ''Gruppe'' [[Jagdgeschwader 3]] escorted by two ''Gruppen'' of Bf 109s from JG 300 led by Dahl. Dahl drove the attack to point-blank range behind the Liberators of the 492nd Bomb Group before opening fire. 492nd Bomb Group was temporarily without fighter cover. Within about a minute the entire squadron of twelve B-24s had been annihilated. The Germans claimed 28 USAAF [[2nd Air Division]] B-24s that day and were credited with at least 21.{{sfn|Caldwell|Muller|2007|p=216}} The majority to the Sturmgruppe attack. IV./JG 3 lost nine fighters shot down and three more suffered damage and made crash landings; five of the unit's pilots were killed.<ref>Dahl 2000, pp. 46–66</ref>{{sfn|Weal|1996|p=78}} On this mission, Dahl was credited with his 72nd aerial victory, a B-24 shot down in the vicinity of [[Quedlinburg]].{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=213}}


[[File:Ellgaard, Ich ramme 1944.jpg|thumb|right|A 1944 drawing by [[Helmuth Ellgaard]] illustrating "ramming"]]
[[File:Ellgaard, Ich ramme 1944.jpg|thumb|upright|A 1944 drawing by [[Helmuth Ellgaard]] illustrating "ramming"]]
On 13 September, Dahl claimed to have brought down a [[B-17 Flying Fortress|B-17]] four-engined bomber by [[Aerial ramming|ramming]] according to his own account. Lorant and Goyat, the historians of JG 300, found no evidence of a corresponding loss in US archives.{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=325}}
On 13 September, Dahl claimed to have brought down a [[B-17 Flying Fortress|B-17]] four-engined bomber by [[Aerial ramming|ramming]] according to his own account. Lorant and Goyat, the historians of JG 300, found no evidence of a corresponding loss in US archives.{{sfn|Lorant|Goyat|2005|p=325}}

For his personal exploits and that of his unit, Dahl was dubbed ''Rammdahl'' again according to his own account. On the morning of 30 November 1944, Dahl was informed that [[Reichsmarschall]] [[Hermann Göring]] was coming to visit the troops and to present Dahl with the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross. At 12:20 pm Göring and [[Generaloberst]] [[Bruno Loerzer]] arrived and Dahl made a formal report. Soon the discussion came to the question of whether Dahl believed that given these bad weather conditions the ''Geschwader'' could not engage in combat. Dahl explained that in only good conditions would they stand a chance against the overwhelming odds, as they were outnumbered 20:1. He also referred to the inexperience and inadequate training of his young pilots. Into this situation came the news of an approaching bomber formation. Göring ordered Dahl to take off and engage the enemy. Dahl stood his ground and continuously refused to obey. Göring became furious and threatened Dahl with [[court martial]] and execution. Only the arriving General [[Adolf Galland]], who confirmed Dahl's opinion, saved Dahl from severe punishment. Nevertheless, Dahl was immediately relieved from his command and sent on sick leave. Subsequently, Dahl was not presented with the Oak Leaves that day.<ref>Dahl 2000, p. 154–165</ref>{{third-party-inline|date=March 2017}}


On 26 January 1945, [[Hermann Göring]] appointed him ''Inspekteur der Tagjäger'' ([[Inspector of the Day Fighters]]). Despite his promotion, Dahl continued to fly operationally. On 28 February 1945, Dahl was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 98th ''Luftwaffe'' pilot to achieve the century mark.{{sfn|Obermaier|1989|p=243}}
On 26 January 1945, [[Hermann Göring]] appointed him ''Inspekteur der Tagjäger'' ([[Inspector of the Day Fighters]]). Despite his promotion, Dahl continued to fly operationally. On 28 February 1945, Dahl was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 98th ''Luftwaffe'' pilot to achieve the century mark.{{sfn|Obermaier|1989|p=243}}
Line 61: Line 46:


==Awards==
==Awards==
* [[Iron Cross]] (1939) 2nd and 1st class
<!---* [[Iron Cross]] (1939) 2nd and 1st class--->
* [[Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe]] (23 December 1941){{sfn|Obermaier|1989|p=72}}
* [[Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe]] (23 December 1941){{sfn|Obermaier|1989|p=72}}
* [[German Cross]] in Gold on 2 December 1942 as ''[[Oberleutnant]]'' in the Stab/JG 3{{sfn|Patzwall|Scherzer|2001|p=77}}
* [[German Cross]] in Gold on 2 December 1942 as ''[[Oberleutnant]]'' in the Stab/JG 3{{sfn|Patzwall|Scherzer|2001|p=77}}
* [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
* [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
** Knight's Cross on 11 March 1944 as ''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' and ''[[Gruppenkommandeur]]'' of the III./JG 3 "Udet"{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=264}}
** Knight's Cross on 11 March 1944 as ''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' and ''[[Gruppenkommandeur]]'' of the III./JG 3 "Udet"{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=264}}
** 724th Oak Leaves on 1 February 1945 as ''Major'' and ''[[Geschwaderkommodore]]'' of JG 300{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=264}}
** Oak Leaves on 1 February 1945 as ''Major'' and ''[[Geschwaderkommodore]]'' of JG 300{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=264}}
* Mentioned in the ''[[Wehrmachtbericht]]'' on 8 July 1944


==References==
==References==
Line 251: Line 235:
|isbn=978-1-85532-595-1
|isbn=978-1-85532-595-1
|ref=harv
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|year=1985
|title=Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939-1945 Band 3, 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945
|trans_title=The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 3, 1 January 1944 to 9 May 1945
|language=German
|location=München, Germany
|publisher=Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
|isbn=978-3-423-05944-2
|ref={{sfnRef|Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 3}}
}}
}}
{{Refend}}
{{Refend}}

Revision as of 22:34, 17 June 2017

Walther Dahl
File:Walther Dahl.jpg
Born(1916-03-27)27 March 1916
Lug, Germany
Died25 November 1985(1985-11-25) (aged 69)
Heidelberg
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/branchLuftwaffe
Years of service1935–45
RankOberst
CommandsJG 300
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Walther Dahl (27 March 1916 – 25 November 1985) was a German pilot and a fighter ace during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany. Dahl claimed some 128 enemy aircraft shot down in 678 missions.[1]

World War II

shot down Consolidated B-24 Liberator of the 492d Bombardment Group after the aerial battle at Oschersleben on 7 July 1944

Dahl was born on 27 March 1916 in Lug near Bad Bergzabern, son of a school teacher who was killed in action in 1918 in World War I. Dahl joined the military service in October 1935, and transferred to the Luftwaffe in 1938.[2] In May 1941 Dahl was posted to Jagdgeschwader 3 (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing) and claimed his first victory on 22 June during the first day of the invasion of the Soviet Union.

On 21 May 1944, Dahl was appointed commander of Jagdgeschwader zur besonderen Verwendung (JG z.b.V.—a special purpose fighter wing). He led the unit until taking command of Jagdgeschwader 300 (JG 300—300th Fighter Wing) on 27 June 1944. Dahl set up his Geschwaderstab (headquarters unit) at Ansbach, planning combined operations with JG 3 "Udet".[3] JG 300 was to become famous for flying the heavily armed and armored Focke Wulf FW 190A-8 "Sturmbock" in close formation, driving in their attacks to point-blank range. As a last resort, after depletion of all ammunition, the pilots had to ram enemy bombers.

On 7 July 1944, a force of 1,129 B-17 Flying Fortresses and B-24 Liberators of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Eighth Air Force set out from England to bomb aircraft factories in the Leipzig area and the synthetic oil plants at Boehlen, Leuna-Merseburg and Lützkendorf. This force was divided into three prongs. The first group consisted of 373 B-24s, the second force of the 3rd Bomb Division was made up of 303 B-17s, and the third wave was made up of 450 B-17s. A series of accidents at the start of the mission allowed the Luftwaffe to focus their attacks on the B-24 force.[4] This formation was intercepted by a German Gefechtsverband consisting of IV.(Sturm) Gruppe Jagdgeschwader 3 escorted by two Gruppen of Bf 109s from JG 300 led by Dahl. Dahl drove the attack to point-blank range behind the Liberators of the 492nd Bomb Group before opening fire. 492nd Bomb Group was temporarily without fighter cover. Within about a minute the entire squadron of twelve B-24s had been annihilated. The Germans claimed 28 USAAF 2nd Air Division B-24s that day and were credited with at least 21.[5] The majority to the Sturmgruppe attack. IV./JG 3 lost nine fighters shot down and three more suffered damage and made crash landings; five of the unit's pilots were killed.[6][7] On this mission, Dahl was credited with his 72nd aerial victory, a B-24 shot down in the vicinity of Quedlinburg.[8]

A 1944 drawing by Helmuth Ellgaard illustrating "ramming"

On 13 September, Dahl claimed to have brought down a B-17 four-engined bomber by ramming according to his own account. Lorant and Goyat, the historians of JG 300, found no evidence of a corresponding loss in US archives.[9]

On 26 January 1945, Hermann Göring appointed him Inspekteur der Tagjäger (Inspector of the Day Fighters). Despite his promotion, Dahl continued to fly operationally. On 28 February 1945, Dahl was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 98th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.[10]

Dahl ended the war flying the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter with III./Ergänzungs-Jagdgeschwader 2 (a supplementary fighter unit). On 27 March 1945,[11] Dahl claimed two P-47 Thunderbolt fighter kills.[12] His 129th and last victory was a USAAF P-51 Mustang near Dillingen an der Donau on 26 April 1945. Dahl was promoted to Oberst (colonel) on 30 April 1945. He was taken prisoner of war by US forces in Bavaria at the end of World War II in Europe.[11]

Post World War II

Following the war, Dahl became a member of the Deutsche Reichspartei (DRP—German Reich Party)[13] In the West German federal election of 1961 he unsuccessfully ran as a candidate for the DRP.[14] On 8 May 1961, Dahl founded the "Reichsverband der Soldaten" (lit. "Reich Association of Soldiers").[15] Dahl was married to Regina Dahl, a journalist with the National Zeitung, a weekly extreme right newspaper published by Gerhard Frey. Dahl was a spokesman for the German People's Union, a nationalist political party founded by Frey. In 2004, Frey and Hajo Herrmann published an abstract of Dahl's biography in the book Helden der Wehrmacht – Unsterbliche deutsche Soldaten [Heroes of the Wehrmacht – Immortal German soldiers]. This publication was classified as a far-right wing publication by Claudia Fröhlich and Horst-Alfred Heinrich.[16] Dahl died on 25 November 1985 of heart failure in Heidelberg.[11]

Works

  • Rammjäger: Bericht über seine Kriegserlebnisse 1943 bis 1945 (in German). Pour le Mérite Verlag [de] ISBN 3-932381-01-7 (2000).

Awards

References

Citations

  1. ^ Spick 1996, p. 230.
  2. ^ Stockert 2008, p. 40.
  3. ^ Lorant & Goyat 2005, p. 206.
  4. ^ Lorant & Goyat 2005, p. 211.
  5. ^ Caldwell & Muller 2007, p. 216.
  6. ^ Dahl 2000, pp. 46–66
  7. ^ Weal 1996, p. 78.
  8. ^ Lorant & Goyat 2005, p. 213.
  9. ^ Lorant & Goyat 2005, p. 325.
  10. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 243.
  11. ^ a b c Stockert 2008, p. 43.
  12. ^ Morgan & Weal 1998, p. 21.
  13. ^ Jenke 1967, p. 128.
  14. ^ Frederik 1966, p. 161.
  15. ^ Jaschke 2013, p. 90.
  16. ^ Fröhlich & Heinrich 2004, p. 134.
  17. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 72.
  18. ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 77.
  19. ^ a b Scherzer 2007, p. 264.

Bibliography

  • Caldwell, Donald; Muller, Richard (2007), The Luftwaffe Over Germany: Defense of the Reich, MBI Publishing Company, ISBN 978-1-85367-712-0 {{citation}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Fröhlich, Claudia; Heinrich, Horst-Alfred (2004). Geschichtspolitik: Wer sind ihre Akteure, wer ihre Rezipienten? (in German). Stuttgart, Germany: Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-08246-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Frederik, Hans (1966). NPD. Gefahr von rechts? (in German). München-Inning, Germany: Verlag Politisches Archiv. ASIN B0000BSV71. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Jaschke, Hans-Gerd (2013). Entstehung und Entwicklung des Rechtsextremismus in der Bundesrepublik: Zur Tradition einer besonderen politischen Kultur (in German). Wiesbaden, Germany: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-322-99709-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Jenke, Manfred (1967). Die nationale Rechte. Parteien, Politiker, Publizisten (in German). Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Büchergilde Gutenberg. ASIN B0024N8QEI. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Lorant, Jean Yves; Goyat, Richard (2005). Jagdgeschwader 300 "Wilde Sau" — Volume One: June 1943 – September 1944. Hamilton, Montana: Eagle Edition. ISBN 978-0-9761034-0-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Morgan, Hugh; Weal, John (1998). German Jet Aces of World War 2. London; New York: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-634-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard (2002). Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" in WWII: Stab and I./JG 3 in Action with the Messerschmitt Bf 109. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military History. ISBN 978-0-7643-1681-4.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: Ivy Books. ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Stockert, Peter (2008). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 8 (in German). Bad Friedrichshall, Germany: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. OCLC 76072662. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Thomas, Franz (1997). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 1: A–K (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2299-6. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Weal, John (1996). Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Aces of the Western Front. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-595-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Military offices
Preceded by Commander of Jagdgeschwader z.b.V.
20 May 1944 – 6 June 1944 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Oberstleutnant Kurd Kettner
 Commander of Jagdgeschwader 300
27 June 1944 – 26 January 1945 		Succeeded by

Template:Knight's Cross recipients of JG 3

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