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| headquarters = [[London]], {{postcode|NW|1}}<br />United Kingdom
| headquarters = [[London]], {{postcode|NW|1}}<br />United Kingdom
| coords = {{Coord|51|31|32.55|N|0|8|6.07|W|display=inline}}
| coords = {{Coord|51|31|32.55|N|0|8|6.07|W|display=inline}}
| key_people = {{ubl|[[Julia Gillard]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Governors |url=https://wellcome.org/who-we-are/governance/board-governors}}</ref><br />(Chair)|Dr. [[John-Arne Røttingen]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Noorden |first=Richard |year=2013 |url=https://wellcome.org/news/wellcome-appoints-dr-john-arne-rottingen-chief-executive-officer}}</ref><br />(Chief Executive Officer)}}
| key_people = {{ubl|[[Julia Gillard]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Governors |url=https://wellcome.org/who-we-are/governance/board-governors}}</ref><br />(Chair)|Dr. [[John-Arne Røttingen]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Noorden |first=Richard |title=Wellcome appoints Dr John-Arne Røttingen as Chief Executive Officer &#124; News |year=2013 |url=https://wellcome.org/news/wellcome-appoints-dr-john-arne-rottingen-chief-executive-officer}}</ref><br />(Chief Executive Officer)}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| name = Wellcome Trust
| name = Wellcome Trust
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| revenue =
| revenue =
| endowment = £25.9&nbsp;billion<ref name="endowment">{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Value of Wellcome's investments passes £25&nbsp;billion |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/value-wellcome-investments-passes-25-billion-pounds |publisher=Wellcome Trust}}</ref>
| endowment = £25.9&nbsp;billion<ref name="endowment">{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Value of Wellcome's investments passes £25&nbsp;billion |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/value-wellcome-investments-passes-25-billion-pounds |publisher=Wellcome Trust}}</ref>
| disbursements = [[Pound sterling|£]]11&nbsp;billion (1936–2015)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Trust aims to increase spend to £5&nbsp;billion over next 5 years |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2015/WTP059904.htm |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514005609/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2015/WTP059904.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| disbursements = [[Pound sterling|£]]11&nbsp;billion (1936–2015)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Trust aims to increase spend to £5&nbsp;billion over next 5 years |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2015/WTP059904.htm |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514005609/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2015/WTP059904.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| num_employees = 2,057<ref name="CharityFactSheet">{{Cite web |date=17 December 2015 |title=Charity Commission factsheet for the Wellcome Trust |url=http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityWithPartB.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=210183&SubsidiaryNumber=0 |publisher=Charity Commission for England and Wales}}</ref>
| num_employees = 2,057<ref name="CharityFactSheet">{{Cite web |date=17 December 2015 |title=Charity Commission factsheet for the Wellcome Trust |url=http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityWithPartB.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=210183&SubsidiaryNumber=0 |publisher=Charity Commission for England and Wales}}</ref>
| owner =
| owner =
| homepage = {{URL|www.wellcome.org/}}
| homepage = {{URL|www.wellcome.org/}}
}}
}}
The '''Wellcome Trust''' is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, in the United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate [[Henry Wellcome]] (founder of [[Burroughs Wellcome]], one of the predecessors of [[GSK plc]]) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a [[financial endowment]] of [[Pound sterling|£]]29.1&nbsp;billion in 2020,<ref name="endowment" /> making it the fourth [[List of wealthiest charitable foundations|wealthiest charitable foundation]] in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the ''[[Financial Times]]'' as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Andrew Jack |date=2012-04-10 |title=Wellcome challenges science journals |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/81529c58-8330-11e1-ab78-00144feab49a.html#axzz1sBED7IHy |access-date=2012-04-16}} {{registration required}}</ref> According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP [[Pound sterling|£]]1.1Bn on charitable activities across their 2019/2020 financial year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome's 2019/2020 Annual Report {{!}} Wellcome |url=https://wellcome.org/reports/wellcome-annual-report-2020 |access-date=2021-01-29 |website=wellcome.org}}</ref> According to the [[OECD]], the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/2dcf1367-en/1/3/3/32/index.html?itemId=/content/publication/2dcf1367-en&_csp_=177392f5df53d89c9678d0628e39a2c2&itemIGO=oecd&itemContentType=book|title=Wellcome Trust &#124; Development Co-operation Profiles – Wellcome Trust &#124; OECD iLibrary}}</ref>
The '''Wellcome Trust''' is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate [[Henry Wellcome]] (founder of [[Burroughs Wellcome]], one of the predecessors of [[GSK plc]]) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a [[financial endowment]] of [[Pound sterling|£]]29.1&nbsp;billion in 2020,<ref name="endowment" /> making it the fourth [[List of wealthiest charitable foundations|wealthiest charitable foundation]] in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the ''[[Financial Times]]'' as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jack |first=Andrew |date=10 April 2012 |title=Wellcome challenges science journals |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/81529c58-8330-11e1-ab78-00144feab49a.html#axzz1sBED7IHy |access-date=16 April 2012}} {{registration required}}</ref> According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP [[Pound sterling|£]]1.1&nbsp;billion on charitable activities across their 2019/2020 financial year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome's 2019/2020 Annual Report {{!}} Wellcome |url=https://wellcome.org/reports/wellcome-annual-report-2020 |access-date=29 January 2021 |website=wellcome.org}}</ref> According to the [[OECD]], the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/2dcf1367-en/1/3/3/32/index.html?itemId=/content/publication/2dcf1367-en&_csp_=177392f5df53d89c9678d0628e39a2c2&itemIGO=oecd&itemContentType=book |title=Wellcome Trust &#124; Development Co-operation Profiles – Wellcome Trust &#124; OECD iLibrary}}</ref>


==Headquarters==
==Headquarters==
[[File:Wellcome.jpg|thumb|250px|The Gibbs Building on [[Euston Road]]]]
[[File:Wellcome.jpg|thumb|250px|The Gibbs Building on [[Euston Road]]]]
The Wellcome Trust's operations are run from two buildings on [[Euston Road]] in [[London]]. The Wellcome Building, at 183 Euston Road, built in 1932 in [[Portland stone]] houses the [[Wellcome Collection]] and the adjoining glass and steel building at 215 Euston Road is the Gibbs Building, by [[Hopkins Architects]], which opened in 2004 as the administrative headquarters of the Wellcome Trust. In 2019, the Wellcome Trust also opened an office in Berlin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome's Berlin office will focus on global health {{!}} Wellcome |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/wellcomes-berlin-office-will-focus-global-health |access-date=2020-01-04 |website=wellcome.ac.uk|date=11 October 2018 }}</ref>
The Wellcome Trust's operations are run from two buildings on [[Euston Road]] in [[London]]. The Wellcome Building, at 183 Euston Road, built in 1932 in [[Portland stone]] houses the [[Wellcome Collection]] and the adjoining glass and steel building at 215 Euston Road is the Gibbs Building, by [[Hopkins Architects]], which opened in 2004 as the administrative headquarters of the Wellcome Trust. In 2019, the Wellcome Trust also opened an office in Berlin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome's Berlin office will focus on global health {{!}} Wellcome |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/wellcomes-berlin-office-will-focus-global-health |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=wellcome.ac.uk |date=11 October 2018}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
The trust was established to administer the fortune of the American-born British pharmaceutical magnate Sir [[Henry Wellcome]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Henry Wellcome |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/index.htm |access-date=16 May 2014 |archive-date=2 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402053114/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its income was derived from what was originally called [[Burroughs Wellcome]], later renamed in the UK as the Wellcome Foundation Ltd.<ref>Hall, A. R. & Bembridge, B. A. ''Physic and philanthropy: a history of the Wellcome Trust 1936–1986''. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 1986. {{ISBN|0-521-32639-7}}</ref> In 1986, the trust sold 25% of Wellcome plc stock to the public. Overseen by incoming Director of Finance [[Ian Macgregor]], this marked the beginning of a period of financial growth that saw the trust's value increase by almost £14bn in 14 years, as their interests moved beyond the bounds of the pharmaceutical industry.<ref>[http://briandeer.com/hard-sell.htm briandeer.com] Sunday Times investigation, February 1994]</ref>
The trust was established to administer the fortune of the American-born British pharmaceutical magnate Sir [[Henry Wellcome]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Henry Wellcome |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/index.htm |access-date=16 May 2014 |archive-date=2 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402053114/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/index.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref> Its income was derived from what was originally called [[Burroughs Wellcome]], later renamed in the UK as the Wellcome Foundation Ltd.<ref>Hall, A. R. & Bembridge, B. A. ''Physic and philanthropy: a history of the Wellcome Trust 1936–1986''. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 1986. {{ISBN|0-521-32639-7}}</ref> In 1986, the trust sold 25% of Wellcome plc stock to the public. Overseen by incoming Director of Finance [[Ian Macgregor]], this marked the beginning of a period of financial growth that saw the trust's value increase by almost £14&nbsp;billion in 14 years, as their interests moved beyond the bounds of the pharmaceutical industry.<ref>[http://briandeer.com/hard-sell.htm briandeer.com] Sunday Times investigation, February 1994]</ref>


In 1995, the trust divested itself of any interest in pharmaceuticals by selling all remaining stock to [[GlaxoSmithKline|Glaxo plc]], the company's historic British rival, creating GlaxoWellcome plc. In 2000, the Wellcome name disappeared from the drug business altogether when GlaxoWellcome merged with SmithKline Beecham, to form [[GlaxoSmithKline]] plc.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Henry Wellcome's legacy |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/WTX052938.htm |access-date=2016-05-21 |publisher=Wellcome.ac.uk |archive-date=16 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316234202/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/WTX052938.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In 1995, the trust divested itself of any interest in pharmaceuticals by selling all remaining stock to [[GlaxoSmithKline|Glaxo plc]], the company's historic British rival, creating GlaxoWellcome plc. In 2000, the Wellcome name disappeared from the drug business altogether when GlaxoWellcome merged with SmithKline Beecham, to form [[GlaxoSmithKline]] plc.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Henry Wellcome's legacy |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/WTX052938.htm |access-date=21 May 2016 |publisher=Wellcome.ac.uk |archive-date=16 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316234202/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/History/WTX052938.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>


== Activities ==
== Activities ==
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==== Major investments ====
==== Major investments ====
⚫
The Trust funds or co-funds a number of major biomedical research initiatives:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biomedical science funded projects |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/Funding/Biomedical-science/Funded-projects/index.htm |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=3 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503022925/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/Funding/Biomedical-science/Funded-projects/index.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>

⚫
The Trust funds or co-funds a number of major biomedical research initiatives:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biomedical science funded projects |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/Funding/Biomedical-science/Funded-projects/index.htm |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=3 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503022925/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/Funding/Biomedical-science/Funded-projects/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children]] (ALSPAC), a cohort study of children born in England during 1991 and 1992.
* [[Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children]] (ALSPAC), a cohort study of children born in England during 1991 and 1992.
* The [[Cancer Genome Project]] at the [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]].
* The [[Cancer Genome Project]] at the [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]].
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* The [[#Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative|Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative]].
* The [[#Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative|Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative]].
* The [[Structural Genomics Consortium]], an international organisation focussing on three-dimensional structures of proteins of medical relevance with an emphasis on [[open data]].
* The [[Structural Genomics Consortium]], an international organisation focussing on three-dimensional structures of proteins of medical relevance with an emphasis on [[open data]].
* The [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]], a [[non-profit organisation|non-profit]], British [[genomics]] and [[genetics]] research institute.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MRC Centre United Kingdom: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute |url=http://www.cggh.ox.ac.uk/?title=MRC_Centre_United_Kingdom#Wellcome_Trust_Sanger_Institute |access-date=2008-12-22 |publisher=[[Medical Research Council (UK)|Medical Research Council]] |archive-date=21 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521140920/http://www.cggh.ox.ac.uk/?title=MRC_Centre_United_Kingdom#Wellcome_Trust_Sanger_Institute |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* The [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]], a [[non-profit organisation|non-profit]], British [[genomics]] and [[genetics]] research institute.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MRC Centre United Kingdom: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute |url=http://www.cggh.ox.ac.uk/?title=MRC_Centre_United_Kingdom#Wellcome_Trust_Sanger_Institute |access-date=22 December 2008 |publisher=[[Medical Research Council (UK)|Medical Research Council]] |archive-date=21 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521140920/http://www.cggh.ox.ac.uk/?title=MRC_Centre_United_Kingdom#Wellcome_Trust_Sanger_Institute |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[UK Biobank]] and the [[UK Biobank Ethics and Governance Council]].
* [[UK Biobank]] and the [[UK Biobank Ethics and Governance Council]].


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====Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative====
====Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative====
Also known as SDDI, this five-year initiative started in October 2005 with the remit "to facilitate the development of drug-like small molecules that address unmet medical needs." SDDI was based in London and managed by Richard Davis.<ref name=nrdd2010>{{Cite journal |last=<!--no byline provided – written by news staff--> |date=March 2010 |title=A Wellcome experiment in seeding drug discovery |journal=[[Nature Reviews Drug Discovery]] |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=178–180 |doi=10.1038/nrd3130 |pmid=20190777 |s2cid=7960795}}{{subscription required}}</ref> Through early 2010, SDDI had provided more than £80&nbsp;million across 30 projects split between academic institutions and companies.<ref name=nrdd2010/> To early 2010, all but one of the company recipients were either [[Startup company|start-ups]] or [[Corporate spin-off|spin-outs]].<ref name=nrdd2010/> In May 2010, an additional £110&nbsp;million was added to the SDDI fund with the intent to extend the initiative for an additional 5 years.<ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--staff--> |date=14 May 2010 |title=Wellcome Trust extends Seeding Drug Discovery initiative |publisher=TMRM<!--no article as of 4 July 2013--> |agency=AngelNews<!--no article as of 4 July 2013--> |url=http://www.angelnews.co.uk/article.jsf?articleId=9796 |url-status=dead |access-date=4 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114231852/http://www.angelnews.co.uk/article.jsf?articleId=9796 |archive-date=14 January 2015}}</ref>
Also known as SDDI, this five-year initiative started in October 2005 with the remit "to facilitate the development of drug-like small molecules that address unmet medical needs." SDDI was based in London and managed by Richard Davis.<ref name=nrdd2010>{{Cite journal |last=<!--no byline provided – written by news staff--> |date=March 2010 |title=A Wellcome experiment in seeding drug discovery |journal=[[Nature Reviews Drug Discovery]] |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=178–180 |doi=10.1038/nrd3130 |pmid=20190777 |s2cid=7960795}}{{subscription required}}</ref> Through early 2010, SDDI had provided more than £80&nbsp;million across 30 projects split between academic institutions and companies.<ref name=nrdd2010/> To early 2010, all but one of the company recipients were either [[Startup company|start-ups]] or [[Corporate spin-off|spin-outs]].<ref name=nrdd2010/> In May 2010, an additional £110&nbsp;million was added to the SDDI fund with the intent to extend the initiative for an additional five years.<ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--staff--> |date=14 May 2010 |title=Wellcome Trust extends Seeding Drug Discovery initiative |publisher=TMRM<!--no article as of 4 July 2013--> |agency=AngelNews<!--no article as of 4 July 2013--> |url=http://www.angelnews.co.uk/article.jsf?articleId=9796 |url-status=dead |access-date=4 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114231852/http://www.angelnews.co.uk/article.jsf?articleId=9796 |archive-date=14 January 2015}}</ref>


===== Supporting global research and development in COVID-19 =====
===== Supporting global research and development in COVID-19 =====
The Wellcome Trust announced the need for at least $8 billion of new funding for research, development, and supply of treatments related to COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coronavirus, COVID-19 research and development {{!}} Wellcome |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/what-we-do/our-work/coronavirus-covid-19 |access-date=2020-06-29 |website=wellcome.ac.uk}}</ref> Wellcome Trust collaborated with the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] and [[Mastercard]] to fund the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator, launching in March 2020 with an initial $125 million in backing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suzman |first=Mark |date=2020-03-09 |title=Announcing the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator |url=https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165008/https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics |archive-date=2022-01-18 |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=[[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Au-Yeung |first=Angel |date=2020-04-03 |title=A Bill Gates-Backed Accelerator For COVID-19 Therapeutics Treatment Partners With Madonna And Mark Zuckerberg’s Chan Zuckerberg Initiative |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2020/04/03/a-bill-gates-backed-accelerator-for-covid-19-coronavirus-therapeutics-treatment-partners-with-madonna-and-mark-zuckerbergs-chan-zuckerberg-initiative/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165740/https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2020/04/03/a-bill-gates-backed-accelerator-for-covid-19-coronavirus-therapeutics-treatment-partners-with-madonna-and-mark-zuckerbergs-chan-zuckerberg-initiative/?sh=54ee18948067 |archive-date=2022-01-18 |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref>
The Wellcome Trust announced the need for at least $8 billion of new funding for research, development, and supply of treatments related to COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coronavirus, COVID-19 research and development {{!}} Wellcome |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/what-we-do/our-work/coronavirus-covid-19 |access-date=29 June 2020 |website=wellcome.ac.uk}}</ref> Wellcome Trust collaborated with the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] and [[Mastercard]] to fund the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator, launching in March 2020 with an initial $125 million in backing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suzman |first=Mark |date=9 March 2020 |title=Announcing the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator |url=https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165008/https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics |archive-date=18 January 2022 |access-date=10 September 2023 |website=[[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Au-Yeung |first=Angel |date=3 April 2020 |title=A Bill Gates-Backed Accelerator For COVID-19 Therapeutics Treatment Partners With Madonna And Mark Zuckerberg's Chan Zuckerberg Initiative |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2020/04/03/a-bill-gates-backed-accelerator-for-covid-19-coronavirus-therapeutics-treatment-partners-with-madonna-and-mark-zuckerbergs-chan-zuckerberg-initiative/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165740/https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2020/04/03/a-bill-gates-backed-accelerator-for-covid-19-coronavirus-therapeutics-treatment-partners-with-madonna-and-mark-zuckerbergs-chan-zuckerberg-initiative/?sh=54ee18948067 |archive-date=18 January 2022 |access-date=10 September 2023 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref>


=== Improving research culture ===
=== Improving research culture ===
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The Wellcome Trust plays an important role in encouraging publication of research in [[open access]] repositories<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Trust position statement in support of open and unrestricted access to published research |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/node3302.html}}</ref> such as [[Europe PubMed Central|Europe PubMed Central (EuropePMC)]]. The Wellcome Trust believes that maximising the distribution of these papers – by providing free, online access – is the most effective way of ensuring that the research can be accessed, read and built upon. In turn, this will foster a richer research culture.{{citation needed|date=September 2011}}
The Wellcome Trust plays an important role in encouraging publication of research in [[open access]] repositories<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Trust position statement in support of open and unrestricted access to published research |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/node3302.html}}</ref> such as [[Europe PubMed Central|Europe PubMed Central (EuropePMC)]]. The Wellcome Trust believes that maximising the distribution of these papers – by providing free, online access – is the most effective way of ensuring that the research can be accessed, read and built upon. In turn, this will foster a richer research culture.{{citation needed|date=September 2011}}


In 2016, the Wellcome Trust partnered with the [[US National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) and the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] to launch the [[Open Science Prize]]<ref name="osp2016">{{Cite web |title=The Open Science Prize |url=https://www.openscienceprize.org/ |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=31 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831003837/https://www.openscienceprize.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> to "help develop services, tools and platforms that enable open content to be discovered, assessed and re-used in ways that will advance discovery and spark innovation."<ref name=osp2016/>
In 2016, the Wellcome Trust partnered with the [[US National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) and the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] to launch the [[Open Science Prize]]<ref name="osp2016">{{Cite web |title=The Open Science Prize |url=https://www.openscienceprize.org/ |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=31 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831003837/https://www.openscienceprize.org/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> to "help develop services, tools and platforms that enable open content to be discovered, assessed and re-used in ways that will advance discovery and spark innovation."<ref name=osp2016/>


In 2016, Wellcome Trust announced that it would be launching Wellcome Open Research,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Open Research provides all Wellcome researchers with a place to rapidly publish any results they think are worth sharing. |url=https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/ |access-date=2016-11-08 |website=wellcomeopenresearch.org}}</ref> an [[open access]] publication system running on the [[F1000Research|F1000 Research]] platform.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-17 |title=Wellcome Open Research is now accepting submissions |url=http://blog.f1000research.com/2016/10/17/wellcome-open-research-is-now-accepting-submissions/ |access-date=2016-11-08 |website=Discussions – F1000 Research}}</ref> [[Article processing charge]]s will be covered directly by Wellcome Trust. Papers from the system are now indexed in [[PubMed Central]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive of "Wellcome Open Research". |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/3196/ |access-date=2017-06-14 |website=ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref>
In 2016, Wellcome Trust announced that it would be launching Wellcome Open Research,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Open Research provides all Wellcome researchers with a place to rapidly publish any results they think are worth sharing. |url=https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/ |access-date=8 November 2016 |website=wellcomeopenresearch.org}}</ref> an [[open access]] publication system running on the [[F1000Research|F1000 Research]] platform.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2016 |title=Wellcome Open Research is now accepting submissions |url=http://blog.f1000research.com/2016/10/17/wellcome-open-research-is-now-accepting-submissions/ |access-date=8 November 2016 |website=Discussions – F1000 Research}}</ref> [[Article processing charge]]s will be covered directly by Wellcome Trust. Papers from the system are now indexed in [[PubMed Central]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive of "Wellcome Open Research". |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/3196/ |access-date=14 June 2017 |website=ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref>


===Membership in the Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT)===
===Membership in the Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT)===
In the summer of 2015, the Wellcome Trust joined the Japanese government, 7 Japanese pharmaceutical and diagnostics companies, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the United Nations Development Program as funding partner of the [[Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT)]], which funds scientific research and development for anti-infectives and diagnostics for diseases that primarily affect the developing world.<ref>"Japan in pioneering partnership to fund global health research", by Andrew Jack, Financial Times, 30 May 2013</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |last=Fund) |first=Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT |title=Japanese Global Health Fund Welcomes the Wellcome Trust and Sysmex Corporation as New Funders and ANA, Morrison & Foerster, and Yahoo! Japan as New Sponsors |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/japanese-global-health-fund-welcomes-the-wellcome-trust-and-sysmex-corporation-as-new-funders-and-ana-morrison--foerster-and-yahoo-japan-as-new-sponsors-300093066.html |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
In the summer of 2015, the Wellcome Trust joined the Japanese government, 7 Japanese pharmaceutical and diagnostics companies, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the United Nations Development Program as funding partner of the [[Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT)]], which funds scientific research and development for anti-infectives and diagnostics for diseases that primarily affect the developing world.<ref>"Japan in pioneering partnership to fund global health research", by Andrew Jack, Financial Times, 30 May 2013</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |last=Fund) |first=Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT |title=Japanese Global Health Fund Welcomes the Wellcome Trust and Sysmex Corporation as New Funders and ANA, Morrison & Foerster, and Yahoo! Japan as New Sponsors |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/japanese-global-health-fund-welcomes-the-wellcome-trust-and-sysmex-corporation-as-new-funders-and-ana-morrison--foerster-and-yahoo-japan-as-new-sponsors-300093066.html |access-date=8 November 2022 |website=prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>


=== Public engagement and the Wellcome Collection ===
=== Public engagement and the Wellcome Collection ===
{{Main|Wellcome Collection}}
{{Main|Wellcome Collection}}


In June 2007, the Wellcome Building reopened after refurbishment as a public venue, housing the [[Wellcome Collection]], the [[Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine]] at [[University College London]] and the [[Wellcome Library]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Wellcome Library |url=http://wellcomelibrary.org/}}</ref> The aim of the Wellcome Collection is to enhance public understanding of medical science and history. The building contains gallery spaces, conference facilities, space for debates, drama and workshops, a café and a bookshop. The galleries show a small sample of works from Sir Henry Wellcome's collection, and host a programme of events and exhibitions. The Wellcome Collection and exhibitions are open to the public free of charge six days a week.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Collection opening hours |url=http://www.wellcomecollection.org/visit-us/opening-hours.aspx |access-date=30 April 2010 |archive-date=25 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925231413/http://www.wellcomecollection.org/visit-us/opening-hours.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In June 2007, the Wellcome Building reopened after refurbishment as a public venue, housing the [[Wellcome Collection]], the [[Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine]] at [[University College London]] and the [[Wellcome Library]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Wellcome Library |url=http://wellcomelibrary.org/}}</ref> The aim of the Wellcome Collection is to enhance public understanding of medical science and history. The building contains gallery spaces, conference facilities, space for debates, drama and workshops, a café and a bookshop. The galleries show a small sample of works from Sir Henry Wellcome's collection, and host a programme of events and exhibitions. The Wellcome Collection and exhibitions are open to the public free of charge six days a week.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Collection opening hours |url=http://www.wellcomecollection.org/visit-us/opening-hours.aspx |access-date=30 April 2010 |archive-date=25 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925231413/http://www.wellcomecollection.org/visit-us/opening-hours.aspx |url-status=dead}}</ref>


The Wellcome Collection and Wellcome Library are members of [[The London Museums of Health & Medicine]].{{cn|date=May 2023}}
The Wellcome Collection and Wellcome Library are members of [[The London Museums of Health & Medicine]].{{cn|date=May 2023}}
Line 92: Line 91:
==== Wellcome Book Prize ====
==== Wellcome Book Prize ====
{{Main|Wellcome Book Prize}}
{{Main|Wellcome Book Prize}}
The Wellcome Trust sponsors an annual book prize, the [[Wellcome Book Prize]], which "aims to excite public interest and encourage debate" around medicine and health.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Wellcome Book Prize {{!}} Wellcome Book Prize |url=https://wellcomebookprize.org/about-the-wellcome-book-prize |access-date=2017-03-15 |website=wellcomebookprize.org}}</ref>
The Wellcome Trust sponsors an annual book prize, the [[Wellcome Book Prize]], which "aims to excite public interest and encourage debate" around medicine and health.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Wellcome Book Prize {{!}} Wellcome Book Prize |url=https://wellcomebookprize.org/about-the-wellcome-book-prize |access-date=15 March 2017 |website=wellcomebookprize.org}}</ref>


=== Wellcome Global Monitor ===
=== Wellcome Global Monitor ===
⚫
In June 2019, Wellcome released the results of the 2018 global survey on public attitudes toward science and health. Topics include trust of scientists, doctors, and nurses; religion and science, and vaccines, among others.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Branch |first=Glenn |year=2019 |title=Welcome News on Global Attitudes toward Science and Health from Wellcome |journal=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=8–9 |author-link1=Glenn Branch}}</ref> It was Wellcome's first Global Monitor and was intended to "provide robust evidence on how public attitudes vary across different demographic groups and countries."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Global Monitor |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/what-we-do/our-work/wellcome-global-monitor |access-date=12 October 2019 |website=Wellcome |archive-date=3 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903230245/https://wellcome.ac.uk/what-we-do/our-work/wellcome-global-monitor |url-status=dead}}</ref>

⚫
In June 2019, Wellcome released the results of the 2018 global survey on public attitudes toward science and health. Topics include trust of scientists, doctors, and nurses; religion and science, and vaccines, among others.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Branch |first=Glenn |date=2019 |title=Welcome News on Global Attitudes toward Science and Health from Wellcome |journal=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=8–9 |author-link1=Glenn Branch}}</ref> It was Wellcome's first Global Monitor and was intended to "provide robust evidence on how public attitudes vary across different demographic groups and countries."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Global Monitor |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/what-we-do/our-work/wellcome-global-monitor |access-date=12 October 2019 |website=Wellcome |archive-date=3 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903230245/https://wellcome.ac.uk/what-we-do/our-work/wellcome-global-monitor |url-status=dead }}</ref>


== Investments ==
== Investments ==
⚫
In August 2014, the Wellcome Trust bought the Co-operative Group's farm business (renamed [[Farmcare]]) for £249&nbsp;million. This comprised "15,997 hectares (39,533 acres) of freehold and third party owned land, 15 farms, including three pack houses, over 100 residential properties, and 27 commercial properties."<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2014 |title=Wellcome Trust acquires the Co-operative Group's farms business |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2014/WTP057030.htm |access-date=21 May 2016 |publisher=Wellcome.ac.uk |archive-date=23 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423225040/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2014/WTP057030.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>


⚫
In 2015, the trust bought the [[Premier Marinas]] group.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Trust acquires Premier Marinas Limited from BlackRock UK Property Fund &#124; Wellcome |date=12 May 2015 |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/press-release/wellcome-trust-acquires-premier-marinas-limited-blackrock-uk-property-fund}}</ref>
⚫
In August 2014, the Wellcome Trust bought the Co-operative Group's farm business (renamed [[Farmcare]]) for £249&nbsp;million. This comprised "15,997 hectares (39,533 acres) of freehold and third party owned land, 15 farms, including three pack houses, over 100 residential properties, and 27 commercial properties."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-04 |title=Wellcome Trust acquires the Co-operative Group's farms business |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2014/WTP057030.htm |access-date=2016-05-21 |publisher=Wellcome.ac.uk |archive-date=23 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423225040/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2014/WTP057030.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

⚫
In 2015 the trust bought the [[Premier Marinas]] group.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wellcome Trust acquires Premier Marinas Limited from BlackRock UK Property Fund &#124; Wellcome |date=12 May 2015 |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/press-release/wellcome-trust-acquires-premier-marinas-limited-blackrock-uk-property-fund}}</ref>


== Criticisms ==
== Criticisms ==
It has been reported that the Wellcome Trust has billions of investments in companies related to the problems the philanthropy wants to solve.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Private research funders court controversy with billions in secretive investment |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/private-research-funders-court-controversy-billions-secretive-investments|date=2018-12-06|accessdate=2021-03-19|publisher=[[Science (journal)|sciencemag.org]]|quote=''The trust does not highlight, however, that some of the more than $1.2 billion it has handed out annually in recent years comes from investments in companies that contribute to the same problems the philanthropy wants to solve. Not long before the Hong Kong study was published, for example, the trust became an investor in Varo Energy, a company based in Cham, Switzerland, that sells fuel to shipping firms. One of Varo's main products is bunker fuel for marine engines: a cheap, sulfurous residue of oil refining that is a major source of soot pollution. Particulates billowing from ship stacks contribute to the premature deaths of 250,000 people annually, researchers estimate.''| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320112849/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/12/private-research-funders-court-controversy-billions-secretive-investments | archive-date=2021-03-20}}</ref> In the context of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the trust has investments in pharmaceutical companies involved in the development and delivery of treatments for COVID-19, which means it has the potential to gain financially where those treatments are monetised.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Covid-19, trust, and Wellcome: how charity's pharma investments overlap with its research efforts |year=2021|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n556|accessdate=2021-03-03|journal=[[The BMJ]]|doi=10.1136/bmj.n556|quote=''Wellcome’s financial interests have been published on the trust’s website and through financial regulatory filings but do not seem to have been disclosed as financial conflicts of interest in the context of Wellcome’s work on covid-19, even as they show that the trust is positioned to potentially gain from the pandemic financially.''| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320113021/https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n556 | archive-date=2021-03-20|last1=Schwab|first1=Tim|volume=372|pages=n556|pmid=33658184|s2cid=232105541|doi-access=free}}</ref>
It has been reported that the Wellcome Trust has billions of investments in companies related to the problems the philanthropy wants to solve.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Private research funders court controversy with billions in secretive investment |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/private-research-funders-court-controversy-billions-secretive-investments|date=6 December 2018|access-date=19 March 2021|publisher=[[Science (journal)|sciencemag.org]]|quote=''The trust does not highlight, however, that some of the more than $1.2 billion it has handed out annually in recent years comes from investments in companies that contribute to the same problems the philanthropy wants to solve. Not long before the Hong Kong study was published, for example, the trust became an investor in Varo Energy, a company based in Cham, Switzerland, that sells fuel to shipping firms. One of Varo's main products is bunker fuel for marine engines: a cheap, sulfurous residue of oil refining that is a major source of soot pollution. Particulates billowing from ship stacks contribute to the premature deaths of 250,000 people annually, researchers estimate.''|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320112849/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/12/private-research-funders-court-controversy-billions-secretive-investments |archive-date=20 March 2021}}</ref> In the context of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the trust has investments in pharmaceutical companies involved in the development and delivery of treatments for COVID-19, which means it has the potential to gain financially where those treatments are monetised.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Covid-19, trust, and Wellcome: how charity's pharma investments overlap with its research efforts |year=2021|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n556|access-date=3 March 2021|journal=[[The BMJ]]|doi=10.1136/bmj.n556|quote=''Wellcome's financial interests have been published on the trust's website and through financial regulatory filings but do not seem to have been disclosed as financial conflicts of interest in the context of Wellcome's work on covid-19, even as they show that the trust is positioned to potentially gain from the pandemic financially.''|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320113021/https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n556 |archive-date=20 March 2021|last=Schwab|first=Tim|volume=372|pages=n556|pmid=33658184|s2cid=232105541|doi-access=free}}</ref>


== Directors ==
== Directors ==
⚫
* Peter Williams, 1967–1991

⚫
* [[Bridget Ogilvie]], 1991–1998
⚫
* Peter Williams, 1967-1991
⚫
* Mike Dexter, 1998–2003
⚫
* [[Bridget Ogilvie]], 1991-1998
* [[Mark Walport]], 2003–2013
⚫
* Mike Dexter, 1998-2003
* [[Mark Walport]], 2003-2013
* [[Jeremy Farrar]], 2013–2023
* [[Jeremy Farrar]], 2013-2023


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 23:12, 23 March 2024

Wellcome Trust
Founded1936; 88 years ago (1936)
FounderSir Henry Wellcome
Registration no.210183
FocusBiomedical Research
HeadquartersLondon, NW1
United Kingdom
Location
Coordinates51°31′32.55″N 0°8′6.07″W / 51.5257083°N 0.1350194°W / 51.5257083; -0.1350194
Area served
United Kingdom and overseas
Key people
Disbursements£11 billion (1936–2015)[3]
Endowment£25.9 billion[4]
Employees
2,057[5]
Websitewww.wellcome.org

The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £29.1 billion in 2020,[4] making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world.[6] According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2019/2020 financial year.[7] According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.[8]

Headquarters

[edit]
The Gibbs Building on Euston Road

The Wellcome Trust's operations are run from two buildings on Euston Road in London. The Wellcome Building, at 183 Euston Road, built in 1932 in Portland stone houses the Wellcome Collection and the adjoining glass and steel building at 215 Euston Road is the Gibbs Building, by Hopkins Architects, which opened in 2004 as the administrative headquarters of the Wellcome Trust. In 2019, the Wellcome Trust also opened an office in Berlin.[9]

History

[edit]

The trust was established to administer the fortune of the American-born British pharmaceutical magnate Sir Henry Wellcome.[10] Its income was derived from what was originally called Burroughs Wellcome, later renamed in the UK as the Wellcome Foundation Ltd.[11] In 1986, the trust sold 25% of Wellcome plc stock to the public. Overseen by incoming Director of Finance Ian Macgregor, this marked the beginning of a period of financial growth that saw the trust's value increase by almost £14 billion in 14 years, as their interests moved beyond the bounds of the pharmaceutical industry.[12]

In 1995, the trust divested itself of any interest in pharmaceuticals by selling all remaining stock to Glaxo plc, the company's historic British rival, creating GlaxoWellcome plc. In 2000, the Wellcome name disappeared from the drug business altogether when GlaxoWellcome merged with SmithKline Beecham, to form GlaxoSmithKline plc.[13]

Activities

[edit]

Biomedical research

[edit]

Major investments

[edit]

The Trust funds or co-funds a number of major biomedical research initiatives:[14]

Asia and Africa Programmes

[edit]

Seeding Drug Discovery Initiative

[edit]

Also known as SDDI, this five-year initiative started in October 2005 with the remit "to facilitate the development of drug-like small molecules that address unmet medical needs." SDDI was based in London and managed by Richard Davis.[17] Through early 2010, SDDI had provided more than £80 million across 30 projects split between academic institutions and companies.[17] To early 2010, all but one of the company recipients were either start-ups or spin-outs.[17] In May 2010, an additional £110 million was added to the SDDI fund with the intent to extend the initiative for an additional five years.[18]

Supporting global research and development in COVID-19
[edit]

The Wellcome Trust announced the need for at least $8 billion of new funding for research, development, and supply of treatments related to COVID-19.[19] Wellcome Trust collaborated with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Mastercard to fund the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator, launching in March 2020 with an initial $125 million in backing.[20][21]

Improving research culture

[edit]

In September 2019, Wellcome launched an initiative to reimagine research and improve the culture in which research is conducted. Current incentive structures and, as a result, culture and practices, prioritise publication outputs above all else. This is damaging people's wellbeing and undermining the quality of research itself.[22]

Support for Open Access and Open Data

[edit]

The Wellcome Trust plays an important role in encouraging publication of research in open access repositories[23] such as Europe PubMed Central (EuropePMC). The Wellcome Trust believes that maximising the distribution of these papers – by providing free, online access – is the most effective way of ensuring that the research can be accessed, read and built upon. In turn, this will foster a richer research culture.[citation needed]

In 2016, the Wellcome Trust partnered with the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute to launch the Open Science Prize[24] to "help develop services, tools and platforms that enable open content to be discovered, assessed and re-used in ways that will advance discovery and spark innovation."[24]

In 2016, Wellcome Trust announced that it would be launching Wellcome Open Research,[25] an open access publication system running on the F1000 Research platform.[26] Article processing charges will be covered directly by Wellcome Trust. Papers from the system are now indexed in PubMed Central.[27]

Membership in the Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT)

[edit]

In the summer of 2015, the Wellcome Trust joined the Japanese government, 7 Japanese pharmaceutical and diagnostics companies, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the United Nations Development Program as funding partner of the Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT), which funds scientific research and development for anti-infectives and diagnostics for diseases that primarily affect the developing world.[28][29]

Public engagement and the Wellcome Collection

[edit]
Main article: Wellcome Collection

In June 2007, the Wellcome Building reopened after refurbishment as a public venue, housing the Wellcome Collection, the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London and the Wellcome Library.[30] The aim of the Wellcome Collection is to enhance public understanding of medical science and history. The building contains gallery spaces, conference facilities, space for debates, drama and workshops, a café and a bookshop. The galleries show a small sample of works from Sir Henry Wellcome's collection, and host a programme of events and exhibitions. The Wellcome Collection and exhibitions are open to the public free of charge six days a week.[31]

The Wellcome Collection and Wellcome Library are members of The London Museums of Health & Medicine.[citation needed]

Wellcome Photography Prize

[edit]

The Wellcome Trust runs an annual photography prize which aims to explore "the human side of three urgent health challenges". Judges in 2021 include Dr Dixon Chabanda, Sir Jeremy Farrar, Dr Katerina Srahulkova and Azu Nwagbogu. Winners in each category receive a prize of £10,000.

Wellcome Book Prize

[edit]
Main article: Wellcome Book Prize

The Wellcome Trust sponsors an annual book prize, the Wellcome Book Prize, which "aims to excite public interest and encourage debate" around medicine and health.[32]

Wellcome Global Monitor

[edit]

In June 2019, Wellcome released the results of the 2018 global survey on public attitudes toward science and health. Topics include trust of scientists, doctors, and nurses; religion and science, and vaccines, among others.[33] It was Wellcome's first Global Monitor and was intended to "provide robust evidence on how public attitudes vary across different demographic groups and countries."[34]

Investments

[edit]

In August 2014, the Wellcome Trust bought the Co-operative Group's farm business (renamed Farmcare) for £249 million. This comprised "15,997 hectares (39,533 acres) of freehold and third party owned land, 15 farms, including three pack houses, over 100 residential properties, and 27 commercial properties."[35]

In 2015, the trust bought the Premier Marinas group.[36]

Criticisms

[edit]

It has been reported that the Wellcome Trust has billions of investments in companies related to the problems the philanthropy wants to solve.[37] In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the trust has investments in pharmaceutical companies involved in the development and delivery of treatments for COVID-19, which means it has the potential to gain financially where those treatments are monetised.[38]

Directors

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Board of Governors".
  2. ^ Van Noorden, Richard (2013). "Wellcome appoints Dr John-Arne Røttingen as Chief Executive Officer | News". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ "Wellcome Trust aims to increase spend to £5 billion over next 5 years". Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Value of Wellcome's investments passes £25 billion". Wellcome Trust. 2018.
  5. ^ "Charity Commission factsheet for the Wellcome Trust". Charity Commission for England and Wales. 17 December 2015.
  6. ^ Jack, Andrew (10 April 2012). "Wellcome challenges science journals". Financial Times. Retrieved 16 April 2012. (registration required)
  7. ^ "Wellcome's 2019/2020 Annual Report | Wellcome". wellcome.org. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  8. ^ "Wellcome Trust | Development Co-operation Profiles – Wellcome Trust | OECD iLibrary".
  9. ^ "Wellcome's Berlin office will focus on global health | Wellcome". wellcome.ac.uk. 11 October 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  10. ^ "History of Henry Wellcome". Archived from the original on 2 April 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2014.
  11. ^ Hall, A. R. & Bembridge, B. A. Physic and philanthropy: a history of the Wellcome Trust 1936–1986. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 1986. ISBN 0-521-32639-7
  12. ^ briandeer.com Sunday Times investigation, February 1994]
  13. ^ "Henry Wellcome's legacy". Wellcome.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 16 March 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  14. ^ "Biomedical science funded projects". Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  15. ^ "MRC Centre United Kingdom: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute". Medical Research Council. Archived from the original on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2008.
  16. ^ "Kenya and the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme". 13 October 2022.
  17. ^ a b c "A Wellcome experiment in seeding drug discovery". Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 9 (3): 178–180. March 2010. doi:10.1038/nrd3130. PMID 20190777. S2CID 7960795.(subscription required)
  18. ^ "Wellcome Trust extends Seeding Drug Discovery initiative". TMRM. AngelNews. 14 May 2010. Archived from the original on 14 January 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  19. ^ "Coronavirus, COVID-19 research and development | Wellcome". wellcome.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  20. ^ Suzman, Mark (9 March 2020). "Announcing the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator". Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Archived from the original on 18 January 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  21. ^ Au-Yeung, Angel (3 April 2020). "A Bill Gates-Backed Accelerator For COVID-19 Therapeutics Treatment Partners With Madonna And Mark Zuckerberg's Chan Zuckerberg Initiative". Forbes. Archived from the original on 18 January 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  22. ^ "Largest survey into research culture reveals high levels of stress and insecurity". January 2020.
  23. ^ "Wellcome Trust position statement in support of open and unrestricted access to published research".
  24. ^ a b "The Open Science Prize". Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  25. ^ "Wellcome Open Research provides all Wellcome researchers with a place to rapidly publish any results they think are worth sharing". wellcomeopenresearch.org. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  26. ^ "Wellcome Open Research is now accepting submissions". Discussions – F1000 Research. 17 October 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  27. ^ "Archive of "Wellcome Open Research"". ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  28. ^ "Japan in pioneering partnership to fund global health research", by Andrew Jack, Financial Times, 30 May 2013
  29. ^ Fund), Global Health Innovative Technology Fund (GHIT. "Japanese Global Health Fund Welcomes the Wellcome Trust and Sysmex Corporation as New Funders and ANA, Morrison & Foerster, and Yahoo! Japan as New Sponsors". prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  30. ^ "The Wellcome Library".
  31. ^ "Wellcome Collection opening hours". Archived from the original on 25 September 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  32. ^ "About the Wellcome Book Prize | Wellcome Book Prize". wellcomebookprize.org. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
  33. ^ Branch, Glenn (2019). "Welcome News on Global Attitudes toward Science and Health from Wellcome". Skeptical Inquirer. 43 (5): 8–9.
  34. ^ "Wellcome Global Monitor". Wellcome. Archived from the original on 3 September 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  35. ^ "Wellcome Trust acquires the Co-operative Group's farms business". Wellcome.ac.uk. 4 August 2014. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  36. ^ "Wellcome Trust acquires Premier Marinas Limited from BlackRock UK Property Fund | Wellcome". 12 May 2015.
  37. ^ "Private research funders court controversy with billions in secretive investment". sciencemag.org. 6 December 2018. Archived from the original on 20 March 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021. The trust does not highlight, however, that some of the more than $1.2 billion it has handed out annually in recent years comes from investments in companies that contribute to the same problems the philanthropy wants to solve. Not long before the Hong Kong study was published, for example, the trust became an investor in Varo Energy, a company based in Cham, Switzerland, that sells fuel to shipping firms. One of Varo's main products is bunker fuel for marine engines: a cheap, sulfurous residue of oil refining that is a major source of soot pollution. Particulates billowing from ship stacks contribute to the premature deaths of 250,000 people annually, researchers estimate.
  38. ^ Schwab, Tim (2021). "Covid-19, trust, and Wellcome: how charity's pharma investments overlap with its research efforts". The BMJ. 372: n556. doi:10.1136/bmj.n556. PMID 33658184. S2CID 232105541. Archived from the original on 20 March 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2021. Wellcome's financial interests have been published on the trust's website and through financial regulatory filings but do not seem to have been disclosed as financial conflicts of interest in the context of Wellcome's work on covid-19, even as they show that the trust is positioned to potentially gain from the pandemic financially.
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