West Bromwich West (UK Parliament constituency): Difference between revisions
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|previous=[[West Bromwich (UK Parliament constituency)|West Bromwich]] |
|previous=[[West Bromwich (UK Parliament constituency)|West Bromwich]] |
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|next=[[Tipton and Wednesbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Tipton and Wednesbury]] |
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|electorate=65,249 (December 2010)<ref>{{cite web| |
|electorate=65,249 (December 2010)<ref>{{cite web| |
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url=http://www.boundarycommissionforengland.org.uk/electoral-figures/electoral-figures.htm|title=Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England|date=4 March 2011|work=2011 Electorate Figures|publisher=Boundary Commission for England|access-date=13 March 2011}}</ref> |
url=http://www.boundarycommissionforengland.org.uk/electoral-figures/electoral-figures.htm|title=Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England|date=4 March 2011|work=2011 Electorate Figures|publisher=Boundary Commission for England|access-date=13 March 2011}}</ref> |
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|mp=[[Shaun Bailey (West Bromwich MP)|Shaun Bailey]] |
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|region=England |
|region=England |
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|county=[[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]] |
|county=[[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]] |
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|towns=[[Tipton]] and [[Wednesbury]] |
|towns=[[Tipton]] and [[Wednesbury]] |
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'''West Bromwich West''' |
'''West Bromwich West''' was a [[List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies|constituency]]{{#tag:ref|A [[borough constituency]] (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)|group=n}} in the [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]] in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|UK Parliament]]. It was represented from 1974 until 2019 by members of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], and by the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]] from 2019 until 2024.{{#tag:ref|As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) by the [[first past the post]] system of election at least every five years.|group=n}} |
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Further to the completion of the [[2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies]], the seat |
Further to the completion of the [[2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies]], the seat was abolished and subjected to major boundary changes as a result of the realignment of the boundary between this seat and [[West Bromwich East (UK Parliament constituency)|West Bromwich East]], resulting in the loss of the [[Oldbury, West Midlands|Oldbury]] and [[Tividale]] wards in exchange for the [[Friar Park, West Midlands|Friar Park]] and [[Hateley Heath]] wards. The replacement seat also includes the [[Metropolitan Borough of Dudley|Dudley]] ward of [[Coseley|Coseley East]] from [[Wolverhampton South East (UK Parliament constituency)|Wolverhampton South East]] and will be reformed as '''[[Tipton and Wednesbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Tipton and Wednesbury]]''', to be first contested at the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume one: Report – West Midlands {{!}} Boundary Commission for England |url=https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/2023-review/2023-review-volume-one-report/the-2023-review-of-parliamentary-constituency-boundaries-in-england-volume-one-report-west-midlands/ |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk}}</ref> |
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⚫ | [[Wednesbury]] and [[Tipton]] are economic centres and historic towns with considerable suburbs, although overshadowed in the service sector by nearby [[Birmingham]]. Since the recessions of the 1970s and [[Early 1980s recession|early 1980s]], West Bromwich West has suffered from an acute, stubbornly great minority of unemployment,{{clarification needed|date=November 2022}} and as a result of the [[Great Recession]] of 2008, unemployment peaked at 14.3%. Only [[Birmingham, Ladywood (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham, Ladywood]] nearby had higher unemployment rates in all of Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.virginmedia.com/|title=Virgin Media - Official Site|website=Virgin Media}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Workless claimants who were registered jobseekers were, in November 2012, higher than the national average of 3.8%, standing at 8.1% of the local population. Based on a statistical compilation by ''[[The Guardian]]'', this also exceeded the regional average of 4.7% of those of working age in receipt of this benefit, which is seen as the lower gauge of the breadth of unemployment.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2010/nov/17/unemployment-and-employment-statistics-economics Unemployment claimants by constituency] ''[[The Guardian]]''</ref> |
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⚫ | West Bromwich West was one of four constituencies covering the [[Sandwell|Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell]], covering its west and north-west. Its main settlements were the towns of [[Tipton]] and [[Wednesbury]], alongside the villages or suburbs of [[Great Bridge, West Midlands|Great Bridge]], [[Princes End]] and [[Tividale]]. |
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⚫ | From 1974 until 2000, this was the constituency of [[Betty Boothroyd]], who was first elected for the former [[West Bromwich (UK Parliament constituency)|West Bromwich]] in its [[1973 West Bromwich by-election|by-election in 1973]] and became the first woman to be [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] in 1992. She retired as Speaker in 2000.{{#tag:ref|She was elevated to the [[House of Lords]] as Baroness Boothroyd of Sandwell.|group=n}} The [[2000 West Bromwich West by-election|ensuing by-election]] was won by the [[Labour Co-operative]] candidate [[Adrian Bailey]], who held the seat until 2019. [[Shaun Bailey (West Bromwich MP)|Shaun Bailey]], the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] candidate in the [[2019 United Kingdom general election|2019 general election]], took the seat from Labour with a 50.5% vote share on an 11.7% swing. He became the first-ever Conservative member for the constituency. |
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⚫ | At local level, Labour held most of the wards of the constituency. From 2008 until 2012, it was followed by the controversial [[British National Party]], which had four councillors, ahead of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]] with three. This came after a fairly strong BNP showing in the [[2005 United Kingdom general election|2005 general election]], when it received nearly 10% of the vote. |
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==Members of Parliament== |
==Members of Parliament== |
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| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] |
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⚫ | [[Wednesbury]] and [[Tipton]] are economic centres and historic towns with considerable suburbs, although overshadowed in the service sector by nearby [[Birmingham]]. Since the recessions of the 1970s and [[Early 1980s recession|early 1980s]], West Bromwich West has suffered from an acute, stubbornly great minority of unemployment,{{clarification needed|date=November 2022}} and as a result of the [[Great Recession]] of 2008, unemployment peaked at 14.3%. Only [[Birmingham, Ladywood (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham, Ladywood]] nearby had higher unemployment rates in all of Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.virginmedia.com/|title=Virgin Media - Official Site|website=Virgin Media}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Workless claimants who were registered jobseekers were, in November 2012, higher than the national average of 3.8%, standing at 8.1% of the local population. Based on a statistical compilation by ''[[The Guardian]]'', this also exceeded the regional average of 4.7% of those of working age in receipt of this benefit, which is seen as the lower gauge of the breadth of unemployment.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2010/nov/17/unemployment-and-employment-statistics-economics Unemployment claimants by constituency] ''[[The Guardian]]''</ref> |
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⚫ | West Bromwich West |
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==History== |
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The constituency was created in 1974 and took its present boundaries (except for partial ward shares with [[West Bromwich East (UK Parliament constituency)|West Bromwich East]]) in 1997. |
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⚫ | From 1974 until 2000, this was the constituency of [[Betty Boothroyd]], who was first elected for the former [[West Bromwich (UK Parliament constituency)|West Bromwich]] in its [[1973 West Bromwich by-election|by-election in 1973]] and became the first woman to be [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] in 1992. She retired as Speaker in 2000.{{#tag:ref|She was elevated to the [[House of Lords]] as Baroness Boothroyd of Sandwell.|group=n}} The [[2000 West Bromwich West by-election|ensuing by-election]] was won by the [[Labour Co-operative]] candidate [[Adrian Bailey]], who held the seat until 2019. [[Shaun Bailey (West Bromwich MP)|Shaun Bailey]], the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] candidate in the [[2019 United Kingdom general election|2019 general election]], took the seat from Labour with a 50.5% vote share on an 11.7% swing. He became the first-ever Conservative member for the constituency. |
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⚫ | At local level, Labour |
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==Elections== |
==Elections== |
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{{s-ttl|title=Constituency represented by the speaker|years=1992–2000}} |
{{s-ttl|title=Constituency represented by the speaker|years=1992–2000}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Glasgow Springburn (UK Parliament constituency)|Glasgow Springburn]]}} |
{{s-aft|after=[[Glasgow Springburn (UK Parliament constituency)|Glasgow Springburn]]}} |
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{{end}} |
{{s-end}} |
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{{Constituencies in the West Midlands}} |
{{Constituencies in the West Midlands}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:West Bromwich West (Uk Parliament Constituency)}} |
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[[Category:Politics of Sandwell]] |
[[Category:Politics of Sandwell]] |
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[[Category:Parliamentary constituencies in the West Midlands (county)]] |
[[Category:Parliamentary constituencies in the West Midlands (county)]] |
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[[Category:Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1974]] |
[[Category:Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1974]] |
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[[Category:Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 2024]] |
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[[Category:West Bromwich]] |
[[Category:West Bromwich]] |
Latest revision as of 21:14, 28 June 2024
West Bromwich West | |
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Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
Boundary of West Bromwich West in West Midlands | |
Location of West Midlands within England | |
County | West Midlands |
Electorate | 65,249 (December 2010)[1] |
Major settlements | Tipton and Wednesbury |
1974–2024 | |
Seats | One |
Created from | West Bromwich |
Replaced by | Tipton and Wednesbury |
West Bromwich West was a constituency[n 1] in the West Midlands in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It was represented from 1974 until 2019 by members of the Labour Party, and by the Conservatives from 2019 until 2024.[n 2]
Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished and subjected to major boundary changes as a result of the realignment of the boundary between this seat and West Bromwich East, resulting in the loss of the Oldbury and Tividale wards in exchange for the Friar Park and Hateley Heath wards. The replacement seat also includes the Dudley ward of Coseley East from Wolverhampton South East and will be reformed as Tipton and Wednesbury, to be first contested at the 2024 general election.[2]
Constituency profile[edit]
Wednesbury and Tipton are economic centres and historic towns with considerable suburbs, although overshadowed in the service sector by nearby Birmingham. Since the recessions of the 1970s and early 1980s, West Bromwich West has suffered from an acute, stubbornly great minority of unemployment,[clarification needed] and as a result of the Great Recession of 2008, unemployment peaked at 14.3%. Only Birmingham, Ladywood nearby had higher unemployment rates in all of Britain.[3]
Workless claimants who were registered jobseekers were, in November 2012, higher than the national average of 3.8%, standing at 8.1% of the local population. Based on a statistical compilation by The Guardian, this also exceeded the regional average of 4.7% of those of working age in receipt of this benefit, which is seen as the lower gauge of the breadth of unemployment.[4]
Boundaries[edit]
West Bromwich West was one of four constituencies covering the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, covering its west and north-west. Its main settlements were the towns of Tipton and Wednesbury, alongside the villages or suburbs of Great Bridge, Princes End and Tividale.
1974–1983: The County Borough of West Bromwich wards of Greets Green, Hill Top, Horseley Heath, Lyng, Market, Tibbington, Tipton Green, and Wood Green.
1983–1997: The Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell wards of Great Bridge, Greets Green and Lyng, Princes End, Tipton Green, Wednesbury North, and Wednesbury South.
1997–2024: The Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell wards of Great Bridge, Oldbury, Princes End, Tipton Green, Tividale, Wednesbury North, and Wednesbury South.
Political history[edit]
The seat was held by either the Labour Party or one of its members as the Speaker of the House of Commons from its creation until December 2019.
From 1974 until 2000, this was the constituency of Betty Boothroyd, who was first elected for the former West Bromwich in its by-election in 1973 and became the first woman to be Speaker of the House of Commons in 1992. She retired as Speaker in 2000.[n 3] The ensuing by-election was won by the Labour Co-operative candidate Adrian Bailey, who held the seat until 2019. Shaun Bailey, the Conservative Party candidate in the 2019 general election, took the seat from Labour with a 50.5% vote share on an 11.7% swing. He became the first-ever Conservative member for the constituency.
At local level, Labour held most of the wards of the constituency. From 2008 until 2012, it was followed by the controversial British National Party, which had four councillors, ahead of the Conservatives with three. This came after a fairly strong BNP showing in the 2005 general election, when it received nearly 10% of the vote.
Members of Parliament[edit]
Election | Member[5] | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Feb 1974 | Betty Boothroyd | Labour | |
1992 | Speaker | ||
2000 by-election | Adrian Bailey | Labour Co-op | |
2019 | Shaun Bailey | Conservative |
Elections[edit]
Elections in the 2010s[edit]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Shaun Bailey | 17,419 | 50.5 | +10.8 | |
Labour | James Cunningham | 13,620 | 39.5 | –12.6 | |
Brexit Party | Franco D'Aulerio | 1,841 | 5.3 | New | |
Liberal Democrats | Flo Clucas | 915 | 2.7 | +1.8 | |
Green | Keir Williams | 664 | 1.9 | +1.0 | |
Majority | 3,799 | 11.0 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 34,459 | 53.4 | –1.3 | ||
Conservative gain from Labour | Swing | +11.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Adrian Bailey | 18,789 | 52.1 | +4.8 | |
Conservative | Andrew Hardie | 14,329 | 39.7 | +15.8 | |
UKIP | Star Anderton | 2,320 | 6.4 | –18.8 | |
Liberal Democrats | Flo Clucas | 333 | 0.9 | –0.7 | |
Green | Robert Buckman | 323 | 0.9 | –1.1 | |
Majority | 4,460 | 12.4 | –9.7 | ||
Turnout | 36,094 | 54.7 | |||
Labour hold | Swing | –5.6 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Adrian Bailey | 16,578 | 47.3 | +2.3 | |
UKIP | Graham Eardley | 8,836 | 25.2 | +20.9 | |
Conservative | Paul Ratner | 8,365 | 23.9 | –5.4 | |
Green | Mark Redding | 697 | 2.0 | New | |
Liberal Democrats | Karen Trench | 550 | 1.6 | –10.4 | |
Majority | 7,742 | 22.1 | +5.4 | ||
Turnout | 35,026 | ||||
Labour hold | Swing | –9.3 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Adrian Bailey | 16,263 | 45.0 | –8.7 | |
Conservative | Andrew Hardie | 10,612 | 29.3 | +6.6 | |
Liberal Democrats | Sadie Smith | 4,336 | 12.0 | +1.8 | |
BNP | Russ Green | 3,394 | 9.4 | –0.5 | |
UKIP | Malcolm Ford | 1,566 | 4.3 | +1.8 | |
Majority | 5,651 | 15.7 | –15.9 | ||
Turnout | 36,171 | 55.6 | +4.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | –7.6 |
Elections in the 2000s[edit]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Adrian Bailey | 18,951 | 54.3 | –6.5 | |
Conservative | Mimi Harker | 8,057 | 23.1 | –2.0 | |
Liberal Democrats | Martyn Smith | 3,583 | 10.3 | +3.5 | |
BNP | James Lloyd | 3,456 | 9.9 | +5.4 | |
UKIP | Kevin Walker | 870 | 2.5 | +0.9 | |
Majority | 10,894 | 31.2 | –4.5 | ||
Turnout | 34,917 | 52.3 | +4.6 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | –2.3 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Adrian Bailey | 19,352 | 60.8 | N/A | |
Conservative | Karen Bissell | 7,997 | 25.1 | N/A | |
Liberal Democrats | Sadie Smith | 2,168 | 6.8 | N/A | |
BNP | John Salvage | 1,428 | 4.5 | N/A | |
UKIP | Kevin Walker | 499 | 1.6 | N/A | |
Socialist Labour | Baghwant Singh | 396 | 1.2 | New | |
Majority | 11,355 | 35.7 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 31,840 | 47.7 | –6.7 | ||
Labour gain from Speaker | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Adrian Bailey | 9,460 | 50.6 | N/A | |
Conservative | Karen Bissell | 6,408 | 34.3 | New | |
Liberal Democrats | Sadie Smith | 1,791 | 9.6 | New | |
BNP | Nick Griffin | 794 | 4.2 | New | |
UKIP | Jonathan Oakton | 246 | 1.3 | New | |
Majority | 3,052 | 16.3 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 18,599 | 27.3 | -27.1 | ||
Labour gain from Speaker | Swing |
Elections in the 1990s[edit]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Speaker | Betty Boothroyd1 | 23,969 | 65.3 | +10.5 | |
Independent Labour | Richard Silvester | 8,546 | 23.3 | New | |
National Democrats | Steven Edwards | 4,181 | 11.4 | New | |
Majority | 15,423 | 42.0 | +22.7 | ||
Turnout | 36,696 | 54.4 | -16.0 | ||
Speaker hold | Swing |
1Boothroyd stood as "The Speaker seeking re-election."
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Betty Boothroyd | 22,251 | 54.8 | +4.3 | |
Conservative | Desmond Swayne | 14,421 | 35.5 | –1.7 | |
Liberal Democrats | Sarah Broadbent | 3,925 | 9.7 | –2.7 | |
Majority | 7,830 | 19.3 | +6.0 | ||
Turnout | 40,597 | 70.4 | +3.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +3.0 |
Elections in the 1980s[edit]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Betty Boothroyd | 19,925 | 50.5 | -0.2 | |
Conservative | Francis Betteridge | 14,672 | 37.2 | +4.3 | |
SDP | Anthony Collingbourne | 4,877 | 12.4 | -4.0 | |
Majority | 5,253 | 13.3 | -4.5 | ||
Turnout | 39,474 | 67.0 | +3.2 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | -2.2 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Betty Boothroyd | 18,896 | 50.7 | -9.6 | |
Conservative | David Harman | 12,257 | 32.9 | -3.4 | |
SDP | Anthony Collingbourne | 6,094 | 16.4 | New | |
Majority | 6,639 | 17.8 | -6.2 | ||
Turnout | 37,247 | 63.8 | -3.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | -3.1 |
Elections in the 1970s[edit]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Betty Boothroyd | 23,791 | 60.3 | -1.9 | |
Conservative | D Harrison | 14,323 | 36.3 | +13.5 | |
National Front | R Churms | 1,351 | 3.4 | -2.0 | |
Majority | 9,468 | 24.0 | -15.4 | ||
Turnout | 39,465 | 67.1 | +4.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | -7.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Betty Boothroyd | 23,336 | 62.2 | -0.7 | |
Conservative | N Bridges-Adams | 8,537 | 22.8 | -6.5 | |
Liberal | DJ Corney | 3,619 | 9.7 | New | |
National Front | R Churms | 2,022 | 5.4 | -2.4 | |
Majority | 14,799 | 39.4 | +5.8 | ||
Turnout | 37,514 | 62.8 | -4.7 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +2.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Betty Boothroyd | 25,112 | 62.9 | ||
Conservative | PM Smith | 11,681 | 29.3 | ||
National Front | G Bowen | 3,107 | 7.8 | ||
Majority | 13,431 | 33.6 | |||
Turnout | 39,900 | 67.5 | |||
Labour win (new seat) |
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
- ^ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
- ^ She was elevated to the House of Lords as Baroness Boothroyd of Sandwell.
References[edit]
- ^ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- ^ "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume one: Report – West Midlands | Boundary Commission for England". boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2023.
- ^ "Virgin Media - Official Site". Virgin Media.
- ^ Unemployment claimants by constituency The Guardian
- ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "W" (part 2)
- ^ "West Bromwich West Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
- ^ "BBC Constituency Results 2017". BBC. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
- ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ^ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.